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London OfficeThe Far Eastern Advertising Agency (Lonaon), Lid 24, Devonshire. Street Bloomsbury, W.C.1.
1924
RUTYSHARELY
ED EPIDEMICA
HIGH NON-CHINESE RATE,
WI PLAGUE
CONSUMPTION'S TOLL LAST
HIGHER CHINESE MORTALITY.
MORE MALARIA,
#KOWLOON THE OLIUR
"SUFFERER
URBAN AREA: EXTENDED.
Eloquant figurés, regarding the ravages of consumption
"Kill that mosquito" must be and pneumonia are furnished, in his still the slogan in this Colony, and annual report for
ing to the mortality from malarla Medical Officer of H 1924 by the particularly in Kowloon, accord- The number of deaths from disclosed by the Medical Officer respiratory diseases excluding for Health in his annual report pulmonary tuberculosis was for 1920
The deaths from this disease"
The references in the report of the Medical Officer of Health to typhoid and paratyphoid fevers are interesting inasmuch as they deal with the epidemie in July August September of last year,py
The total cases in 1924 num bered 285 as compared with 302 in 1928. These figures include 4,319 of which 44 were non-
tion
་
14
all notified cases including import- Chinese (4,317 and 35 respective were 707 (674 in 1923). Of ed cases those treated in hos-ly in 1923). Of these 2.288 these aix were non-Chinese (7 in pitals in Hongkong but with their occurred amongst children under 1923) and 701 Chinese. This places of residence. In the New one year of age., :
number of deaths is a percentage Territories, and all cases notified The deaths ascribed to lobar of 4.54 of the total registered
deathe. as occurring in the Navy and pneumonia and preumonia (type Army.
The Chinese- deaths. from not specified) were 703 and 254 The following table shows the respectively or a total of 967. Of malaria in the City of Victoria rate per 1,000 of the popula- these 363 were of children under (excluding the Peak and Har.
one year of age.
bour) numbered 181 (260) in Non-
Broncho-pneumonia accounted 1923) in an estimated population Chinese Chinese for 2,027 death of which 22 were of 420.000 giving a rate of 0.44 0.118 2.84. non-Chinese. Of these 1,347 per 1,000. In 1923 there were 0.191 4.11; were infants under one year of 260 deaths in an estimated popu 0.176 4.25 age only 11 being non-Chinese in lation of 350.000 giving a rate of 01172-1.-1.228---| this age group.
0.74, per 1,000, The total deaths amongst the 1924 show a slight absolute in- The deaths from malaria for $4.82* 2. 0:326:
0.1991.6.81
Chinese from respiratory disease (A) gives results based on the (including pulmonary
crease over 1928 and also an tuber- census figures.
culosis) was 5,087 or 39.4 per increase when expressed as a per- cent. of the total Chinese deaths, centage of the total deaths regla-
taredz giving a rate of mortality in the
The number of deaths per 1,000 The rates for the years 1928 Chinese population (excluding and 1924 invite attention, the the New Territories except New of the population shows, how
ever, a slight decrease, which is former on account of a noticeable Kowloon) of 8.6 per 1,000 increase in the Chinese rate and
Pulmonary tuberculosis caused accounted for by the increase in
the estimated population." the latter on account of an un-1,749 deaths of which 31 were usually high rate for non-Chiness. non-Chinese and 1,718 Chinese during 1924.1s due to a small but
The high rate for non-Chinese) (31 and 1,472 in 1923).
Other forms of tuberculosis sharply defined, epidemic in July caused 609 deaths (605 in 1923) and August of that year which five of which were non-Chinese was superimposed on the usual making a total of 2,358 deaths, incidence of these diseases. this being a percentage of 15:16
The following table shows the
of the total deaths registered. number of cases both Chinese and The percentage of Chinese but the urban area has extended non-Chinese of typhoid and para deaths due to, tuberculosis in each far afield into what were before typhoid fevers notified weekly year from 1920 has been 16.9 Purely rural districts, and per- throughout July and August,
16:2, 14,4, 13:6, and 15.7. Of the 1924..
2358 deaths from this cause last excluded.
year, no fewer than 750 were between 25 and 45 years of age..
B) gives results based on the
estimated, population.
of cratorical rhetoric. "A satia-1920 factory solution can only be made 1921 ((A) when the good people of China, 1922
1921 (B) together with the foreigners, sit 1923 down together with the deter-1924 mínation, with a spinit of com promise, to get together upon some common ground of equity and fair dealing. We are glad that signs are not wanting that this is being done and that the end looms in sight, helped perhaps by the findings of Mr. Johnson and his colleagues, the sacrificial step taken by the two Shanghai police officers and the offer of the Muni cipal Council
Missionaries in China,
No great fervour will be caused by the agreement made by the Protestant Missionury Societies at Home in regard to the "prin- ciples which should goverh their work in China in the future." In Hongkong, Wednesday, Dec. 30, 1920. special advantages, under the the arst place, in spite of the
THE SHANGHAI ENQUIRY.
Week Treaties, accorded them to pursue their work free from molestation, July 7 they now declare that they "desire July 14
to
25 shall
mortem
Imported"
Faded
156991 19 10 Chinese -
Cases
Chinese
##
are
tr
Total and the continual fluctuation in
The very considerable increase
in the number of deaths ascribed to malaria during the last two years is daarked in the deaths part of the Colony not only has registered in Kowloon in this the population increased very rapidly during the last few years
anent anti-malarial measures such as the training of streams breeding collections of water and the abolition of mosquito
have not kept pace with the ex- tension of the towel we be
The following table shows the
the population no accurate estim-deaths from malaria for the ten
6
4
6.
ata can be made of the distribu- years 1916 to 1924 inclusive! tion of the population according
Total
Percentage
17
..18
to age and sex. Comparatively
14
20
few birtha are registered but ||
of total deaths
5 TO
probably a greater proportion of 1915
328
414
47
12
0
12
5.
3
8.
5. 4 9
"
male than female births. It has, 1916. however, been estimated that the 1917 Chinese female population may 1918 be taken as approximately equal 1919 population. to one-third of the total Chinese 1920
337
8.19
417
8.98
388
2.98
314
289
332.
2,67
1921
"882
2.79%
+464
8.11
.674
4.88
707
4.54
Over 10
years.
Year yea
1923 86 44
8847 8 11: 9648 In 1928 the female cases were than 46.9 per cent. of the total cases. while in 1924 they were 88:07 per
been 86, 204, 324, and 395,
MILD
RABIES.
OUTEREAKIN COLONY"
rest not upon Treaties re- July 21 Until the reports of the three lactantly accepted" (by whom?) July 28 Judges appointed to enquire into but upon "such provisions as may August
be freely accorded by China as a August 11 the incident of May 30 come to Sovereign Power and agreed upon August 18 hand, it is unwise, if not impos-in equal conference between August 25 sible, to attempt to consider the China and Britain.
They also Sept. 1 express their willingness findings. We know that the
The incubation period accept such rights in place of typhoid fever is variable, and of British and Japanese Assessors extraterritoriality
notifications exonerate the principal police be accorded in
are made at very The following table shows the 1922 £2 similar different stages of the disease, number of cases of typhoid and 1923 officers, whilst
Sach the American manner.
declarations
some being comparatively early paratyphoid fevers for the years 1924 Assessor attaches "some blame" can only embarrass tre and the others late, while some 1923 and 1924 classed according In Kowloon the deaths for the
Powers at the moment not only of to Mr. McEuen, and that both he internal crises in China but of cases are only diagnosed post to sex and age over and under 10 years 1921 to 1924 inclusive have and his colleague have resigned numerous 'influences being
years. and that the Shanghai Municipal brought to bear on the Powers to Chinese cases of typhoid and differences both in age and sex During the year 1924 the non- The two years show noteworthy Council has made a compassionate agree to the abolition of extra paratyphoid fevers were 42.8 per distribution.
territoriality. They overlook, do centum of the total cases while grant of $75,000. This particular these same missionary bodies, the during the year 1923 they ware enquiry has been interesting in incalculable value
of extra only 28.8 per centum of the total that it has served to illustrate the territoriality to their own mem- cases. conception of legal attitude and erally throughout China whilst during 1923 was therefore heavier
bers, as well as to foreigners gen- The incidence of the diseases. 1924 procedure observed on the part of that country is in a state of chaos. amongst the Chinese the distinguished legal represents. They likewise conveniently for- amongst the non-Chinese... tives of three different nations get that, whenever serious trouble
PUBLIC CO-OPERATION. has arisen menacing the life and ing been no epidemic ware com-
Moreover in spite of there hav-centa British procedure is generally property of foreigners, it is to the parable to that of 1924 attribut-tribution of the population is due geon states in his annual report:
While the difference in sex dis-
The Colonial Veterinary Sur known, and possibly Japanese Treaty ports and further south able to some commen source of to the fact that it consists chiefly follows much on the same lines aries trek
to Hongkong that these mission infection the actual number of of adult males who are labourers, Throughout the year several
Dogs remain unmuzzle It is, for instance, difficult to exception to their assertion to the 1923 exceeded by 17 the number divided between the two sexes, first appeared to be rabies occur Nobody can take cases which occurred during the children being more equally suspicious outbreaks of what at imagine Sir Henry Gollan, the Chinese Minister in London of for 1924. Chief Justice of the Colony, dis- "their desire to abstain from is- Towards the end of the dry derance of male children over investigation, that these
there is probably a slight prepon. red. It proved however on cussing or hinting at the case in of justice and public business." supply of water caused the Chin- being given amongst the poor At the beginning of
terference in the administration season in 1928 restriction on the female children owing to less care were not rables but hysteris public offering observations of They are permitted to work in ese to collect water during the people to the preservation of however, a case of rabies occurred a seemingly controversial nature China through the tolerance of hours when it was procurable female infant lives than to the in the hill district of the Isl
and at the close leaving a letter previously indicated, they enjoy hydrants in buckets and various The excess of female over male of a mild outbreak which it is to
the Chinese Government, but, as from house taps and street preservation of male infants. This proved to be the forerunn for publication on a certain date. special advantages over ordinary improvised receptacles and store cases under the age of ton is be hoped-is now over. Yet, this was done by Mr. Justice foreigners, however much they the water throughout the remain therefore not especially indica-other "foc!" have been discover Finley Johnson. Before the issue date.to accept Treaties made be Such a state of water shortage tion amongst the females than the evidence at hand, it
may be "reluctant" at this late der of the day. of the findings of the three Judges,tween China and the Powers. Let may therefore lead to accidental amongst the males appear possible that the cause of
tive of greater chances of infee up to the end of the year Bro it was safe to predict, on what them take to heart the words of contamination of water after its lines Mr. Johnson's report would tish cannot trust any leader in public fountains. Ma
the London "Times" that the Bri- delivery from the house tape and tion of cases amongst children in which started from some point on The difference in the popula- this outbreak has been a dog rest. We are not familiar with China at the moment; therefore,
the two years le remarkable. In Praya Dast and following a zig-zag American legal procedure. Mr. there is no one with whom they distribution of the cases either as per cent. of the Chinese cases and infecting other animals which No evidence based upon the 1928 the children provided 87.16 course, crossed the Island biting Johnson's conduct we have no car condently confer either in regards place or time existed while in 1924 they only amounted it met en route. Public alarm was doubt was strictly in accordance regard to extrater
riality or which would suggest that water to 11.64 per cent. any other problem.. with the legal etiquette of havin
from any given aource was speci
caused at the outset through the fically contaminated before de- that the source of infection in a man who had been bitten This adds support to the view unfortunate death from rabies country, although it clashes with
livery, nor were the cases suf- the year 1923 when there was no the first case of the series: that strict sense of aloofness and Work is a dall thing-Miss Rose ficient in number to suggest that epidemic wave as in 1924 super-alarm was not altogether ground- Impartiality associated with Macaulay.
all the sources of water were imposed on the usual curve of in- less and has ensured the co British ideas of holding the The brain does not see, of bear,
contaminated
Excluding cases of deaths e.g, the necessity during a short valuable in dealing cidence, were of domestic origin tion of the public scales of justice. All this mayor foc, nor does it plan or hope or from violence and sudden deaths ago of water of collecting and disease as Tables presuppose the idea that thera
lov, Bir Oliver Lodge
the bodies examined at the public storing it in any available receps legislation has been who have not been under the care The number of non-Chinese Colony of doga mortuaries, are those of persons tacle hibiting the importation of qualified medical men. These deaths ascribed to typhoid and Shamees and are mostly from the poorest paratyphoid fevers, for the years with the written. people living under the least 1914 to 1924 (excluding tha favourable conditions of domestic years 1916 and 1918) were as
Colonial Veterin atlun Yat the water supply follows:
vered is of the same qual
THEY SAY THAT
is in Mr. Finley Johnson's utter- Habits are hard to break in an ancés much to condemo. There individual in a nation infinitely is nothing to condemn. There
harder. Sir Charles Allom. is much to applaud and much that It is not a crame to we would wish to drive home. We but in my opin or it is
Judge Bir Thomas
refer in particular to his letter to
I am not one of those who beli the shuttere up. thad this old country needs to
Dr. J. Fox, the Editor of the "North China Star. The situa- tion, said Mr. Johnson, "demanda Thomas, M.P.
solution
solution can be made at the:
of the bayonet, nor by
der and lead
ot be made in secret:
cannot be a
Vely senotified
1915 1914
There is
number of
maventer
cases
ber
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