1933-01-28 — Page 7

SATURDAY, JANUARY 28, 1933.

Soviet Russia And The Peasant

Lack Of Interest By Farm Workers

THE

ers acted as

they did.

POOLING TRAGEDY

Headlong Speed

THE CHINA MAIL.

GIRL GUIDES GREET To-Day's Short Story.

MRS. BORRETT.

Pleasant Function At Sandilands Hut.

Tuesday, the 24th January, was the occasion of a most delightful | gathering in the Sandilands Ilut nsi members of the O. T. C. and friends) met to greet Mrs. O. C. Borrett, the new General's wife.

CAROLINE'S CHRISTMAS, OR, THE

`

INEXPLICABLE By Stephen INFANT

Yes, it was Xmas Eve.

And more than that!

Listen to where it was Xmas.

In

Leacock.

MONDAY'S STORY.

毋

1

After ten Mrs. W. T. Southorn, TT was Xmas Xmas with its Do you know it, reader, the room the Colony Commissioner, said how mantle of white snow scintil-called the kitchen?-with the open, extremely glad the Guides were to lating from a thousand diamond fire on its old brick hearth and the wairome Mrs. Borrett who they had points; Xmas with ita cook stove in the corner. It is the; heard was always a good friend to good cheer, its peace on earth; room of the farm where people cook (By MARTIN MOORE).

the Movement, and they very much Xmas with its feasting and mer and eat and live. It is the living- Four machines for applying hoped that she would take the Hong riment, Xmas with its well, room. The record of the Five-Year Plun

At any rate there cot old artificial fertiliser all out of Kong Branch under her kindly anyway, it was Xmas. in industry has teen patchy, its

wing. Mrs. Southern also said how Orb, that's a slight slip; it John Enderby beside the plain deal order after half a day's use; success largely negatived by fail-

it was table, his head bowed upon his Forty tructora only kept work-very pleased they were to see Lady wasn't exactly Xmas; ures. On its agricultural side the

and her daughter. Mrs. Xmas Eve, with its mantle of grizzled face with its unshorn stub- ing by constant visits to the Bisset Ilan shows no such unevenness.

Banister. who are on world tour, snow lying beneath the calm moon-ble stricken down with the lines of repair shop. It is easy to convict the Bolshe

Conditions

were and how kind it was of them to light-and, in fact, with practical-devastating trouble. From time to farm on this viks of every kind of mistake in

They especially favourable for mechanised spare an afternoon to visit the Hut.ly the above list of accompany cir- time he rose and cast a fresh stick their agricultural policy.

Mrs. Borrett

a then extended un cumstances with few obvious of tamarack into the fire with themselves admit the gravity of the agriculture. The farm possessed a

to Flagstaff House on emendations.

savage thud that sent a shower of large machine shop, in charge of a invitation situation.

aparka up the chimney. Across the Any peasant from the fields could foreign expert, where spare parts Empire Day which was gratefully

fire-place sat his wife Anna on a tell them where they have blunder-were actually manufactured on the accepted.

Amongst others present were:-

straight-backed chair, looking into ed. But it is more important to spot. By way of contrast, a neigh-

It was Xmas Eve on the Old the fire with the mute resignation consider why the Communist lead-bouring "machine-tractor station," Mrs. R. H. Kotewall, Miss Esther

and what which kept 25 tractora for the ser- Kotewall, Mrs. Fasken, Mrs. Danby, Homestead. Reader, do you know, of her sex.

What was wrong with them any- chain of circumstances has brought vice of collective forms, had only Mr. T, H. King, Mrs. G. F. Hole, by sight, the Old Homestead?

Mrs. A. R. H. Phillips. Miss D. the pauses of your work at your city way? Ah, reader, can you ask? Do this fruitful land to the brink of four in working order.

Mra. The method of grain collection Sawyer,

W. Gittins, Mrs. deak, where you have grown rich you know or remember so little of famine.

has further embittered the collec- Stubbings, Mrs. Alin Jones, Mrs. and avaricious, does it never rise the life of the old homestead? Now, as in the past, the only way tivised peasantry. Long before the C. E. L. Grist,, Miss Betty Gerrard, before your mind's eye, the quiet When I have said that it is the Old to produce a grain surplus to feed harvest can be catimated, the Plan-Miss Graham, Miss Loureire, Misa old homestead that know you as a Homestead and Xmas Eve, and that assign to each region and Pureza d'Eca, Mrs. T. P. K. Kemble, boy, before your greed of gold tore the farmer is in great trouble and the towns or for export is by con-nera

fairly locality its quots of grain to be and Members of the Officers Train- you away from it? The Old Home-throwing tamarack at the fire, sure- -centrating agriculture in

the State. Collection ing Company,

stead that stands beside the road ly you ought to guess! war, this delivered to

just on the rise of the large units. Before the surplus was furnished by the large and allotment to individual farms

hill, with

its dark spruce trees domains and by the richer peasants. Jars left to local Soviets.

wrapped in snow, the snug barna and straw stacks behind it; while But in the ten years that followed

from its windows there streams a shaft of light from a coal-oil lamp, about as thick as a slate pencil, that you can see four miles away, from the other side of the cedar swamp în the hollow. Don't talk to me of This meant that individual farms When they resolve to deliver is

(Reuter's Special Mail Service.) your modern searchlights and your The Old Homestead was mortgag- were smaller, and instead of pro-much as possible to the State, what-

Rome. Incandescent arcs, beside that gleamed! Ten years ago, recldess with ducing a surplus, they only just over the human cost, the villages are

An appeal to Italian undergrad- of light from the conl-oil lamp in the face a winter of famine.

debt, crazed with remorse, It will shine mad managed to feed the peasants who left to

When the local officials take a saner uates not to engage in too boister-farmhouse window,

with despair and worked them.

ous "rags" on the occasion of the clear to the heart across thirty secuted with rheumatism, John En- program of the Plan enlied not with the result that the towns are made in a circular letter to the rec-I sny, sometimes, reader, from the for twenty-four dellars and thirty Meanwhile, the industrialisation view, they fall far below their quota opening of the academic year is years of distance. Do you not turn. derby had mortgaged his farmstead

On State farms one might expect tors of Universities in Italy by Sig-roar and hustle of the city, with its cents.

To-night the mortage fell due, to- in the new centres of construction, 14 find a more satisfactory state of or Ercole, the Minister of Educa- ill-gotten wealth and its goodiess creed of mammon, to think of the Affairs, for here the labourer has

The letter appeals to undergra-quiet homestead under the brow of Such is the way in which mortgages night at midnight, Xmas night. Either the Bolsheviks mustbeen approximated to the factory

dastes to display that "composure the hill? You don't! Well, you of this kind are always drawn. allow the rich peasant or "kulak," worker.

The State farms are even less and seriousness which the changed skrunk!

Yes, sir, it was drawn with such to go on acquiring more and more

conditions of national life demand It was Xmus Eve. productive than the collectives, of his neighbours' land; or

The light shone from the windows diabodical skill that on this night of They

Up to October 26, for example, even of studious youth." must sharply revise

"They must avold.""* adds, of the homestead farm. The light all nights, the mortgage would be Lenin's New Economic Policy, the State grain farms had delivered

of the year's "acts which are not worthy of young of the log fire rose and flickered and foreclosed. At midnight the men and push forward a bold pro- only 38.2 per cent.

increased socialisa-planned quota, while the month's on from whom the future govern- mingled its red glare on the windows would come with hammer and nails gramme of

plan had been fulfilled by only 24.9 ing class must spring.

with the calm yellow of the lump-and foreclose it, nail it up tight.

Anna, with the patient resigna- Lion.

They must not, for instance, light.

tion of her sex, sat silent, or at They close the course which, as per cent.

adorn their caps with representa- John Enderby and his wife sat in "Red" Directors.

She Communists, they were bound to

Here, again, the State farms were tions and symbols which offend good the kitchen room of the farmstead. choose. They decided against the kulak, and in favour of large-scale not altogether without promise in taste, nor must they in any way mo State the early days of the Soviet regime lest passers-by in the public streets collectivisation and more

fices."

Frequently the harvest falls below the State's quota, without the Revolution the increase in thejeven

sub-allowing anything for the peasants rural population led to the division of the land into more and themselves. In these circumstances, everything depends on the zeal or more small units.

The number of peasants holdings sanity of the local Soviet author- rose from 21,000,000 to 25,000,000.itics.

only for bigger grain exports, but short of bread. for mon bread to feed the workers

There were two ways out.

tion.

STUDENT RAGS MUST STOP.

Appeal To Italian Undergraduates.

Monday's story will be "The Tom-Toms," by Owen Oliver.

times endeavoured to read.

per-

Many of them, at least, were under or force their way into public of MR. ASHIDA CHARGES She could not. Then she had taken

COUNT UCHIDA, Such a policy was not necessarily the management of agriculturists.

Farms.

The letter is prompted by previous

wrong from the start; the evil luy But then came the cry of: "Every" ["rage" in which excessive high{.

criticism!"

Diet.

had taken down from the little wall- shelf Bunyan's "Holy Living and |Holy Dying." She tried to read It.

Dante's "Inferno." She could not read it. Then she had selected Kant's "Critique of Pure Reason.”

Lastly, she had taken the Farmer's Almanac for 1911.. The books Iny littered about her as she sat in patient despair.

the headlong speed with which it thing must be subjected to mass spirits have led to damage to pro- Sensation In Japanese he could not read it either.

The experts were replaced by perty and personal injury,— But collectivisation proceeded so "Red Directors," who understood farms and were were nothing about rapidly that the Bolshevika soon overwhelmed by what should, changed before they had time to

was carried out.

Sullen Peasants.

A TRAIN.

theoretically, have been success. display what organising abilities RED INDIAN TAKES Hundreds of thousands of peasants they may have possessed. I have who were quite content to go on in mind one State farm which had working their own little holdinge three different "Red Directors" in with their own draught oxen and the course of a single year. horses were forced into the collec tives.

He Did Not Like Walking.

(Reuter's Special Service)

Tokyo, Wednesday,

The reports that Reuter's message John Enderby showed all the pas- of January 23, regarding the bluntaion of an uncontrolled natüre. At questioning in the Diet, had caused times he would reach out for the sensation at Geneva, called forth crock of buttermilk that stood be- a demand in to-day's session of the side arm and drained a draught of In some cases Bolshevik adven-

Diet that the Salyukai interpellator, the maddening liquid, till his brain tures in farming seem to have been

Mr. Ashida, retract what he said on glowed like the coals of the tamar- They killed their cattle for food, siraply planless. Take, for example, (Reuter's Special Mail Service.) January 23, Mr. Ashida failed to ack fire before him.

form a big dairy

Fairview, Oklahoma. retract his remarks, but expressed "John," pleaded Anna, "leave rather than add them to the collec- the decision to

the use of farm near Rostov-on-Don. Within

Railway officials were amazed to regret that, owing to failure to alone the buttermilk. It only niad- tive stock. What was

Soviets had com-see a train which had been loft make himself clear, he had appar-dens you. No good-ever came of draught animals now that everything six months the was going to be done by machinery? mandeered 1,600 cows from the standing on a siding begin to move, ently been misunderstood.

that." the animals reach the main line, and rush away. While, however, asserting that he "Aye, lass," said the former, with In spite of the temporary halt peasants. But when called by Stalin in March, 1930, were brought to the site of the farm gathering speed as it went.

meant to uphold the Government's a bitter laugh, as he buried him head! discovered that there was| They leaped into a motorcar, and polley to the League, Mr. Ashida again in the crock. "what care I f danger, about 26,000,000 peasant/winter oholter for only 1,000 of pursued the train for several miles, proceeded to declare that as the it maddens me." when the spring sowinge seemed in it was

driving along a road parallel to the Manchurian problem was vital to "Ah, John, you'd better be em families are now enrolled in collec- them.

Japan, the Cabinet ought to strive ployed in reading the Good Book tive farms, almost all of them

As they drew near; they could to their utmost to find a solution than in your wild courses. Here, against thoir will. No profound spring was eventually tapped it

They but. In his opinion, Count Uchida take it, father, and read it”—and psychology is needed to understand proved to be insufficient to serve the sea a man on the footplate.

farm. Disease broke out, and fired several shots into the cab of had failed to bend his energies to she handed to him the well-worn the reactions of these people.

any calves were bred. the engine.

the problem.

black volume from the shelf.|| Cases of "sabotaging the collec scarcely

Declaring that Count Uch da lacks Enderby paused a moment and held tives" by theft, malicious damage to Finally, it was resolved to disperas Finally the locomotive stopped. A

the herd, but most of the cows were, Red Indian stepped out, and said the necessary initiative, Mr. Uchida the volume in his hand. He and his machinery, and the like, are con-

blandly:

asserted that the Foreign Minister wife had known nothing of religious stantly reported in the Soviet Preas, in fact, killed for meat.

"I just borrowed the engine to should guide the nation's foreign teaching in the public schools of But active resistance of this kind is

Apart from mismanagement, there ride home in. I don't like walking." polley and assist break the deadlock their day, but the first-class non- probably rare..

are two basic faults in State farms-Reuter.

He urged Count Uchida to bestir soctarian education that the farmer The majority of the peasants as at present organised: they are

himself accordingly.

| had received had stood him in good are simply apathetic; they no too highly specialised, and most of longer take any interest in the them are far too large.

the cabinet's apparent withdrawal Take the book," she said. "Read,

Inter alia, Mr. Ashida criticised stead.

of the reservation regarding the spJolm, in his hour of affiction; it plication of Article XV, on which brings comfort.

1

land that was once theirs,

Again, the supply of agricul tural machinery is hopelessly in adequate to meet the needs of so

many socialised farms.

Broken Machines.

There was no water, and when a tracks.

The State Farms.

DEATH ABOARD

Specialisation in 2 country 'where 'transport la' sa inadequate leads to endless waste that might

SHIP.

be avoided by a system of mixed farms.

Mrs. Lillian Wood.

"

the late Mr. Toukai, strongly insist- The farmer took from her ed. Reater..

fand the - well-worn copy of Euclid's "Elements, and, laying aside his hat with reverence, he read aloud: The angles at the basa

News In Brief.

The farmer put the book aside.

The Cattle Trust and, the Pig The death occurred on board The quality of the machines is Trust have no straw and no grain the P&O liner Carthage, early execrable. They are worked by food for their stock, while the Grain yesterday morning of Mrs. Lilian men who have never handled any Trust has no natural manure. The Agnes Wood, (48), a through At the Rotary Club meeting on of an isosceles triangle are equal, thing more complicated than a result is either wastage, or a slow passenger from Kobe to Singa- Tuesday the speaker will be Mr. and whosoever shall produce the plough; and the lack of spare parts exchange over hundreds of miles of pore and Australia to her home Reginald Walker who will talk aldes, lo, the same also shall be and the paucity of repair stations congested rallway track in New South Wales about the sheep industry in Aus-squad each unto each. - often bring farm work to a stand-- The second fault is already recog- Deceased, together with tralia,

still at the most critical seasons, nised in the Kremlin. The size of two companiona, Miss Betts and

"It's no use, Anna. I can't read Here is the record of one large State farms is therefore, to be re: Miss Stott boarded the Carthage Knocked down by a motorbus in the good words tonight." -farm I visited; takeholde duced to more manageable propor-at Kobe with the intention of re- Shanghai Street yesterday,

Ten “combines” — nil, unusable tions, and there are to be no more turning to Bathurst, Australia. Chinese, employ on & Junk, sus of butternut and before his wife from the day they were delivered: vast "grain, factories like Gigant Shortly after the ship had left taimed lajuries to his left side and Six reapers and binders that pear Rostov, with Ita half-million Kobe, Mrs. Wood became ill and was sent to the Kwong Wan Hoop would reap, but not bind;

passed away,

acres

He rose, staggered to the crook

could stay his hand, drained it to the last drop.

(Continued on Page 12.)

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