1932-04-07 — Page 9

THURSDAY, APRIL 7, 1932.

THE

CHINA

MAIL

LOYD TRIESTINO Shipping

FORNIGHTLY PASSENGER AND FREIGHT SERVICE FOR

BRINDISI, VENICE & TRIESTE

vin Singapore, Colombo, Bombay, Aden. Suez & Port Sald Taking Cargo on through Bill of Lading

to Fiume, Genoa, All Italian, Adriatic, Levant,

Black Sea and Danube Ports

Passengers to LONDON (Overland).

NEXT SAILINGS FROM HONG KONG

M.V. TERGESTEA (cargo boat)

For Shanghat

& Japan

8.5. GANGE (passenger boat)

M.V. FUSIJAMA (cargo boni)

Apr. 7

8.8. CONTE ROSSO (passenger hast) M.V. HIMALAYA (cargo boat)

May 6 Moy

For Singapore

& Italy Apr. 9 Apr. 13 May 3 May 15 June 1

*Outward voyage to Shanghai only. Attention is enlled to the .. Conte Rosso which will make the voyage Hong Kong Venice in 21 days thus allowing London Passengers to reach destination the day after their disam- barkation at Venice,

For Freight and Passages apply to

Queen's Ruilding.

Tel. 28021

DODWELL & CO. LTD. Agents.

YKLINE

N.

Intelligence.

SUGGEST ARCTIC TRADE ROUTE

то

FAR EAST

(By Edwin Felstead.)

great rolling-chamber which og- cupies the whole lower portion of the vessel in the space formed by the double bottom. This space is! divided into four compartments, one occupying each quarter of the vessel, and each large enough to contain the 200 tons of water that she carries as ballast. A big aal- It has been suggested that were filled with water to their vage pump located amidships is Not only did the able to send this entire weight of trading vessels should go to the full height. Far East from London and wall endure the strain, but the water from one to another, from Liverpool by way of the Arctic Ermack floated a serenely as fore to aft, or vice versa, as may

accident be necessary. No ordinary

Er- Ocean, thus cutting the ordin- before.

Suppose the to be run upon ice ary distance by some hundreds could send her to the bottom. The mack's how of miles. But it is quite clear that provision of so many watertight thick enough to stand under the no ordinary ship could under-compartments reduces the 000 tons prassure thus imposed; to take such a journey. The pro-amount of room in the interior this, within the space of twenty blem of what type of vessel of the ship very considerably. minutes, the great pump can add should be employed is solved, if Of the remaining space, a large 200 tons more in the effort to break we look at the case of the Rus- part is occupied by the propell down the barrier; or it can send sian Soviet ice-breaking ship, ing machinery, which is located the 200 tons charging to the other Ermack. This vessel is still em- amidships and extends both for- end of the vessel, in order to get ployed to-day for making a way ward and abaft. There are four her out of a dangerous situation. for ships through the formid-propellers, three located at the Equipped For All Contingencies. able ice-fields of the Gulf of Finstern, and one at the bow. They The vessel is equipped for every land. People may aver that the are connected with separate en-imaginable contingency. Even propelling machinery would gines, in order that any one of though her machinery were dis- leave no room for cargo carry them may be operated indepen-abled, and she lay helpless in the ing. But a vessel like the Er-dently, if this is desired. Each grip of the ice, alie would suffer no mack could very well clear a of the engines develops 2,500 serious inconvenience. The enor road for ordinary ships that were horse-power, so that the total mous and steadily-increasing pres- strengthened against the ice-driving-power of the ship is sure would crumple, in the steel pressures, writes Edwin Felstead 10,000 horse-power. The fore sides of any other ship, or at best in the Natural Magazine.

propeller is an American device, would rack her so that she would

CANADIAN PACIFIC

EMPRESS OF CANADA

SISTER SHIP IN SPEED AND APPOINTMENTS

TO THE

Empress of Japan Fastest and Largest Luxury Liner on the Pacific

Salle

NOON, FRIDAY, APRIL 8

for

VICTORIA & VANCOUVER via Shanghai, Kobe, Yokohama and Honolulu.

Telephones

Passenger 20752 Freight 20012

But WORLD'S GREATEST TRAVEL

REDUCED THROUGH TICKETS TO EUROPE VIA U.S.A. VARYING it to be carried along by the to suck the water from beneath sides of the ordinary vessel. More-

FROM £79 TO 5:20 ON SALE.

SAN FRANCISCO via Shanghai, Japan Ports and Honolulu,

Tuesday TAIYO MARU

19th April. Wednesday, 4th May. ASAMA MARU

SEATTLE, VANCOUVER via Shanghai & Japan Ports.

HEIAN MARU

HIKAWA MARU

Tuesday, Tuesday,

26th April. 24th May.

LONDON, MARSEILLES, ANTWERP & ROTTERDAM via

Singapore, Penang, Colombe & Suez, YASUKUNI MARU

Friday,

15th April.

HAKONE MARU

Saturday,

30th April.

SYDNEY & MELBOURNE via Manila & Porta.

KAMO MARU

Saturday,

KITANO MARU

Saturday,

23rd April. 28th May.

+ TOKIWA MARU

+ CALCUTTA MARU

12th April. 29th April.

BOMBAY via Singapore, Penang, & Colombo.

Tuesday,

Friday,

SOUTH AMERICA (West Coast) via Japan, Honolulu,

Los Angeles, Mexico and Panema, GINYO MARU

Tuesday,

19th April.

NEW YORK, BOSTON via Pamma. LIVERPOOL via Port Said, Beyrouth, Istanbul, Peraeus, Genoa,

& Valencia,

LIMA MARU

Thursday,

14th April.

CALCUTTA via Singapore. Perang & Rangoon.

+ HAKODATE MARU

Friday,

+ MORIOKA MARU

Friday,

8th April. 16th April.

KOBE & YOKOHAMA.

FUSHIMI MARU

Saturday,

16th April.

RANGOON MARU (calls Moji).... Wednesday, KITANO MARU (calls Nagasaki).. Friday,

20th April.

22nd April.

↑ Cargo only.

For further information apply to:-NIPPON YUSEN KAISHA.

Telephone 30291.

(Private exchange to all departments:)

0.

K.

SAILINGS FROM HONG KONG BUBJECT TO ALTERATION,

DURBAN, PORT ELIZA

RIO DE JANEIRO, SANTOS JRio de Janeiro Maru

BUENOS AIRES via

Sat.,

Saigon, Singapore, Colom

bo. Durban & Capetown.

MOMBASA ZANZIBAR, Manila Maru ...................

Fri.,

DAR-ES-SALAAM, BEIRA,

LOURENCO LOUREN

MARQUES,

BETH & CAPETOWN

THENCE TO RIO DE

JANEIRO, SANTOS &

BUENOS AIRES via Singa.

pore & Colombo

MELBOURNE via Brisbane Melbourne Maru....

& Sydney

Wed,

5th May

JAPAN PORTS (Frequent Honolulu Maru

Services).

LONDON, HAMBURG, ROT-| Alasks Maru

TERDAM & ANTWERP

Fri.,

Sua..

Singapore, Colombo.

Port Bald.

Suox

NEW YORK via Japan porta, (Kwma! Maru

Los Angeles & Panama.

At

Philadelphia & Baltimore,

Sat

Call: Direct

Boston,

KARACHI & BOMBAY via

Singapore, Penang, Fort

Swettenham & Colombo 4.

CALCUTTA, via Singapore, Harana Maru

Wed.,

Penang & Rangoon,

Amoy (8. p.m. every Bun-

KEELUNG via Swatsw & | Hou: Maru

Sun

(day).

JAPAN PORTS' via Takso di Fatıma Marut

Keelung zwei

Fri

TAKAO Tia Swatow & Amov

(Noon)

For further particulara planas kpply" "tar-

28061.

OSAKA SHOSEN KAISHA.

two"

surface of the ice.

Dr. Nansen proved the utility and was first employed in the most certainly spring a leak. of building a ship strong enough ice-breaking vessels of the Great the slopping walls of the Ermack to resist the ice, and permitting Lakes. In effect its action is are fifteen times as strong as the drifting ice current. But in the ice, thus greatly reducing over, by reason of their slope, as stead of being merely a ship the resisting power of the ice the ice presses harder and harder which can withstand the ice, the and causing it to break more upon them, the ship simply rises, Ermack definitely uses offensive easily. This propeller is useful

(as does a glass ball if you compress measures and actually charges in another way, when the ship's it between thumb and finger, until against the ice-barriers. The progress is retarded by accumu- Ermack has cut her way through lations of ice below the surface at length she reste secure upon the the thickest ice of the Spitzber- and below her bow. By revers-

The Ermack was built at New- gen Region, ice that may have ing the motion of the screw, the

castle-upon-Tyne and steamed been frozen long before you and blocks of ice thus crowded to-

straight to Russia. Russia has The Ermack is ac-gether are driven forward out of the longest coastline of any country 1 were born. tually the strongest ship in the the ship's path. The remainder in the world. But the greater part world.

of the interior is given up to of this coast lies along the Arctic What would people say about cabins, scientific laboratories, a ship that could be lifted at the quarters of the crew, and the Ocean, and there is only one month in the year when ships can have a each end, without breaking into bunkers, in which are carried

In spite of reasonable assurance of reaching For if a model of the 3,000 tons of coal. Ermack were made to scale, and her great strength the Ermack the northern ports, a number of lifted in this manner, it would is not a large ship as we reckon which are of the first importance. stand the enormous strain! No size to-day, and with bunkers For the other eleven-twelthe of the closed by the ice. other ship could perform such a filled her displacement is only year they are

which attains a thickness of from task. What would people say 8,000 tons.

8 to 10 feet, and is some. about propellers that could be

times heaped into hummocka brought up short against the In external appearance, as in 20 feet in height. When most formidable chstruction with- interior arrangement, the Er- the Ermack was built, she out breaking, although the full mack is unusual. Her bow, stern power of the engines were urg- and sides are all cut away sharp at once made off for Kronstadt ing them on? Impossible? Not ly. Instead of meeting the sur- This was at a season when it would a bit of it! It has been done face of the water at right angles, have been ridiculous for any other with the Ermack,

boat to attempt to approach the they project above it. The

The ice wILS An Unbreakable Ship. stant of the bow is 70 degrees, frozen Baltic port. A ship that would penetrate of the stern 65, and of the sides met at a distance of 16 miles from into the Polar ice must not only 20. Consequently the ship looks Kronstadt. At first, the ship went be strong, but symmetrically topheavy, as though sitting en- through the Ice readily enough. strong unbreakable in every tirely on the surface although, Her fore propeller sucked the water matter of fact, she draws from beneath the ice, which broke part. It is impossible to make as a

She has, too, a blunt as soon as her how began to rise a ship too strong to deal with the 25 feet.

look, on Even the Ermack is not as ice.

account of her great upon it, and she was able to main- strong as it could be, although beam of 71 feet, fully twice what tain a speed of from 4 to 6 knots But as the more shallow she can charge anything less it would be for an ocean tramp an hour.

But and fresher portions of the Gulf of formidable than iceberg, of her length-305 feet.

was not built for Finland were approached, the task ahead or astern, without injury the Ermack

Here the to herself. The Ermack is in- beauty or for speed. In clear became more difficult,

can make only 15 ice, being packed to a thickness of tended to carry neither cargo nor water she

The sin knots, the pace of a heavy battle- several feet, offered a very great passengers nor guns.

At first glance, she would resistance. But the Ermack wOD of her builders was! ship.

tween

Curious Appearance.

-M

WARSHIPS IN PORT.

Bridgewater East wall. Bruce South wall. Cumberland-North arm. Devonshire-No. 6 buoy," Folkestone-East wall. Herald No. 7 buoy. Hermes-West: wall.

It

gle aim to make her as strong as pos- appear to be some new-fangled through, reaching Kronstadt to the sible.

Though not a naval amazement of the inhabitants. She differs in many res- warship. pects from the usual ship. In vessel, she is a fighting ship in may be possible to construct a sense of the term, aimilar ship, large enough to carry the first place, she has a double the truest 23rd Apr. skin throughout, instead of and her foe is one worthy of any a large cargo, for a route across the The steel that can be sent against it. Polar Regions. This would be con- merely a double bottom. epidermis is a layer of steel How does the Ermack break venient for ships trading from Lon-| Where water freezes. don or Liverpool to Japan and 7th May plates an inch and a quarter in the ice?

thickness, extending from the to a thickness nearly three times China. keel to the deck level, 40 feet the height of a man, its resist- above. Within this is another ing strength is enormous. steel surface half as thick. The might be better imagined than

The popular belief The following British warships two walls are, firmly braced by described. steel supports, and the space be- is that the ship charges at the were in harbour to-day:-

But them is divided into ice like a battering-ram. water tight compartments from this would be as futile as at 8 to 10 feet in diameter, extend- tempting to fell a redwood giant 8th Apr. ing entirely around the vessel. with a paper-culter! In exact She has a double deck, a double terms, the Ermack is an ice- 10th Apr. set of cabin skylights, and an crusher. That accounts for her extra wooden partition around peculiar lines. When she steams the outside of the cabin within against the ice har bow does not 23rd Apr. the second steel skin. The lat encounter it horizontally in the ter provision is not so much for line of greatest resistance. In- safety as for warmth. Heat stead, it rises upon the surface. from the ship's boilers is applied As the engines urge the ship through a series of steam pipes forward, more and more of her that run between the two inner Weight is thrown upon the ice, 20th Apr walls; and with the help of the until it breaks beneath the strain. outer air-chamber to prevent This is not, however, a. new Idaa. 17th Apr. this heat from escaping, the in It was adopted in an fee-breaker terior of the Ermack's cabins is constructed by a Russian, M. Brit- kept at a comfortable. tempera neff, fifty-five years ago, and it la bont 8th Apr ture, even in the highest lat followed to-day in the ice-breakers tudes on the River Volga, in the North

The Ermack is divided by an Bes, and on the Great Lakes. unusual number of watertight The ship posesßes unusual, ngi- bulkheads forty-eight in all ity This is imparted to the Br And most of these extend to the mack in various ways deck level. After the boilers powerful nickel feel and machinery were all in place which enable her to man these various compartments (the narrowest quarters, and

her four

Marazion-Bouth wall

Medway and Submarines--No.

buoy

Orpheus East wall. Seamew-South wall. Tamar Basi

Tarantula-In dock.. Whitehall-In dock.

Foreign Man-of-War. Helena-American river gunboat. Mindanao-American river gun-

On Pak-Chinese gunboat. Pecos American fuel ship.

STEAMER MOVEMENTS,

SYSTEM

THE

BLUE FUNN

LINE

REGULAR AND FAST FREIGHT AND **. PASSENGER SERVICES |

LONDON SERVICE.

"PATROCLUB " 18th Apr. For Miles, 'L'don, F'dam and Glasgow **ANCHISES" 19th Apr. For Marwili, Load, Botterdam and Hamburg

LIVERPOOL SERVICE.

**TROILUB" "*ELPENOR"

34th Apr. For Liverpool, Havre and Gangow

2nd May. For Liverpool & Haven ·

NEW YORK SERVICE.

*GLAUCUS"? 11th Apr. For Boston, New York, and Baltimɔro via Philippines, Fork Swottenhami and Singapore

PACIFIC SERVICE.

(via KOBE & YOKOHAMA.)

"TINDAREU8 "* 7th Apr. For Victoria, Vassourer and Seattle PROTESILAUS " 5th May For Victoria, Vazouver and Boskiin INWARD SERVICE.

"LYGAON" Due 10th Apt. For B'hai, Moll, Kobe & Y'ha "ADRASTUS" Das 11th Apr. From New York

Specially reduced fares are quoted for cargo steamers with limited passenger, accommodation.

I

For treight, passage rates and information apply to the undermentioned.

All bookings are subject to the provisions of the Com Dany's Bill of Lading.

Butterfield & Swire,

TRAVEL A.-O. LINE

TO AUSTRALIA. "Calling at Stanila (P. In.), Thuraday Is. Calena, Townsville, Brisbane, Sydney, and Milbourne.

British Steamers: CHANGTE - TAIPING (BURNERS)

MARNAFASTEST and MOST UP-TO-DATE STEAMERS IN THE SERVICE BE

ELECTRIC FAUNDRY, BARBER SHOP, BURCHON and STEWARDESS CARRIED day Your Short Leave in Australia and New Zealand, Hong Kong, Sydney-19 Days.

FIRST CLASS FARE TO SYDNEY, BI FETURN VI

** LONDON Mvia'ndstralia) from £136.15.4%)

CHANOT

STÀIFING)

CHANGTE TAIPING

June

·July

PRO.s. Corfu, leftCAUST Shanghai for this port yesterday and, la dus here on

80%m

LIMITED.