1938-05-04 — Page 10

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as a cowardly surrender.

Possibly the least substantial of the points on which Britain and Italy reached understanding is that which reaffirms the "gen- tlemen's agreement." "Reaffirma- tion cannot but revive memories of British disillusionment Italy's attitude toward it, and keep. speculation alive as to the ultimate success of Mr. Chamber- lain's policy. It is one thing to

over

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impose. circumstances in which promises must be respected. What the nature of the guaran- tees is to be has become of in- creasing interest as Italian aid has been permitted to make Fascistic victory in Spain virtual- ly certain.

What, if Italy intends really to withdraw military support from General Franco, does Premier Mussolini expect in return for concessions to Britain? And can the British, Government pursue its policy of appeasement to point where it will encompass both Italy and Germany without sacrificing values which may still be dear to the British people?

These are questions which un- derlay the voting in the West Fulham division on the very same day that Mr. Chamberlain's paper success in Rome was announced. The British, know how to watch

Hong Kong, Wednesday, May 4, 1938. the by-elections for indications of the electorate's reaction, to Gov- ernment policy. The West Ful-

COMMONS & ANGLO-ham election was the first since

ITALIAN PACT

the resignation of Mr. Eden. It was fought on the issue of foreign. policy. And a Labour candidate Mr. Chamberlain obtained his won in a Conservative district. majority in the House of Com-

Of course it can be too readily mons, approving the Anglo-Ital- assumed that Signor Mussolini ian Agreement. In view of the has nothing to gain from an un- overwhelming Conservative vot-derstanding with Britain, Italy ing power and the efficiency of needs money to make Ethiopia the Party machine, no other re- an asset. The British have the sult of the debate was conceiv-money. Italy wants recognition able. It was extraordinary, of an "Italian Empire." Britain nevertheless, to find the Prime appears not only willing to give Minister claiming a universal its recognition but to obtain for chorus of praise for the agreo-Italy, the recognition of other ment. The solidity of the Opposi- League of Nations members. tion, the bitterness of their criti-That would add a substantial cism, and the force behind many diplomatic victory to the military of their argument, occasional de- success of which Italy is already fections like that of the Duchess proud. For Il Duce, it has the of Atholl, who declared that the pleasing aspect of balancing Rei- agreement proposed to let down chsfuhrer Hitler's imminent Spain, the West Fulham by-elec- hegemony on the Continent with tion, the magnitude of recent an immanent Italian Empire in anti-Government demonstrations Africa.

in Britain, reveal anything but a And then, too, there is nothing universal chorus of praise, in the apparent in the published terms British Isles at any rate. The of the agreement that imposes truth is, of course, that follow-on Il Duce a need to continue to ing Mr. Eden's resignation and observe them. Perhaps British Mr. Chamberlain's willingness to leaders are counting on Herr face what he described as un-Hitler to do that. Signor Musso- palatable facts, the Premier has lini's latest speech contained one more unpalatable fact to some words obviously intended to face, that is that the House of echo among the Alps, to the very Commons is no longer representa-gateways of which German mil- tive of public.opinion in the coun- litary might has now, advanced. try. There is a very strong sec- But it is conceivable that both. tion of opinion which condemns the Italian and the German lea- every stage of his recent foreign ders are congratulating them- policy, with its willingness to selves on the decline of those sacrifice principles over Ethiopia influences which in Britain meant to obtain security in Spain, re-strength for the League of presenting by Mr. Herbert Morri- Nations, and on the fact that son when he declared the Anglo- Mr. Chamberlain's Italian negot- Italian Agreement was morally iations have not yet brought repugnant and degrading to the British policy out from under the best instincts of the people. There shadow of the Rome-Berlin em- is another strong contingent | battlement.

.

which is prepared to see how That is a fact that Britain things work out but whose in-would have to face all over again stincts compel a feeling of in the Mediterranean should dubiety. There is a third, the General Franco be unable to keep smallest of the three, which be-order among the individualistic lieves wholeheartedly that the Spaniards after Italian troops Premier is on the right track. In had left. Spain. For the totalitar- astute argument, the Prime Min- ians might ask no better excuse ister undoubtedly presented his than internal disorder for a sec- case in the best possible light, ond intervention on the Spanish but at no point did his outline peninsula. Those are among seem to meet the challenging facts which Mr. Chamberlain voice of Mr. Lloyd George, who finds it convenient to overlook or "bluntly described the agreement Idiscount.