1923-11-02 — Page 1

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AT

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ESTAB`IKHED

November 2, 1928, Temperature 50-

Barometer 29 30. Rainfall. 000 inch.

Hamidity: 40:

November 2, 1985,

Temperature 68.

No. 19 023.

五鞞齡 號二月一十年三十二百九十一类:

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OVEMBER 2 1943

日四月九亥癸次年二十圜舉中

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blein in South Africa, was allowed to fester much longer it would become a questioned foreign poltoy of such gravity that the unity of the Empire might founder irretrievably thereon.

Sir Sapru, therefore, carnestly trusted that Gen- eral Smug would not refuse to cooperate with bin "NOT A NATION OF COOLIES,"

In attempting to discover a solution and would agree to the appointment of a diplomatic agent to be sent (Beuter's Service to the China Mail.)

by the Government of India to South Africa to protect Indians there and act as an intermediary betweeen them and the South African Governments LONDON, November 1.

Hand put the Government of Ladia is full possession The text of the meeches at the Imperial Con the facts relating to Indian nationale rering ference on the status of the jana in the Empire the bemorandum General S.nuts circulated to the has been issued. Viscount Peel, Introducing the conference, Sir Sapra said General Smuts was ask- subjeri on October 24, emphasised that the solutioning the Donition Prime Ministers to treat the res- of the problem was essential to the preservation of olation of the 1921 conference as a scrap of paper unity in the Empire. Opinion in India was come and pass an absolutely new resolution with the pletely unanimous in regard to the matter because object of reserving fullest freedom to each Domin- Indians regarded the disability under which their foto pass its own laws regar ling franchise, countrymen labourelsewhere in the world as a brand Prudence prescribed the limits to that constitutional of social inferiority. Viscount Peel recalled that India right. Whenever they passed a law affecting the contributed 1,400,000 men and over two hundred aftertance of subject to sovereign and the corres millions sterling in the war. India was sitting there ponding duty of the sovereign to protect the subject on equal terms with the Dominions and was accepted they trod on very dangerous ground. Sir Sapru be by the League of Nations as one of the eight great-lieved the British Empire stood for justice and est industrial states in the world. It was the intenequality. He asked would they make a place there tion and ambition of Indians to share the glories of or India. Indians and coloured races would the British Empire. If opinion in India was dis regarded, how could India be expected to co-operate wholeheartedly in the great work of consolidating the Empire. The scope of the problem, apart from South Africa, was not very great. There were only 2,000 Indians in Australia, 600 in New Zealand and 1,2001 British Columbia. Viscount Peel reaffirmed what was stated at the conference in 1921 In regard it as subtle and contrariwise.. He declared it was a to India's complete acceptance of the Dominionssm. All he said therein was that there was one right to determine the composition of their own. British Citizenship over the whole empire, but it was community. He urged the Dominions to consider profound mistake to derive rights of franchise the matter generously. Jus ice and expediency combined to make an appeal which was surely irresistible. The time had come when these dis abilities should be specifically removed.

-

ever be kept within the Empire forcibly but by preserving and safeguarding their sentiments. If Indians' aspirations for self-government and equal- the Dominions and Colonies were fulfilled atta would stand shoulder to shoulder with them through thick and thin.

Sir Sapru denied. the description

of

from such citizenship. He contended that the franchise did not depend upon British citizenship. Only in India this position was not understood. He thought where there was distinction between British Citizenship and the exercise of political rights carried into actual practice as it was in, South Africa, no citizens of the dominions or Indians, not geuing those rights, should regard it as an indignity

Hiljare be tanca # Dominion." DUKE OF DEVON

INDIAN DELEGATES' APPEAL. Sir Sapru said he was fighting the cause of his country. As a subject of the King he was fighting for a place in the King's household and would not be content with a place in his stables. Indian all-or reflection. Al egiance to the throne was a real and living thing MAHARAJ OF ALWAR and if that allegiance was shaken to its foundations Maharaj of Alwar urged that India the entire fabric would be shaken with consequences should be given an assurance of more rapid ad difficult to overstfinate. The one function of the vancement towards self-government. He opined Imperial Conference was to bring about good une that self-government could then be achieved early derstanding between the units of the Empire and and smoothly. Ho eloquently pleaded for a strengthen the ties uniting them. If the Conference. failed to achieve that then it failed to justify itselnedying of Indian grievances in the Dominions and Colonice - He believed the Indian Government existence in the eyes of the Empire. Entire frank would be prepared to enter into a mutual under- ness was absolutely necessary in order to achieve standing to prevent immigrants flooding the that end. Indians and the Indian Government had Colorless Rinally he specsredine advisòtrillof received the Kenya decision with the utmost poisy blo dismay and, falt a serious blunder had been made but he believed wise British strescianship: would snon recognise the mistake, Indians and the

The Duke of Devonshire on behalf of the Indian Government would not accept the decison as final. There were about one and a half million British Governmtat, accepted the principle of Sir Indians now settled elsewhere in the Empire, and Sapru's request but emphasised that the Government they were subjected in many places to grave politi would not consent to reconsider its Kenys decision. cal and economic disabilities. He paid tributes to He pointed out that any questions affecting Indians the Government of New Zealand for treating in the Colonies and Protectorates should firstly be Indians on a footing of equality so that Indians discussed hy the proposed committee with the could live there as fellow-citizens in honour. The Colonial Office, who would then consult the Colonial disabilities of Indians in Australia were also con- Goverament concerned before any decisions were paratively small, Indians hoped legislation would taken on the subject. There must be a clear under soon be passed to enable them to exercise-the-fran standing thereanent. The Government cordially- chise and remove the disqualification in regard to welcomed the pronosal of the representatives of invalid and old age pensions and the minor disabili-Indl as far as the Colonies and Protectorates were tles in Queensland, West Australia and South concerned. Australia. He hoped Mr. Bruce would extend him .. the hand of fellowship in that regard.

He wȧs Mr. Mackenzie King emphasised that Canada- willing to cooperate with Mr. Brice to devise was most anxious to help the solution of the pro- methods for the solution of these difficulties.

DOMINION VIEWS

J

blem. He would be surprised if, dealing with the question in a spirit of appreciation of each others' difficulties, the Conference representatives of India and Canada could not work out a thoroughly satisfactory solution,

Sir Sapra said the most difficult part of his task was South Africawherethe problem was most serious. There were 161,000 Indians in South Africa whereof only a few thousands were politically enfranchised while they also suffered severe economic handicaps and the Union Government was contemplating.. Mr. Bruce declared that in viaw of the position legislation providing for compulsory segregation of of Australia and the consideration given to the Indians in urban areas by restrictions upon owner question, a committee such as that suggested by Sir ship and occupation of land. Dealing with the Spru, was unnecessary. He promised to consult position of Indians in the Colonies, Sir Supru said his colleagues when he returned to Australia In he hoped the Colonial Office wou'd very regard to what action could be taken. Mr. Mussey, sympathetically consider the grievances of Indians on behalf of New Zealand, endorsed Sir Sapru's in Tanganyika before arriving at a decision. As proposal. General Smuts expressed the opinion regards the administration of mandated territories, that the atmosphere for a solution of the Indians could not acquiesce in any position making question had worsened in. the last two years. or likely to make their status inferior to what it was It had undoubtedly become worse in South when those territories were administered by Gr Africa, partly owing to the visit of Mr. Sastri many. Referring to the resolution of the Conference while South African sympathy in Kenya had in 1971 Sir Sapru said there was a growing sentiment va y serious renercussion there on the whole

WHITE SOUTH AFRICA.

in India against emigration. We don't want our Indian question. He thought that the Kenya settle nation outside India to appear as a nation of coolies. meat was a wise compromise but the attitude of the We have had enough of that? There was plenty of dias Gaversment thereanest greatly perturbed scope for energy for Edits in India, therefore then. The whole incident had a very bad effect in Dominions need have no fear thereanout. He asked South Africa. what steps the Dominions, apart from South Africa, had taken to hour the 1921 agreement. He admitted the difficulties but Lidia was absolutely unable to acquicace in the present position. There fore he earnestly appealed to them to loin him a davising methods intended to give effect to the principle of equality embodied la the resolution.

SIR SAPRU'S SCHEME,

General Smuts. emphasised the difficulties from the African view point as very great. It was not a testion of colour nor the inferiority of Indians, but the case of a small community finding itself In dinger of being overwhelmed by a much older and more powerful civilisation and economic competi- tion by a people with entirely different standards and Sir Sapru then outlined a proposal that the view polits. Were South Africa with over 6,000,000 Dominion Governments concerned and the British natives, one and a half million whites,160,000indians Government in areas under their direct control, mostly la Natal, given equal manhood suffrage, it such as Kenya and Uganda, should appoint com would mean that the whites in Natal would be mittees to confer with a commitee which the swamped by Indians, and whites all over South Government of India would send from India to ex Africa would be swamped by blacks and the whole plore the avenues and determine how best and soon position for which they had striven for two centuries the principle of equality implied in the 1921 resolu would be surrendered. It was a question of the ex- tion might be implemented. In order. not to pre-istence of White South Africa. judice the enquiry, any pending anti-Indian legistaTM No government could tamper with the position tion should be stayed until the report of the joint or do anything to meet the Indian view point. Mr. committees was available. He explained that he Fitzgerald said Ireland sympathised with the wanted committees to be appointed by each Indians but was not entitled to dictate to other Dominion within its own borders to confer with the dominions with regard to what they did in their committee appointed by the Government of India; own areas... which would visit each Dominion. That was his

"appeal to the Dominions, except South Africa, and

.}

SIR SAPRU'S APPEAL

to the Imperial Government as regards the Colonies: Sir Sapru, in reply, said he hoped that if India He urged that this would give time to calm the decided to send a Committes to Australia to submit angry passions in India and create a more hopeful the case for the Indians, Mr. Bruce would not refuse. feeling in India and enable all of them to bring all to accept that Committee,

De Judon of the problemHe declared there, could not be twon kads of and absolutely safeguard the Independence of the citizenship.bigher and lower, in the empires, When: Dominions. Sir Sapra then appealed to General |.. go to your country and satisfy the requirements of Smute as a hymanitarian to help false the status of the Franchise Law, you have no right to tell me that Indians in South Africa. He also appealed to him because I am an Indian subject of His Majesty, I am as an Imperial stateeman trying to bring peace to not entitled to exercise my parliamentary rights." the world. Is he going to exclude from that hippy missión bis country and mine? If the Indian prov

(Continued On Page Scho

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