1931-09-03 — Page 2

THE CHINA MAIL

THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 1931.

20 MILLION MARK.

Passed by Ford on

April 14.

The twenty millinath Ford car left the assembly line of the Ford

MOTORISTS THIS IS YOUR PAGES

thus

became the first "licensed motorist in the United States.

In December, 1915, more than 1,000,000 Fords had been produced. Thereafter, as Ford manufacturing methods and processes developed, totul production reached. 2,000,000 In June, 1917; 5,000,000 in May, 1921: 10,000,000 in June, 1924, and 10,000,000 in May, 1927.

Contemplation of what, the pro-

owners to Syncro-mesh, the reports state. The experience of one owner describes some of the advantages this new type of transmission affords. He said:

"We were driving up a steep grade which required second gear imperation before the summit was reached. Some distance ahead an- other car appeared to be in trouble.

Motor Company in the Rouge plant, duction of 20,000,000 automobiles It had slowed down and in trying}

on Tuesday morning, April 14.-

The car rode slowly down the line

to shift the conventional type gears.

in

STREAMLINED.

Effect of New Radiator

Styles.

A Motoring Correspondent, writes

a Home paper:

and came to rest at the terminalised that a total of only 27,000,000 missed the gears and was in neutral.tion has not been given to

a finished product. Henry Ford and Edsel Ford; executives of the company, reporters, photographers

I am,

car owners do not like to see radio-" tors of a new pattern adopted) as it "dates" their cars. They urge that every one who takes an inter-

cat in these matters can tell at once that they are driving a pre-1931 Morria, or Standard, or Rover, or whatever make it is that has come out with something new.

Personally I do not attach a great deal of importance to this argu- ment, for the simple reason, that if

LUBRICATING.:

standable in the case of an old en- gine with badly worn cylinder walls, pistons, and rings, but re quires some explanation in an

Causes and Remedies of engine in new condition and ap

Leakages.

The quantity of oil actually used up in lubricating an internal combustion engine varies greatly in engines of similar design and size when running under appar- ently similar conditions. Some engines appear to use practically no oil, while others require fre-

and mechanics gathered To Ingest tered in the entire United States backward before he could race his times new types of bodies have been this style then the whole effect is quent replenishment.

the machine, a Model A Town Sedan,

last year. Or to

lost,

It has always been to me a rather it were to be generally accepted it as may be bil 27,000,000 from high to second, the driver surprising thing that more atten- would tend to negative all progress motor vehicles-passenger automo-

the in body design and style: The biles, trucks and commercial cars

He had to come to a stop, hold the

latest bodies, have sweeping stream- of all kinds, and buses-were regia- car with his brakes and shift into streamlining of motor cars,

lines from front to rear, and, if the low The car had started to roll of counce aware that at

radiator is out of keeping with another way, engine and regain control. We put it Henry Ford drove the automobile 20,000,000 Forda, placed bumper to assed him, going along easily and to his home, where it met the first bumper, would stretch approximate quietly in second gear.

"Just over the summit of the car, produced in 1993. Later ity 48,290 miles, which is within

1,508 miles of enough to circle the grade, an equally steep drop was globe twice at the equator.

encountered. We ngain shifted into second, using our engine com-

Part, way down this other car shot by The. driver evidently feared to make another effort to go into second and was trying to hold his car with hie brakes only. Before he reached the bottom smoke show ed he had burned out his brake linings,"

met 999," the famous Ford racer and the Fifteen Millionth cor, last

there

Theoretically, provided is no leakage from crankcase joints, valve chamber covers, or bearinga, the quantity of lubri- cant should not decrease in volume, and changes of oil and

necessary when incipient decom. position occurs through exuda- tion and viscosity change takes place through fuel dilution.

parently good order.

Engines Greedy for Oil When, after much running, these engines became greedy for oil, the cylinders could be rebored and over-size pistons fitted, and the combustion of lubricant be- came normal again. In the case of an engine with pressure-feed lubrication, however, to rebore the cylinders and to fit new pis- tons will not necessarily effect a cure. The fit of the crankshaft bearings has a great deal to do with excessive ofl consumption in the latter case.

Badly-fitting connecting rod bearings in conjunction with a high oil pressure are the most usual causes of heavy oil con-

The lubrication of the cylinder in a modern engine is carried out in a very siriple manner the oil being thrown off the crankshaft into the cylinder hores after hav- ing passed through the main and connecting rod big end bearings. Once oil is in the sump the quan- tity of oil thrown is not controll- ed in any way, and probably. There is no doubt that when, varies greatly in different en- visible leaks being absent, an engines of similar design and size. gine requires very frequent re- plenishment of its lubricant the loss is due to the oil passing the piston rings and reaching the combustion space, the products of its combustion leaving the ex- haust pipe as smoke.

The car was placed on exhibition EASE WITH SAFETY pression to help brake the car, as perhaps they ought to have well for trucks and buses, but, I replenishment should only be sumption in a nearly new engine.

o the Model T's. to be built.

in the Ford Motor Company's show- rooms in the Highland Park plant on Woodward Avenue.

One week later it was starred on country-wide tour. in the course:

of which it is scheduled to spend a week in each of the company's branch territories.

field “Village..., k

The New Syncro-mesh

Transmission.

Advantages of the

new Synero-

The almost constant shifting of gears required when driving la

On its return, the Twenty Mil-mesh transmission with quiet second lionth car will be placed in Green-gear used on the 1931 Oldsmobile congested city trafle brings out are-winning praise from owners; additional advantages of the Syncro- according to reports from Oldamo-mesh, other reports state. These hile dealers. Safety and driving Oldsmobile owners say they 110 ease are enhanced both on the road longer have to "feel" their way into and in-traffic, the owners declare. second of high but shift quickly and confidently into the required gear range. The quiet second gear with þa speed in excess of 45 miles an hour provides astonishing get-away ability in traffic, they report.

The first Ford; one of the first three automobiles. the United States had ever seen, resembled a buggy mounted on bicycle wheels and its little two-cylinder engine boasted four horsepower. Its gasoline tank held three gallons and its seat held three people. Mr. Ford was given a verbal itcence to drive it, and he

The ability to easily and quietly shift from second to high and high back to second, with the danger of missing gears eliminated, has won the thousands of 1931 Oldsmobile

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A

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gravity that means better balance and greater safety, and without sacrifice of head-room or road dearance. It has a yo-horsepower engine! Closed bodies are of solid steel construction.. Quick, easy control at all speeds is assured. by self-equalizing internal-expanding hydraulic brakes. ¶ Luxury and economy a great com- bination. Drive a Chrysler Six and make comparisons. Apply your ideas of value to Chrysler and see how Chrysler leads in value.

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CARS ARE NOW ON DISPLAY AT

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done.

Manufacturers have so far given evidence of no very lively interest in these novel bodies, and there has never been any suggestion of one or other of the designs being adopted as standard is any manu- facturer's range.

In practice, leakage at joints and bearings is very difficult to prevent entirely for long, and very few engines show no sign of oll escape after being in ser- vice for a few weeks,

various

I have never been greatly excited the last word in streamlining, but over the very deep radiator with n brought out, which were hailed as

they have been regarded more as thin strip of chromium-plating down freaks

than anything else, and the centre which became very com- people did not take them as serious-mon last year. It may be all very

very much doubt whether it im- proves the appearance of the car. Nor am I greatly struck with the idea of concealing the real radia tor which is often of "any old shape behind a layer of wire net- ting-it is really not much more shaped so as to look as it a very stylish pattern of radiator had been adopted. If it is desired to fit a stone guard, why not fit a real one? I see no reason why manufactur- ers should be afraid to come out with some entirely new style of body which gives effect to all the latest ideas in streamlining. There might be at firet a certain amount of prejudice to overcome on the part of the car-buying public, but once it was realised that the per- The spark plugs do not neces- formance of the car was consider-sarily become short-circuited 'ably improved I feel certain that unless the ol' is in great quan- been discontinued, due to failure any prejudice would be quickly tity, or the type of plug points to cure this defect at a reasonable

tend to retain it. This is under- ' cost.

American designers have in the past shown as much reluctance to adopt an entirely new atyle, as have British designers. No doubt they have been influenced by the fact that a great deal of money has been apent in laying down expensive plunt for pressed steel bodies which does not readily lend itself to changes.

O late, however, as a result of

experimenta conducted by several important American factories with the aid of wind-tunnels there has been a sudden reawakening inter est in streamlining. It has been proved conclusively that the wind resistance fered by a cur body.iá greater than the frictional resist. ance at the points of contact be- tween the tyres and the road. When the Reo Company proposed to bring out a new car they conducted wind- tunnel experiments with several tyres of body until they found one which, with suitable streamlining, gave satisfactory results.

Other firms tried similar tests be- fore laying down new models, as it was shown that, with streamlining a much better performance could be obtained.

Designers Increased Scope,

The result of all this has been that automobile engineers are now what the Americans call "stream- line muded," and at the recent meetings of the American Society of Automotive Engineers all sorts of ideas from rear engine mounting to, four-wheel drive were suggested In order to allow the body designer full play. One prominent motor body expert said that a modern automobile with its many exterior alr distorting appurtenances offer- ed five times as much air resistance or drag at any speed as

a full streamlined aeroplane body.

Briefly, therefore, what is aimed at is a body which comes nearer to the aeroplane as far sa streamlining is concerned. This, It is contended, would give a much better road per- formance with an engine. no more powerful than is at prosent used.

Naturally one of the first features of the external appearance of the car to receive attention from those who favour greater streamlining is the radiator. Reo, Cord, and Chrysler adopted an entirely new style of radiator last year which gave the appearance if not the fall effect of streamlining. Their 'Idea has bean extensively copied, and 'It' is_certain that most of the 1932 American cars will follow their

example,

What British, manufacturers are, going to do for the 1981-32 season has not yet been revealed, but it is fairly certain that for moré alten- tion will be given to this important question of streamlining.

Regarding radiator styles, it is kely that we shall see numerous. changes. Firmas like Morris and Standard are said to be contamplat- ing the adoption of entirely new fdeas, and it is more than probabie that several others will follow suit.

I have heard it said that many

broken down,

Beautiful Cars

A reduction in oil consumption can often be effected by fitting special rings in the lowest groove of the piston, and drilling the pis- ton wall for the return of oil. This does not, however, get to the root of the matter. Cases. have been known where the manufacture of a particular type of engine has

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