1924-09-02 — Page 2

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DWARFS OF

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SCIENTIFIC.MISSIONARY'S RESEARCHES:

Singapore, August 20-Fr. Schebesta, a member of a group of a religious and scientific character among the aborigines of the Tierra del Fuego Archipelgo, is now among the dwarf-tribes-of-the primeval forests of the Indian province of Perak. The "Catholic Herald" publishes some lengthy extracts from a letter written by this priest-scientist.

The learned missionary is at present.on_a_tour of exploration which has led him to the dwarf tribes who live in the primeval forests of the Indian province of Perak. Little has been known so far of these races of difficult accessibility, and nothing definite of their religious notions.

DWARF TRIBES.

In Fr. Schebesta's letter, he reports on his experiences with the dwarf tribe of the "Sakai," a harmless, shy clan, living In forests difficult to approach. Their civilization is primitive.

"The Saka!," Fr. Schebesta writes, do not know the art of pottery. They boll the rice in tubes of bamboo, but their ordinary "food consists of frults or roots which are dug out with pointed sticks, pared off, and roasted on fire. They seem to eat little meat, The dwarfs are very clever in using the blow-gun with which they hunt small animals and birds. They seldom use the bow and

arrow.

"Their religion seems to be a sort of crude monotheism. They worship sonic supreme being called Karci. In one instance I got a very interesting answer to my question what Karel was. Always I had heard the same answer, that he was thunder or the sun or that he was living on high. In this particular instance, however, a young chief- tain gave me the answer that Karei was like a pengulu (cheftain) or raja (prince). He was living on high, and had made everything: inen, trees, stone, etc. He some- times thundered and demanded blood.

During heavy thunderstorms blood actually is offered to Karel. This is done only by women. They slightly cut their shin, take water in their hollow hands, mix it with blood, and throw it up.

MONOGAMISTS.

"The dwarfs of Jeriam and Jahai bury their dead-but those of Bukit do not they leave them unburied and ran away for fear of diseases. The dwarfs are nomads, and wander about with their camps,,, as their need of food may dictate. Each family has a hot of its own. Monogamy is practised generally. In this region one case only is known of a Sakai who had more

than one wife and this one has adopted Malayan customs to a great extent."

Interesting is the description tho missionary explorer gives of the country which is the home of these tribes: "There are no roads leading through the forests, only pathways trodden out by men and elephants. As rain pours down every afternoon, one Can travel only in the forenoon. (Fr. Schebesta has been living as missionary and explorer in Portuguese South Africa for seven years), but much damper, so that you are continually, wet elther from perspiration or rain or the waters of the rivers, for you get too tired to take off your clothes when passing again and again through the many brooks and rivers.

as

· TIGERS AND SNAKES. "The tiger is to be found in these forests, but is not feared much as is the elephant, which in some regions appears in large herds. Poisonous snakes are numerous. One day our raft was chased by an enormous watersnake __swimming_at: great speed. We could keep it off only by the use of big poles,

"But the most terrible thing for the traveller are the leeches. If not pulled off they will not fall bafore they have sucked their fill of blood. The wounds they make bleed heavily,"

"I

I now plan," Fr. Schebesta goes o," exploration of the drawf tribes

living in adjacent Siam, and as soon as I shall have sufficient in- forination I intend to settle for some length of time in a suitable place to study the language customs and Ideas of sympathetic, tiny people."

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EDUCATION CONFERENCE

PERSECUTION

SOVIET AND RELIGION.

the

same

Rize July 9-Bishop Nikolai London, July 15-A large and who has earned fame by his distinguished audience, including disclosures, has now received a Bolshevik many delegates from overseas, telegram from the The airiship R 33, sister ship of gave cordial groeiing to the Duke Synod, in which the President of the famous R 34, which flew across of York when yesterday he the Synod, Budokim, and other the Atlantic and back, is being ference on Education of the bishop that they attach no import

declared open the triennial con- members foform the revolting conditioned, with a view to under- taking an experimental fight to League of the Empire, which, by ance to his repentance, which they India and back either late this permission of the provost, is being presume was induced by the White held in University College. Guards. The telegram proposes autuinn or early nextspring, writes Lord Parmoor, Lord President of to Bishop Nikcial that either he Major W. T. Blake, the air corre the Council, was in the chair, should go to America or return spondent, of the "Daily News. It may be remembered that the After a humorous reference to his to Moscow. At the same time, Labour Government decided not early education, his Royal High- Eudokim states that the position ness alluded to the wide range of of the Patriarch Tikbon is hopeless, to carry out the Burney, scheme, topics to be discussed and to the and that he has been removed but brought in a modified scheme

must from the administration of the of their own. It is under this influence the conference scheme that the partly-dismantled have throughout the Empire fo the Eastern Patriarchate.

In reply to this communication R 33 will be reconditioned, and task of moulding the characters Fine Punched Hongkong Granite two airships of 5,000,000 cubic-feet of the cfiizens of the future. The Bishop Nikolai has sent to the capacity, length 760 feet, and Conference which concludes on Bolshevik Synod a long address diameter 110 feet, the largest in the 19th inst., has on its agenda which he commences by confirm- the world, will be built.. The R 33, a long list of distinguished gentle-ing his repentance, and by suggest- the Bolshevik bishops which is only 643 feet in length, men who are to act as chairmen, ing to

The Chairman, in opening the that they should do the with a diameter of 79 feet, is now at Cardington, near Bedford, but proceedings, explained that the and redeem their sins before the she-will-be moved to Pulham so League of the Empire dealt with Church and the holy Patriarch that work may proceed on the en-many-matters-of-importance to Tikhon. He goes on to accuse largement of the shed, where one the Empire, and particularly with Eudokim of violating all the new aerial giant will be built. At the encouragement of unity and canons of the Church by the so- the same time work will be begun. loyalty In relation to education, called Synod, of being in complete and especially in regard to the subordination to the Bolshevik either at Howden or Barrow, interchange of teachers, there was Five, and of consenting to the the second giant ship.

work of the highest value. This changing of churches into licentious. 10 Bishop. Modern Haroun-al-Raschid.

was the road along which the mile clubs According stanes marked stages in the prNikolai's information, the Bol- According to a writer in

gress of peaceful co-peration. By shevik Five who are in charge London newspaper, the Maharajah this road they hoped to arrive of religious affairs in Moscow of Gwalior, who is now in London, at, the goal of a deeper spirit consist of Trotsky, Smido- has a hobby which is a most of mutual-Intellectual understand vitch,

well-known 4x- unusual one for Oriental

only monk Kalkin (known' in civil life ing. This spirit could monarch. He loves to dress in old tend to further a greater know as K. Goreff), Vasitchoff, and clothes, slip out of his hotel with edge of the value of human Tuchkoff. The last-named is in out the knowledge of any of his intercourse among-kinsmen, which charge of the secret department of suite, and ride round London on in its development Was

a the G.P.U. (Che Ka) in matters the top of an omnibus. He

permanent safeguard to ensure affecting the relations of the Church generally chooses the evenings for that kinsmen in all parts of the and counter-revolutionaries, and these trips, and confesses that Empire should share in common thus manages to carry out, through London by nights seen from ideals and in an instinctive mutual the President of the Synod, 30 omnibus top, fascinates sympathy, be ever ready to resist Eudokim, all the decrees that are him. The Maharajah, adds the at the outset any growth of dis-wanted. same writer, loves playing Haroun, integrating movements in what he al-Raschid in his own dominions, might call our common family, who have specialised upon the im too. Once after a night ramble in iife. He alluded to similar work portant subjects upon which they disguise he was returning to his in connection with the League of are to speak. New developments palace when he was challenged Nations, and said that in a number in education are especially to by a sentry. He explained who of the preceding conferences the receive your attention, and I am he was, but this tale was not good enough for the soldier. The end question of the interchange of convinced that the deliberations of it was that the ruler was kept in teachers had held a prominent which are to take place in this place. In a reference_to_thebuilding will prove of tremendous Home for Overseas Teachers assistance to each of you in he said it was a matter of dividually, while the educational much importance and immediate systems throughout the Empire urgency. It had the strong recom- must of necessity beneßt consider mendation of Queen Alexandra ably from conferences of this and of the Prince of Wales and ofcature. In your hands is the re- many others. Further contribusponsibe tank of moulding the char- tions would be gratefully received. acters of the citizens of the future, A shell cast by a glant lobster The schemes of the League for and it is now generally recognised at the Brighton Aquarium-the Imperial Education had been that the existence of the State, not largest specimen ever seen at widely accepted, and the time had merely its welfare, depends to a the institution has been sent to come when a centre should be very large extent upon the con the British Empire Exhibition, provided in the Mother Country, One morning recently the aquar There could be no better way of lum authorities found what giving practical expression to this appeared to be two enormous desire to promote the unity and lobsters in a tank where the loyalty of the Empire than by previous night there had been aiding to strengthen the silken only

the second bonds of intellectual sympathy "looster" being.of course, the dis.and the peaceful spirit of mutual carded shell. The "skin" of the understanding. lobster, being hardened likt bone, i The Vice-Chancellor of London cannot give and stretch as the body University, (Dr. E, A, Gardner) scheme for the interchange of grows within, so that the animal extended a welcome to the teachers the league is doing a great

moults'

when all the organs delegates on behalf of the service. It will necessarily be enlarge. The inner soft layer of University..

some time before the full benefit skin, hardening, becomes the new THE CITIZENS OF THE FUTURE." of this undertaking can be felt, shell. First of all, the shell cracks The Duke of York said: I feel but it is certain that the labours across the hinder end of the back, very diffident in rising to address expended upon it will be more and through this small slit the such a gathering as this. It than justified by the results. I lobster works Its tedious way. really is not so very long ago that have much pleasure now in declar- The rear part first emerges, even one member of the profes-ing this conference open, and I followed_by_the_ "chest "sion which is so well represented wish all success to your discussions. and head; the process being here to-day was able to fill me (Cheers.) a delicate and dangerous business, with the utmost awe. (Laughter.)

The Right Hon. C. P. Trevelyan, seeing that the claws, linb-jointe, However, I am emboldened by the M. P. (President of the Board of eyes, antennae and jaws must all fact that at this moment the old Education), in an address of wel- be drawn from their narrow order is reversed, and that I stand come, said that at this moment in casings seemingly impossible here to sir my own opinions, to England we were passing into a feat Until the new akin has which, perforce; you must listen. I period of expansion as regarded hardened the creature is in great can only hope that you will give educational energy. The relative danger of attack from its enemies, them more attention than I lethargy and parsimony of the last

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scientious performance of your duties. The influence which is exerted on our history as a nation by the profession to which you be long entitles it to be held in the highest esteem. It would not be fitting were I not to refer to the debt which the cause of Imperial education owes to the League of the Empire. I am sure that in the

and instinctively seeks a safe did on the occasion of the few years was giving, place to retreat. On one occasion, at the discourses of the leamed gen- hope and larger generosity. The Brighton Aquarium, a cònge reel tlemen who were responsible | training of teachers was a problem was observed to swallow a newly-for my early education. of great and immediate insist emerged loster in two bites, (Laughter.) I have been looking once... We had not realised that through the agenda of this..cop-In sending out teachers to schools ference, and it seems to me of all kinds they should be sent that there can hardly be "an out with the best culture that could "Will any sane person believe important educational problem of be provided. In Scotland, oven that a typical Scot has run a school present-day interest which it is the teachers in the elementary for three years at a dead loss?"not your purpose to discuss. You schools had a university training. whimsically asks Mr. A. S. Neill, are to debate on such diverse Here, he regretted, only a very the famous author of " A Domiale's topics as the interchange of small percentage had that quali- Log," who writes me (says a teachers, the Dalton system, the fication. He hoped leurn from "Daily News," writer) that he finds training of defective children, their discussions the lines On it hopeless to continue to attempt trade schools, citizenship, and the on which we should proceed in to create a great international observance of Empire Day, and order that we might have trained school at Rosenau, Austria, you will all have the views of those "There is no freedom at all," he says. "I have to follow the Austrian laws of 1869. Iam bring- ing my school to England this summer"

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There is a pathetic Thin weakly infants and small children history behind this vallant effort are usually victims to stomach or bowal to build up a new kind of school, trouble. When this condition has been The one thing that struck him with English as the instruction set right it is astonishing how quickly language, German spoken at the the little ones put on flush and start to most about the teaching profession thrive. Their pallor and frotfulness was that we did not give them dianer table, and French taught gives plane to rosy, happy, health. For the best education we could. with the rest of the subjects and infantile stomach and bowel, al'ments There was a danger, owing to the rhythm and handwork advancing there is nothing to good as Baby'a uwa side by side with general educa- Tablets, the Canadian children remedy small interchange even in our own tion. The school ran for two years are nanimous in their praire. Bere is fore, of restriction of outlook,

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