1937-05-06 — Page 10

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THE CHINA MAIL, MAY 6, 1937.

The China Mail

ed to have appeared, the public approved the event.

There was, in fact, nothing to Japanese public

Ninety-Second Year of Publication offensive

ག,་་༢,.

opinion in the recent political BA Wyndham Street, Hong Kong-manoeuvres There was and there is, certain to continue, a

Telephone 20022. London Office:

7. Garrick Street, London, WC2 Constitutional conflict in Japan between (we might say) the Notice To Contributors.

All communications intended for army and the Parliament; but the protest of the political publication should be addressed to parties against military intrusion the Editor, and be accompanied by in politics is not to deny a right the Writer's Name and Address, which the military possesses not necessarily for insertion but under the Constitution, but to as a guarantee of good faith.

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seek a clarification" of the Con- stitution Japanese opinion is by tradition nationalist, in the sense of unanimity in general loyalty to the State.. In Japan there do not exist the economic

Hong Kong, Thursday, May 6, 1937 group interests, or even the so-

THE JAPANESE ELECTIONS

cial group interests, which have created powerful political parties in Western democracies. All Japanese, high and low, acknow- ledge and look for national authority, expressed through re- While at first glance the

cognised intermediaries from the Japanese election verdict appears Emperor. The Seiyukai and to represent an overwhelming Minseito parties in the Diet, disapproval of Army domination developed by the big capitalist in politics, comparisons of party figures reveal that little real organisations the feudatories of present-day Japan have change has taken place. The suffered in the public regard be- Minseito and Seiyukai groups re cause of their dependence upon main all-powerful, with the more those business interests for party. liberalistic. Minseito commanding finance. With the peasants' vote widest general support. The one to secure,” “á journalist on the. change which might fairly be

Tokyo "Asahi” wrote recently, interpreted as rejection of the simple purchase was easier than military ideology is trivial in

Money effect. The Showakai, open ad-paid to finance the parties was

complicated conviction. vocates of the Japanese form of repaid by contracts, subsidies, Fascism, have only nineteen and official appointments." This seats in the new Diet as against spectacle was to the public not in 24 in the old. The Social Mass, keeping with that authority not nearly so communistic as its which stands for selfless devo- name would imply, increased its tion to the general good (the membership from 18 to 37. None Imperial example).'

of these figures, however, seri-

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ously influênce the position. The The army on the other hand, older parties command 354 seats is a paternal organisation, in a Diet composed of 466 mem- culcating unimpeachable moral bers and as both the Minšeito principles, and the bulk of its and the Seiyukai were prepared, soldiers are drawn from

the before the dissolution, for com-rural districts. Heavy taxation, promise with General Hayashi, it now increased, falls upon the is not inconceivable that, in spite wealthy men of the cities and of or, for that matter, with the towns. The. army's pushing moral stiffening provided by the through of the Budget, with es- electoral vote, they will be ready timates of revenue receipts to do so again.⠀⠀

which cannot meet expenditure,

'army

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The true position, indeed, is hardly troubles the peasant. difficult to estimate at this stage. Yet, on the other hand, the big Japanese politics have a nature industrial concernis are the life peculiarly their own. Many de-of modern Japan intensely velopments are possible in Japán patriotic pursuing from convic- when the Diet meets which may tion far-ranging and generous. easily puzzle the observer. To schemes of social welfare, and the Western mind it was incom- the creators of Japan's astonish- prehensible that a Government ing world trade. They have (the Hirota Government), sup- enormously encouraged art and ported generally speaking by 377 education among the people. If members out of 466, could be their employing agencies fell, forced to resign by a Minister modern Japan would collapse. for War; and that the succeed-They stand for a liberal inter- ing Cabinet (of

com-national policy and broadening plexion) could overrule the same world contacts. Between the in- majority and bring about a disfluence they represent and the solution. It has to be borne in conservative military influence, mind that in Japan Ministers are the division in politics is inevi not elected to Parliament or res- table. That division in spite of ponsible to it: The War Minister the election, has still to be over- in the Hirota Government want-come. The country's verdict ed a dissolution in January, when may, generally speaking, be re- that Government finally resign-garded as negative.~ It-failed to ed, but the Minister for the Navy rally to the call of the Army, appeared, quaintly, as a media- which adopted the unusual tor, pointing out that a dissolu-course of openly supporting a tion would create an open conflict particular party. The country, between the military and poli- may therefore be held to have tical parties, which would be voted in principle for the main. harmful to the national interest. tenance of democratic forms in This is the explanation, given government, without endowing with sincere approval, by Mr. any party or parties with the Tsunego Baba, veteran leader of power existing without the Japanese organised ~ Labour, in favour of the Army. Insofar, an article in "Contemporary however, as the vote may be Japan for March. Then when taken as a reflection of the peo- the dissolution was granted the ple's desire for moderation in new Premier (General Hayashi) foreign policy, particularly în in patent victory over the two relation to China, even the ex- great parties in the Diet, and the tremist of the Army Tenders may “open conflict" might be suppos- think twice before ignoring

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