1933-04-06 — Page 6

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THURSDAY, APRIL 6, 1933.

TRAGEDY OF INDIA'S "UNTOUCHABLES"

HOW LACK OF CASTE HAS

DEGRADED 43,000,000

(By Robert S. Walker.)

One of the most Impressive Features of the function was the Who are the "Untouchables?",make the child attending the lesson- evidence of the care which the They figure very prominently in the stand outside the building. Association takes to keep contact news just at present, and their claims Outcasts In The Schools with Black. Watch men overseas —or rather, the manner of dealing An extreme case was actually seen and to and employment for every with certain of them-have provok by a member of a committee ap man who has been a member of the ed both a very strained situation in pointed by the Bombay Government. regiment.

India and Gandhi'a fast, now at an A boy was made to elt apart on a The "big noises" of the evening fend.

high platform, exposed to the sun were Pipe-Major Smith, champion No one who has had the smallest outside the school, which was held in piper of the Army, Lance-Corporal acquaintance with India would need an upper room. The teacher oc Brown, his assistant, and Colonel to ask the question. Vaat as are casionally leaned out of the window Ол Evans, most modest of V.Cs, wim the populations of the peninsula, to give instruction to him. captured a German pill-box single- they cannot submerge and conceal a rainy days he had to go home. handed.

body whose numbers have been plac- A terrible result of their long sub- With these three distinguished fed as high as 70,000,000... [jugation to the caste Hindus is that Highland names the traditions of Admittedly, it is impossible to these massed millions' of "Untouch- the fighting Forty-two are in safe arrive at actual figures, but the ables" accept their destiny as na- keeping.

Simon Commission's estimate of tural and inevitable. Living on the |43,800,000 "Untouchables", is "pro-jedge of starvation, they are without

bably nearer the mark.

hope of improving their lot. They Defilement by Mere Touch are condemned to the lowest, ve Thus there is a population in eupations; In towns to the cleansing India about as large as that of the of closets, scavenging, and similarly

*

Stage Bathing Scenes. There was more undressing in s recent night's production of "Flies! in the Sun" at the Playhouse than one has seen on the London stage whole of Great Britain who are con-jundesirable work; in the country demned from infancy to live in most areas they are the poorest of all for some years.

No conqueror agricultural labourers. There were sun-bathing scenes in tragic conditions.

has reduced them. They are not In Malabar and near around the the first act, with Bome fairly

victims of the British Raj, Their degradation of the "Untouchable" credible attempts at diving from al rock into the blue Mediterranean. sufferings are due to the close caste still is such that not only is he for- The second act gave Miss Gladysystem of India, which allows to bidden to use certain main roads in Cooper an opportunity to outvie these masses no caste at all-or, at daylight, but he may not approach least, only the very lowest caste, within a certain distance of a high- Miss Tallulah Bankhead at coquetry

a gorgeous peach and black which excludes them from contact caste Hindu. If thecting one, he

and companionship.

must leave the rond to let the caste neglige and a white canopied bed.

And that deprivation has been man pass, and even may be required The third brought a nocturnal. of developments elsewhere, Lord repetition of the beach scene, and maintained for hundreds of years. to shout a warning of the risk of Ponsonby is well known for his some of the guests rose from the Outcasta as they are, they yet live pollution.

within the Hindu religious and so- In another part of Madras a local Left

and dinner table, removed an exiguous cial system. Wing sympathies Hong Kong, Thursday, April 6, 1933. activities, and Left Wing used evening gown to reveal an even more

authority preferred to leave the once to stand for popular repre-exiguous bathing suit beneath, and otherwise the "Submerged Classes," labourers of the despised class in They are the "Depressed Classes," reads unmended rather than employ sentation as its very charter of dived again into the moonlit sea but are more popularly known as the repairing theni liberty. But nowadays one heedless of the imminent risk of never quite knows where the stomach cramp.

The China Mail

Parliamentary Rule.

tain alone, taking little account

Your Daily Smile.

CLEVER.

|"Untouchables.” A' high-cast-Hindu In every Province of India this considers himself so defiled by the problem of the "Untouchables" crops mere touch of one of them that a|up. Only Burma is free from it. bath in cold water becomes a neces-In the United Provinces and Bengal sary ceremonial, purification. He the larger number of these outcaste will not sit upon a chair which has people are to be found, and there his been placed in position by one of they comprise fully one-fourth of the total population. There, accord- be these unhappy people.

The "Untouchable" must not drawingly, 'trouble is mort acute from a well used by caste Hindus, It is only, recent years that the for that very act would render the "Untouchables" have attempted to the temple to join in worship. Ilis tion, have sought to improve their water impure. He may not enter assert themselves, and, by organica-

children cannot come into contact their unhappy loterey with caste children in the schools. They found a capable leader of for that would pollute them.

thair cause in Dr. Ambedkar. About three years ago ‍they began dṣenta-

Men of a dominant type have Radical is in such matters until he declares himself, whether for usually managed, in British coun-Commissar or for Chamber. We tries, to override Parliament and, however, that Lord Ponson- without flouting it openly. They by, once a Liberal, now a Labour have not merely preferred man, while recognising, with

The man who wrete to safety; they have also enjoyed numerous examples, the in-creditors that bill-posters would subtlety for its own sake. Crom-lescapable, fact that "our slow-prosecuted.

working, ill-devised procedure well was the outstanding excep- for legislation, combined with Philosophy. tion to that rule, but he had to gradualness, cannot cope with the It's one of the paradoxes of life deal with abnormal circum-problens of to-day, which need that it is only the secret life of a stances. Bismarck, on the other rapid and drastic action," ex-film star that is not screened. hand, even in times of peace pects the. situation to be

saved by 1 often displayed openly his con-sion of the system of substituting further exten- tempt for the Reichstag, so that for detailed legislation Orders in been outstanding for some months any respect for Parliamentary Council and administrative paid up.

He wants, as he says, ever existed orders,

institutions which

*

+

*

FROM EXPERIENCE.

The customer whose account had,

*

Forbidden To Draw Water

caste Hindu's abhorrence of con- A deputation, which included four Here is an Illustration of the Daign for admittance to the temples,

tact.

A British Commissioner in Women, sent to place their demands "That letter you sent me did it" the. Central Provinces was engaged before the authorities of the famous In the Empire he founded was to see an exercise of "dictatorial he said. "I've never seen one like on an inquiry, for which people from Parvati Temple at Poona, was met plainly no legacy of his. Sub power without a personal dicta- it. Why, it would get money out of remota villages were summoned. with a fusillade of stones, slippers, sequent events have not enabled the people still to elect their gether?"

tor," apparently by permitting a stone. How did you put it to-They were collected along the road, and other missiles from caste his successors to raise the credit legislators, who are

bringing with them their land re-Hindus at the Temple entrance. then to "I chose the best bite out of the cords, These the "Untouchables" Exclusion From Temples of political party systems, and allow the executive power al-lettera my boy sends me from had to lay on the ground before the Later, when admission was de in the final result we have just most a free hand. It sounds, college," the merchant explained. feet of the Brahman sub-officer, who manded to the Kalaram Temple at seen large numbers-possibly aand he admits it, remarkably "

a sacred like the establishment of an un-t

would have been defiled had he taken Nagik, a town which is conscious majority-of the Ger- fettered bureaucracy. Even Literary Thought.

them straight out of their hands, place of Hindu pilgrimage, they man eléctors voting for a move-without going thus far, Parlia This flood of cynical novels indi- Only after the villagers had-with-found the temple gates barred ment which, they well know in ment could expedite its work a

cates a general desire to write drawn a few paces did the Brahman against them and guarded by armed sneerial stories.

condescend to pick up the books and men. their hearts, is as likey as not to great deal by simplifying Its;

papers and verify them before pass- Caste feeling has made, it dim, supersede Parliament altogether, methods. These are subject to

ing them on to his British superior, cult for the British authorities to either in the spirit or possibly in interest the intelligentsia: The Not Built in a Day.

A house which was begun eight The Brahman stood by in stony and employ any of the "Depressed real question is, What is the the form. This is but the latest attitude of the populace?

Bri-years ago on a mountain-side in disgusted silence while the British Classes" in the higher ranks of the example of the way in which, not tain, it must be remembered, Switzerland is not yet finished, representative actually talked to the police. It has been urged that in one land but in many, dis-has, not for the first time, saf Another example of shilly chalet, outcast people, they should be eligible for recruit- credit has fallen on a system for fered less from the temptations

The drawing of water has been ment for the Indian Army. long regarded, and most of all in of unrest than bave the majority; Enthusiastic.

the cause of frequent troubles, not Still, progress has been made in Britain, as the last word in good of her Continental neighbours.

The boxer who laid out his own restricted to the wells. Where the uplifting these much-wronged mil- government, the cherished pri-She has had, and still has, her garden.

Government has introduced a public Lions from their low estate; much water supply, délicate questions of yet remains to be done The vilege of every free people. The own serious. troubles, but they

· MYSTERIOUS,

Its pollution. If made available to Simon Commission paid tribute to European nations are much have not been intensified by younger in their apprenticeship, such currents of violence as

Science has added ten years to "Untouchables" have arisen. Where the missions in India, which have and their faith is, perhaps, have swept over many other every person's expectation of life. a river is the source of supply, the done splendid work in giving them great deal weaker. Of late, it lands. Nor does she give

Most women, however, still dys caste Hindus, drawing near at hand, new dignity and a new hope." has been tested beyond endur- sign of

[are content if "Untouchables" young having lost con-

abstract their water lower down ance, and the world has witness-fidence in herself. She is "faint, éd a succession of dictatorships, but pursuing," while some there some of them velled and some of are who have ceased to pursue. them avowed, some of them The speculations. which keenly

Facts You Did Not Know.

stream.Se

The fact that higher up-stream. others of the non-caste, peoples have drawn their water does not seem to

benevolent and some of them trouble the doctrinaire obser His movements" "timed by an matter; possibly the flow has cleans- ruthless. Parliamentarianism, vation for example of the electrical device, a Swiss sid jumped it in many cases a frail and newly supreme fact that economic or who made a spoed on 81.82 miles At railway stations in India no rooted plant, is being, tested as issues of vital importance have faster than any other man unaided question is raised concerning the never before. Many are asking far outstripped the powers of by mechanical propulsion • themselves whether it will sur-political delegates — are sens vive. The possibility of almosted but slightly among the

U.S. RELIEF COSTS DOUBLE.

110 Cities Report- Increase.

Children's Bureau, te

Washington. caste of the porters who handle the ditures for the Arst nine months or Large Increases in relief expen- passengers luggage; but, the man 1932 as compared with 1931: are Through a study of earthquake who supplies drinking water to shown in reporta from 110 leading any change is widely recognised general masses, whose mood waves Princeton Univeralty those who are thirsty is always cities of U.S.A says the US, What, in all this, of Britain? is the real basis 9.- na- scientist hopes to learn how deep Brahman, *~ There, as elsewhere, institutions tional content or its opposite mountains extend into the earth and Perhaps the most pflable result long unquestioned have felt of "Secretly," says Lord Ponsonby the thickness of the earth's crust, of this tyrannical system is wean late the breath of a scepticalwe envy the dictator's method challenge, though they have not when we notice how expeditiously fallen before it. Does the it works elsewhere. There are wheeled

mother of Parliaments still groups which feel that way, umm- stand where it did in popular redoutedly, most of them in cam gard, and is its future reason to wh

ably secure? In the

Issue of the

view Lord Ponsonby

examine this ques

of his a belin

mentary Governmen He limits his theme

Lord Pons

nitors? are." þitt

doubt if such fee

ever since

the schools. In the larger cities vented a two India;” schools under" Governm

-NO CASTS"-Testric": cycle tions But in the villages

to be at control recogn

500 to 800;"Untouchable"

Smilu anitz all, -- barished o

the: ontaldag verand

jek up such scraps they can

Other 2 schipe

In 58 cities, all having 60,000 or more population, the expenditures had more than doubled —Bauter.

KING HONOURS BRITISH BANKER