1931-08-25 — Page 7

TUESDAY, AUGUST 25, 1931.

BURIED TREASURE IN THE EMPIRE vast stretcher of glaciul deposits.

Modern Methods of Finding Minerals.

A BRITISH EXPEDITION.

New Facts Concerning Geophysics.

[Exclusive to the China Mail)

London, July 23.

New information which will be of great importance to the mining industry of the whole Empire is contained in a report, just issued by the Cambridge University Press (15/-) on the work of the Imperial Experimental Survey, which went to Australia for two years at the joint expense of the Commonwealth Government and the Empire Marketing Board to test under field conditions the most up-to-date methods of prospecting for minerals. '

THE

The old prospector, who could only chip off a bit of rock with his hammer where it actuelly jut- | ted through the ground, has been baffled (even when assisted by the skilled geologist) by these deposits. But the geophysicist

the Sherlock Holmes of the mining Industry-can track down the presence of minerals beneath these layers of decomposed mat- ter and vegetation, and can find the buried treasure through great depths of ice and snow,

CHINA MAIL.

TELEGRAMS BY TYPEWRITER.

New Secrecy Device

for Londoners.

PRIVATE TALKS PRINTED,

GOVERNOR'S POWERS

DEFINED.

(Continued from Page 1)

Local Powers.

Yesterday afternoon Mr. Jenkin 'continued his review of the objects of local Deportation Ordinances. The history com- menced with the Banishees' 'Or- dinance of 1882, giving power to the Governor to prohibit re- Following the very favourable residence in the Colony for a ception accorded by business con- cerns to G.P.Q. Approaches on the period not exceeding five years. subject, the first Teleprinter ex- Counsel outlined the powers con- change is now being constructed af ferred by that Ordinance. the Central Telegraph. Office.............

Private telegraphy is to become cal prospecting which were test-year, says the Daily Telegraph.

The four methods of geophysi- an accomplished fact early next cd in Australia were the electri- cal, the magnetic, the gravimetric and the seistale.

An Artificial Earthquake. The seismic method has al ready been used with striking success in prospecting for oil in The Teleprinter is a typewriter- As regards the Deportation The eye of science is beginning to pierce the crust of the globe the United States. It consists of like instrument by which persons Ordinance of 1912, its object and to see into the earth's interior. The report describes how staging an artificial earthquake, may in their own offices send tele- was to provide for the deporta- com- tion of undesirable, aliens, and minerals which lie hidden hundreds of feet below the surface can A charge of high-explosive is grams, or get inta direct

blown off in the ground, and then munication with other subscribers be accurately located, and even their depths and size determined, the progress of the shock is mea- and carry on written conversations certain other persons. Amenda- tions had been made right up to without disturbing a grain of earth or chipping a splinter of rock.sured by extremely delicate seis- with them.

mographs. The pace at which Among the advantages of the the present year. Almost incredibly sensitive instruments can be placed on the sur-

the shocks travel depends on the system are that a typed record is face and will show, by the mere quiver of a needle, the presence of nature of the rock through which kept of all messages at both the the waves have to pass. They will sending and receiving ends; there ores beneath.

go through granite at 20,000 feet per second, but in sandy soil, they only travel at a tenth sages even if there is no attendant offender," counsel went an to at the Instrument of the called read extracts from various affida-

THE "DOWSER" TO-DAY.

The geophysicist, as this magi- cian of minerals is called, is the modern, descendant of the "dow- scr" who searched for under-

ground water and precious miner- als (and even, on occasion, for witches *and "lost anirnals) with a hazel twig. But the modern prospector's findings de- pend on scientific facts and not

on occult powers.

death on active service in Aus- tralia.

The Empire's Mineral Reservoir.

Geophysical methods are

of

particular importance in many parts of the Empire, especially in the Tropics and in Northern Canada. In the Tropics, the original surface of the ground is covered with thick deposits of de- cayed rocks — often 100 feet For the first time all the differ- deep which conceal the true ent methods of geophysics nature of the ground. Thick there are four distinct systems, vegetation, too, makes it impos- each with many variations-have sible for the ordinary prospector been tried out and compared un- to explore the rocks beneath. In The Canada there are great expanses der varying conditions. director was Mr. A. Broughton of country where the polar ice Edge and a Canadian, Dr. Beiler, cap has receded during recent was assistant director until his geological times, leaving behind

of that rate.

Applicants Admission. After considering definitions of a "political

is great speed of communication, what constituted secrecy, and the ability to send mes-

In Texas the methods have subscriber. found oil down to 7,500 feet. Oil itself cannot be directly located

Geophysics in A.D. 136.

Fifty Words a Minute. When subscribers wish to get

.:

vits, including one made by the applicant in which he admitted

so the practice is to find the into touch with each other they will being closely identified with the salt domes"-deposits of crys-type out an exchange number which revolutionary movement in An- tallised salts of uncertain origin. will then be automatically switch-nam and Indo-China. This was near which off pools are often ed on. found.

One thousand subscribers are ex- an offence punishable under the He was pected in the initial stage of the French law by death. The seismic method is at once system, which will at first be work-wanted by the French authorities the oldest and the newest in geo-ed in the London area only. At a in Indo-China. He alleged that physics. It is only since the War future date it is hoped to extend the Hong Kong Government that it has been used for finding the system to the provinces. were trying to deport him so as minerals. (Much of the essential

For private Individuals the old to hand him over to the Indo- preliminary research was done system of sending telegrams is to China authorities. on the vibrations, of the big guns remain, but business firms will be Mr. Jenkin then took up his during the War, and seismic able to eliminate altogether the or-points as to the second Order be methods were actually used to dinary sending of telegrams.

ing a bad one, claiming that locate gun-positions).

The rental for the machine is to there could not be two orders in seismograph for tracing earth be 450 per annum. In addition, existence at the same time. quakes was invented in A.D. 136 there will be a charge for the lines. There was no jurisdiction to Fifty words a minute 'is a low es- issue a second order until the timate of the possible speed which first was discharged. An arrest may be obtained by a proficient under the second Order, even if operator of the teleprinter. There the first had been discharged, was will be ample opportunity to attain contrary to established law, that a high rate of speed, since sub- one could not re-arrest a man scribers will become their own who had been discharged under telegraphiste. the speed of the In habeas corpus for the same cause. strument being limited only by the matter, or pretext. operator's abilities.

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But a

"A Subterfuge.” Mr. Jenkin then again submit- by a Chinese called Choko. It ted that the Order was a subter- consisted of three dragons hold fuge. He also commented upon ing brass balla in their mouths. the date of the second. Order, When there was a shock, the August 15, which was a Satur balis fell into the open mouths of day. That meant that the Exe- three frogs squatting beneath. 'cutive sat on a Saturday, which Electrical methods there are was a statement he would chal- many depend on the fact that lenge. some metallic ores are better Some discussion ensued be- conductors than the rocks sur tween the Chief Justice and coun- rounding them. Electrical cur- sel, as to the meaning of Gov- rents are passed into the earth ernor-m-Council. The Chief and the paths that they follow Justice said that Governor-in- underground are traced and Council means the Governor act- charted. This method can being with the advice of the mem- used to find water. One of its bers of the Council, but neces advantages is that salt water can sarily in such Council assembled.. bo distinguished from fresh, and That was the Interpretation Or- this is likely to be of great sign) dinance. ficance in the more arid parts of Mr. Jenkin concluded his case the Empire. Electrical surveys by referring to the "improper"

in Tasmania located copper interrogation by the S.C.A. offi- nickel ores under swamp country cial, which he claimed invalidated where no ordinary prospector the second Order as well as the could have found minerals.

first:

THE BRIDGE OF KEADBY.

How Gold is Found. The magnetic method is the oldest, and can only be used for magnetic ores, which will deflect a needle just as a piece of iron or steci agitates a compass. This This is described as a remark- method has been used to find gold able bridge. It was opened in оп a New South Wales field 1916 and spans the river Trent where production had been The chief feature of the bridge, steadily going down. Magnetic which is of three spans resting surveys indicated the most likely upon granite piers, is the lifting spots for boring through the span on the east side, the rolling thick lava on top of the field segments of which form a quarter which prevented profitable work of a huge wheel of twenty-eight feat. fing. Sel

radlus, and run upon a girder track on which teeth are formed to engage with slots in the sector.

Gold is distributed in the soil in such small amounts that it can never be found directly; but sometimes it can be tracked down by locating another miner

During building it was of course. essential to keep the river clear, al with which it is often associat and tons was accordingly erected and the span, weighing three thou- ed. Gold mines now working in Sweden have been found by de- being maintained by pouring one in the vertical position, the balance tecting sulphides

The main object of the Geo physics Expedition was to test the various methods and then make them available to the world at large. Instruments which have hitherto been closely guarded, secrets, ste des Geophysic the re pecting

impb

openin

thousand eight hundred tons of concrete into the counter-weight as the building advanced.

Meanwhile the electric motors, which raise or lower the than two minutes, were it then remained the first time gand

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