1928-06-15 — Page 6

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vourable comment in these we have sincerity resulting from of his moral worth should be columns. What is not worthy of intelligence, this condition is to made in relation to his fellow favourable comment, however, is be ascribed to instruction, But men, his family and his state. the peculiar manner in which the given the sincerity, there shall He never lost sight of the fact public became acquainted with be the intelligence; given the in- that man is, and must be, morally there shall be related to his fellow men. He is the projects. This was in the telligence, form of individual announce the sincerity. It is only he born in the midst of various ments from the companies to the who is possessed of the most com-social relations in the family and Pross. One company, apparently,plete sincerity that exists under in the state. He has duties to- thought it meet to inform the heaven, who can give its full de-wards them all.

As Mcneius says: "The root of man in, the street that there was velopment to his nature. Able to to be a new 'bus service, and the give its full development to his the empire is in the state. The other, of course, had no option own nature, he can do the same root of the state is in the family. The root of the family is in the but to follow suit. Such informa- to the nature of other men.. tion, in our opinion, should have Sincerity I understand as de- person of its head." We can com come from the Government itself, votional preservation of one's are this to the Greek philosophy in the form of a statement to the good nature, and by intelligence which also holds that a man call- Press. It is important informa-the capacity of exercising one's not exist apart from the state or Morality for rather that the real self cannot tion and the public has a right, moral judgment. we consider, to learn of such mat- Confucius is entirely a'ipersonal be realised except through the ters in a businesslike and official matter. What one has to do is to state. In China the theory is one 'try sincerely to develop one's of personal ties running through moral nature with an intelligent the whole organisation of the

patriarchal society. judgmont..

Confucius reiterated the ancient assump- Four Classes of Man.

tion that there are five universal. Confucius taught not only relations between men. They are that man is born good, but that those between sovereign and by education and practice man's minister, between father and inherently good nature is changed son, between husband and wife, (The substance - being that of a either for good or for bad.. Ex-between brothers, and between Morality consists. in Papar read before a Study ternal objects create in man's friends. Circle of Trinity Hall, Cam-mind impulses and passions, and rectifying these relations, but bridge University, on March 1, unless instruction guides him to the individual is the prime fac- 1928, by Mr. Lo Tung-tan, stick firm to the proper path, he tor in it. He has to rectify him-

is casily led astray. Man, except a self before he can maintain few sages, is the creature of cir- right relation to his fellow-men. cumstances. Confucius grouped Here I may quote a passage from IV. HIS ETHICS.

man into four classes: "Those the Great Learning which "is a who are born with the possession book transmitted by the Con- We seem to have covered of knowledge are the highest fucian School, and forms the gate enough background to begin to class of men. Those who learn, by which first learners enter into examine the teaching of Con- and so, readily, get possession of virtue.

the Great fucius with its fundamental con- knowledge, are the next. Those Learning is one of the most deep, But I who are dull and stupid, and yet sound, complete and philosophical

CONFUCIANISM.

PAPER AT CAMBRIDGE BY MR. LO TUNG-FAN, M.A. ·

B.A.)

Overland China Flail electrified atmosphere, "Twas mulation of stemingly different

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Affairs have their end and their

ceptions and principles. must warn you that in order to compass learning, are another treatises on moral teaching, and understand his ethics properly, class next to these. As to those it also happens to be the most we must be always reminded of who are dull and stupid and yet systematic and thorough work of the fact that he was talking, not do not learn, they are the lowest the Confucian School. What the to the men of the 20th century, of the people. "In another in-Great Learning teaches is: to but rather to the people of his stance he said: "The wise of the illustrate virtue: to renovate the He answered the highest class and the stupid of people; and to rest in the highest own mind. sorts of difficulties, moral and questions of his disciples as they the lowest can never be changed." excellence. The point where to Here I find some difficulty, with|rest being known, the object of The China Mail material, and all of such a nature were brought out by mere in-

that a debate on the subject is incidente of their daily life. He Confucius's doctrine of the in- pursuit is then determined; and spoke mostly in short sentences, born goodness of human nature that being determined, a calm un- clined to be, in the picturesque and gave no definite explanation. and of the influence of education perturbedness may be attained to. language of the descriptive re- His attempt to give answers suit- and practice in moulding human To that 'calmness there will suc- man is born ceed a tranquil repose. In that porter, conducted in a "highly able to the disposition of his dis- character.

ciples often resulted in the for- with a knowledge of good and repose there may be careful de- evil, then it is wrong to say that liberation, and that deliberation ever thus. Our new Solicitor-principles with regard to the the distinction of the wise and will be followed by the attain- the stupid depends altogether on ment of the desired end. Things General Sir Boyd Merriman, same subject matter.

This makes it very difficult for practice and education. On the have their root. and their speaking not in his official but in us to draw any general conclu- other hand, if practice and educa-branches. his private capacity, started the sions from his teaching. It puz-tion makes them different from The Newspaper Enterprise, Ltd. controversial ball a rolling by zied even his own disciples. For each other, then the idea of the beginning. To know what is first' declaring that it is possible, to instance: "Tze Loo asked whe inborn goodness of man can not and is last will lead near to what. ther he should immediately carry be maintained, Mencius seems to is taught in the Great Learning. The ancients who wished to give undue weight to certain out into practice what he heard have given a solution of this dif-

He was asked by illustrate virtue throughout the extravagance within the Church The master uniwered: There are ficult point. of England in proportion to your father and elder brothers to the philosopher: Kaou once: kingdom, first ordered well their Wishing to order be consulted; why should you actMan's nature is like water own States.

well their own states, they first the general body of loyal ser- on the principle of immediately whirling round in a corner. yants faithfully doing their carrying into practice what you Open a passage for it to the regulated their families. Wish- duty," "The Prayer Book" the henry Yen Yew asked the same east, and it will flow to the east; ing to regulate their families, question, and Confucius answer- open a passage for it to the west, they first cultivated their persons. adds) "is not designed to legalise ed: 'Immediately carry into prac- and it will flow to the west. Wishing to cultivate their per- these illegalities. If there is (as tice what you hear. Kung Si Hua Man's nature is indifferent to sons, they first rectified their Yew asked whether he good and evil, just as the water is minds. Wishing to rectify their evidently there is) "certain ex-said: travagance" in the Church, it should carry immediate inte indifferent to the cast and west." minds, they first sought to be practice what he heard, and you Mencius replied: "Water: indeed sincere in their thoughts. Wigh- in their surely is for the Church Assem-said: There are your father and will flow, indifferently to the east ing to be sincere bly and not for the House of elder brothers to be consulted or west, but will it flow indiffer- thoughts, they first attended to The ten- their knowledge. Such extension Commons to put the matter Kew asked the same question. ently. up or down?

and you said: 'Carry it imme-dency of man's nature to good is of knowledge lay in the investi- aright.

diately into practice. 1, Chih, am like the tendency of water to flow gation of things. Their know- complete, their If the Church cannot put its perplexed, and venture to ask you downwards. There is none but ledge being

for an explanation. The Master has this tendency to good, just thoughts were sincere." Their own house in order, can it be won-id: Kew is retiring and slow, as all water flows downwards. thoughts being sincere, their dered at that Members of Pariia-therefore I urge him forward. Now by striking water and caus- minds were then rectified. Their ment should signify their opinion Yew has more than his own share ing it to leap up, you may make minds being rectified, their per of such a controversial issue by of energy, therefore I keep him it go over your forehead, and by sons were cultivated. Their per

damming and leading it, you may sons being cultivated, their fami- simply rejecting it. They should

force it up a hill-but are such lies were regulated. Their fami- A Moral Teacher.

movements according to the na-lies being regulated, their States: go further. They should enact

As Confucius was essentially a ture of water? It is the force ap-were rightly governed. Their that the Church settles its own

moral teacher, his conception of plied which causes them. When states being rightly governed, the affairs without calling upon the man's moral nature must be the men are made to do what is not whole kingdofh was tranquil and legislature to confuse their minds most important topic for our good, their nature is dealt with in happy. From the Son of Heaven: down to the mass of the people, THE NEW PRAYER BOOK.

over them. The points at issue study, "By nature," says Con- this way.

fucius, "men are nearly alike: by The etymology of the Chinese all must consider the cultivation are purely ecclesiastical and prac practice, they become wide character signifying nature, con- of the person the root of every If it were not for the fact that tically little more than matters of apart." This seems to me to be sists, as most characters do, of thing that counts,

viz. ''mind' and the revision of the Prayer Book ceremony, which any body of the key-note of his ethical and two parts;

The original meaning of is unquestionably a matter of practical men, willing to work in educational theories. According birth,

to the old commentary, "the na- this combination is then the supreme importance to many harmony, should be able to settle ture of a man is the constitution human mind at birth. The TROOPING CHANGES, people clergy and laity alike-in ten minutes. But not so, as which he receives at birth, and is moral nature of all are: alike in we should feel much inclined to matters stand, for here we have then quiescent. When it has not the beginning in that.. they state that the matter is "much something closely akin to un- been acted on by external things are pure and good, but they can men are all like one another; be changed by education for bet- ado about nothing." To many seemly wrangling with precious after it has been influenced by ter or worse. According to the very sensible folk it certainly is little evidence of Christian environment, then practice forms, Confucian school, then, morality that and nothing more, as such charity being manifested. If cer- as it were, a second nature. He is self-culture, or th other words; who..practises what is good, be the completion of man's moral na- people find it difficult to discover tain bishops and priests are comes the inferior man." In the ture. Confucius said. one day: any sound reason why the sub- unwilling to work in harmony first chapter of the Doctrine of "My doctrine is that of an all per- ject should not be discussed and with the majority of their fellow the Mean it is said: What vading unity. The disciple

Heaven has conferred is called Taang replied: "Yes" settled by the Church Assembly clerics and interested laity, why Nature; an accordance with this The Master went out, and other It is probable, that the 2nd and by nobody else. Why the time has not the Church Assembly or nature is called the path of duty: disciples, asked Tsang what the Battalion, Scots Guards, now also of Parliament should be taken up some other Church body the and the regulation of this path is Master's words meant Tsang in the South China Command, will

called Instruction." Mencius, the said: "The doctrine of our mas be leaving Hong Kong about the. with the question seems incom-power to compel them to "fall chief exponent of Confucius, saya ter is to be true to the principles same time as the Queen's, to return prehensible, especially when, to into step" or seek some other "All men have the inborn feel of our nature and the, benevolent to England. gether with the fact that "though field for a display of their idiosynings of pity, of shame of exerise of them to others, this The Royal Scots-formerly the thay (our legislators) may re-crasics? Evidently the adoption model, and these feelings are admine Superior Man. In the British Army. Their depot

modesty of and dis, nothing

lat Foot are the oldest regiment: ject, they may not alter the book of f the revised Prayer Book will respectively the source of the

To a question na to what conia at Glencorse Barracks, Mid- as it is presented to them. Their do little towards creating the deprinciples of benevolence, righte sanction, as the representatives aired harmony, for there appears ousness propriety, and discern stitutes the superior or princely lothian, IER.H. Princess Mary" ment of good and evil. Every man; Confucius said: "The culti (Viscountess Lascelles) is Colonel of the people, seems, however, to to have been more discord than body has these principles in his vation of himself in reverential in-Chief. Lt. Gen. Sir Edward A. be necessary and therefore the ever before since its introduction mind just as he has four limbs, carefulness***And is this all?" Altham, ECE KLE, C.M.G., Party machinery of Parliament Perhaps the "thunder in the These are not infused into us asked Taz-lu. "He cultivates Colonel of the Regiment. has to be stopped while the air will be dissipated by what of them different view others "was the reply. And is of the King's Own Scottish Border- from without we are possessed himself so as to give rest to Their uniform is not unlike that book is more or less solemnly dis- the "big guns of the House of simply from want of reflection." this all?" against asked Taz-luters (the 2nd Battalion of which is Commons may have to say on the Thus in the Confucian ethics man The Master said, "He cultivates here) in that the men wear trews. It might all be very simply subject. But we have not much is born good, and conduct in ac- himself so as to give rest to all and the band lifits.****

The basis of The, list of battle honours, dates cordance with nature constitutes the people and expeditiously settled were it hope that such will prove to be the doing of what is right and the ethics of Confucius Is there back to the year 1680. - not for the fact that the book an comes to Parliament, on this oc casion, as on the last, In a highly engag controversial guise Why Buch Official Reticence.

Hong Kong. Friday, June, 15, 1928.

CUBBed

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true, ie, following the proper fore the cultivation of a moral path of life, self, and by doing so, to assist The moral standard is found in other moral selves that they may man's nature, but his judgment also receive benefits. There is secretary of the council of the needs the constant sharpening of another point noticeable in this Australasian Trade Unions report- Instruction. Thus it is said in the system. Confucius, while red at a meeting In the Trades' Hall two Doctrine of the Mean: "When cognising clearly that the morals of the Council, that the cooks run wo have intelligence resulting of the individual were the first strike was over, and that the mer

the fact remains that the measure motor omnibus services. In the from incertale condition Is and fundamental consideration, are resuming their old Jobs as far appears to be bristling with Colony has already received fa- to be ascribed to nature; when maintained that the estimation as possible-Reuter