1928-08-27 — Page 13

MONDAY, AUGUST 27, 1928.

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PAVLOV.

THE GREAT RUSSIAN PHYSIOLOGIST.

NATURE'S MYSTERIES.

At the

THE CHINA MAIL,

he could call his own. During this both from the point of view of the period he was actually forced to physiologist and practising physi- care for his experimental animals in clan. his own home, which for some time In 1904 Pavlov was awarded the consisted of one`rooni. However, Noble Prize for his investigations. this necessity may have been for Pavlov possesses a charming per- the beat, and to the benefit of re-sonality, a charm apparent to all Tercentenary "Colebra- search. The Intimate relationship He is unassuming and unselfish, and tions of the publication of our between investigator and his the devotion' of his students to William Harvey's book, "De animals may serve partly to explain Motu Cordle," in which he an- the remarkable results he obtained, nounced his discovery of the He was then, according to those way in which the blood circulates, who knew him, a man of lightning the outstanding figure among the rapidity of thought and action, with many distingulahed men who had the sya of a hawk and hand of assembled from all parts of the steel. world to honour the memory of the great Englishman was the Russian physiologist, Ivan Petrowitsch Pavlov. A small, grey-haired man of nearly eighty years of age, dressed in sober black, he present- ed a striking contrast to the berobed and bedecorated celebrities among whom he stood at the reception given to delegates and guests by the Royal College of Physicians. Pavlov throughout his career has been the same modest, unassuming man, al though his discoveries have been epoch making.

THE SON OF A PRIEST. He was born in September, 1849, (It may be anid that his name is frequently spelled Pawlow, and while that is correct in German, it in not so in English. Spelled as Pavlov, it giver as nearly as pos- sible the Russian pronunciation. His father was a pope or parish

him is especially significant and de- Įlightful. His generosity to those who have worked with him and have been concerned with his researches is unbounded, Those of them who are alive will be the first to ac- knowledge that the initiation and His work may be divided into success of any of their joint work three main parts. From 1879 was due to his inspiration and Ideas, to 1887 he made somewhat im Yet it is striking evidence of his portant contributions to the phy-modesty that his name has rarely alology of the circulation. The real appeared even as joint-author of merit of this work, indeed of most a paper. of his work, has scarcely been ap- preciated at its true value since the papers were all published in Russian. It was practically a ruling of the Russian Government that any work carried out under imperial subsidy must be published in the mother tongue.

EDUCATION IN U.S.

280,000 UNIVERSITY FRESHMEN,

At the same time

New York-In September next a quarter of a million freshmen will PROBLEMS OF DIGESTION.

enter American colleges and uni- The second part of his investiga-versities-a record number-Illu tions concerned the physiology of trating the growth of higher edu- the digestive tract, and it is upon cation in the United States.

one and a the outcome of these investigationa that his fame mainly rests. Pavlov quarter million children will go from the primary schools, corres- began to work in this direction be- fore he had graduated in medicine, ponding to the English Council He has solved many of the problems schools, to the high schools and of digestion, which up to the time also. to free. and college prepara-

{tory schools,

priest of the Greek Church. He of his discoveries had been stumb-

belonged to that group of sons of popes who have played a great part in the intellectual life of Russia as the sons of the manse have play-

ed in that of Scotland. Thanks to the eldest brother, an assistant of Mondeleiaff, Ivan Pavlov was en- abled to pursue his medical studies at the St Petersburg Military Academy, and on December 19, 1879, he graduated in medicine.

He then entered the clinical laboratory of Botkine, in the mean-

Sole Agents: W. R. LOXLEY & CO., Hong Kong. time perfecting himself in phy-haps, something of the scope and nobody can deny that I have been

DAILY

CROSS-WORD PUZZLE.

(This cross-word puzzle has been made by an expert but our readers are warned to look out for occasional phonetic spellings, such as harbor, plow, and altho.).

32 33 34

39

12 13 14

17 18

11

12. 103

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15

17

18

16

19

2,1

22

23

25

26

27 28

29

30 31

35

36

37

38

10

41 42

43

44

45

46 47

48

149

50

51

52

53

54-55

56 57 58

59

(63

164 165

67

168

71

72

HORIZONTAL

1-Secure 1-A nawer

10-A fruit

$4-A metal

16-A germ

10-A ROWE

17-Cloth shelter

18-Borf

19-Evenings

20-Satisfi

23-Pute off

26-Lump of clay

26-Motion of the sas

27-Ocean (abbr.) 29-Pronoun

30-A past date 18-Large weapon 18-Precipitation

-Foam 40-Excited 41-Ornament

-43-Tune

60 61 62

bb

169

170

73

Othe internATIONAL EVNDICATE.

HORIZONTAL (Cont)

54-Voln of mineral

66-Make atout 59-Cultivato again 63-8laple thing |64-in bad 68-A pipe

67-Parched

|64-Plunga forward

70-Man's name 71-Pitcher

72-Racing horse 78-Turkish governors

VERTICAL

*-Realinas

2-Open space S-Type assortment

4-Tempting

-Like

Swift

7 Throw

8-Engle

-45-Shirt button

46-Jolilar

11-Affection

44-Allow

{ VERTICAL (Cont).

22-Preposition 24-Paradies 20-Titis farmer

Russian ruler 27-Florida olty 28-Confined

31-Wear away 82-A bestia (pl.) |33–Farewell

84-Period of time (pl.)

36-Observa

87-Name of ane

baseball group 42-Fop

43-Averred

45-Exchange 47-An opera 49-Modern 60-Snow vohtais

68-Exclamation

B6-Blend

6T-Again

68-Fatigue

52-Man's name 00-Rustio

siological technique in the laborn- tories of Luwig`and Heldenhain, and TV25 made Professor of Phar- macology at Tomsk. Nominated to this post in April, 1890, he was hardly able to take over its duties, for in June of the same year he was called to a similar post in the St. Petersburg Military Academy. When the Institute of Experimental Medicine was founded, Pavlov was given the direction of the phys- iological section, and in 1897 he be came Professor of Physiology.

EARLY HARDSHIPS. He was then director of three Jaboratories. These he visited each day, and although they were situat- ed at some distance from each other, he invariably visited them afoot. It was not until he was over forty that he was able to work at one line of investigation permanently.. His earlier studies were carried on under the most difficult conditions. He lived and worked from hand to mouth, having scarcely a corner

ling blacks to the physiologist. The that 2.14 per cent. of all persons Statistics issued recently show lectures and books on this part of over 21 years of age in the Unit- his work were likewise, published in ed States are college graduates, Russian and consequently for a and that 4.55 per cent. had some long time received scant attention.college work. In 1897 Professor W. H. Thompson translated them into English, and I

should like to express they have gone through three my appreciation of the man- editions.

ner in which I have been treated The third part of Pavloy's work by Superintendent Dawa, Inspector has to do with animal psychology. Gray, Sergeant Brown and Conat- By no means: all of this has been able Ford. I know I have given turned into English, so that, per- them an awful lot of bather, but

significance of these later studies treated well, and nobody could have have been missed. The experi-been nicer than they have been. I mental demonstrations on the should like that placed 'on record paychology of reflexes are said to before being removed in custody to have been nothing short of mar-awalt. trial at Surrey Quarter vellous. It may be stated beyond Sessions, Louls Oscar Smart, a peradventure that the relation of London tailor, made this statement the nervous system to the salivary, in the dock at the police court. gastric, and pancreatic secretious is pleaded guilty to stealing a motorcar almost wholly due to Ivan Pavlov at Edgham. An exciting story of a and his pupila.

chase was told by the police. It WHY HE SUCCEEDED. was said that when told to alight The success of his experiments from a railway carriage he dropped was due to two things. First, to cer- his attache case at the police ser- tain improvements, which he and geant's feat, rushed-along the plat- his pupils made In the operative form to the railway embankment, production of gastric and pancreatic jumped over two fences, and hid in fistulae. Second, success became a wood. There, nearly an hour possible only by employing the later, he was said to have been found strictest cleanliness in all opera- crouching under some bushies and tions on the animals used, by ap: tying prono on the ground. plying the same techinque and after- treatment in animals, chiefly dogs, The next war will be a war of as

himself. extermination by means are applied to man

of aero- Pavlov and his school opened up a planes pouring down poison gas new era in the study of the phy- upon the civil population-Lord siology and pathology at digestion, Danesfort.

AS FRESH AS A DAISY

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TYPHOON MAP

OF THE

CHINA SEA

Corrooting agains 10-Choos

-48-Girl's name (Po*) 12-The exercise of a 181-Haad

31-Existe

52-Pronoun -43-Bitter herb

right

joz-Protuberance (pl.) 13-A state of disorder 188–Exospt 121-Low female volco i69-Man's name (short) SUGGESTIONS FOR SOLVING CROSS-WORD PUZZLES

Start out by filling in the words of which you feel reasonably sure. These will give you a clue to other words crossing them, and they in turn to still others. A letter belongs in each white space, words starting at the numbered squares and running either horizontally or vertically or

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(The solutim of the abova cross-word puzzle' will appear in to-morrow's issue along with a new cross-word puzzle.)

SATURDAYS SOLUTION.

ZĒVSLUT|A|M

ES

P] RUT

A

IN K

10

RIDE SULK

STANDARD TIME.

SUNRISE AND BUNSET IN HONG KONG

Sunrise and Sunset in Hong Kong during August, 1928, stand- ard time for the 120th meridian, East of Greenwich, is as follow:---

Sunrise. Sunset. smp.m.

August

0.04

6.45.

0.04 6.44

6.04 6.48

6.08

0.42

So

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