1923-08-08 — Page 9

WEDNESDAY AUGUST 8 1928.

·THE FAR EAST.

VITAL ISSUES IN CHINA,

PROBLEMS FOR THE POWERS.

China

In his second article the special correspondent of the Morning Post, examines the present altuation in He points out that Japan cannot be blamed for seizing the many opportunities afforded to her for developing her economic interests

In her neighbour's territory,

THE THREE DICTATORS. China is at the

moment

Republic which has its seat of Government at Peking as in the days of the Empire, but without the prestige that the old Imperial Government enjoyed throughout the country.

There are at least government on theirown, and only fall in with the wishes of the Peking government when it suits them. These three are roughly:

(1) Manchuria and Northern Chihli,

THE CHINA MAIL.

EXECUTED.

FAMOUS GENERAL'S

-DAUGHTER.

The

daughter of

General |

She replied: "I cannot accept mercy from the bloody hands of the executioners of the Russian people."

HARD TIMES.

signia of a revival of trade. In LATEST SHIPPING NEWS, TRICKS OF THE TRADE T

August the up-river traffic flourish. ed, and numerous chartered junke

WOCHÓW'S WORST YEAR IN loaded with general cargo arrived

FORTY.

READY FOR TRADE REVIVAL.

The

ARRIVALS.

Hok Canton, (Hong On) from Fort Bayard.-Co's Wharf.

Sun Li, (Po On) from Macao.-- Co's Wharf.

A

Hatching, (Douglas & Co.) from Swatow-Co's Wharf,

Lima Maru, (NY.K.) from Singa

pore-Kowloon Wharf,

Tascalusa, (St. Oll Co.) from San Francisco. Laichikok.

Protesilaus (B. & S.) from ́Cebn. -A.2.

Dukat, (Li Bing Kee) from Borneo.-B51.

Soo Chow, (B. & S.) from Amey -B12.

Kashing, (B. & S.) from Hongay. -C18,

Kansu, (B. & S.) from Swatow Gleniffer, U. M. & Co.) Shanghai.-AI

B56.

DEPARTURES.

SHORT MEASURE FOR

„A CUSTOMERS,

DANGEROUS PRACTIORS,

Detective Sub-Inspector. Lang, the police officer in charge of weights, measures, dangerous goode etc., brought four summoned. against "various shopkeepers before, Mr. C. D. Melbourne this morning, all resulting in fines being moted out.

Street, Hunghom, was fined $5 for A tailor's shop at No. 76, Wubli

half an inch short and was not brass- having a yard measure which was tipped as required by the regula

tions.

become wet through the rain and That the strings of his scale bad

from thereby unbalanced the scale was. the excuss put forward by the master of a vegetable stall at Aberdeen. Inspector Lane told His

ment of China under .one head, backed by all the great nations of the world, on terms of equality, Japan would have no chance of

from Nanning. Motor-boats, too, securing more than a proportionate

resumed trade; and in addition to ahare of all the riches which she

the heavy cargoes carried by these can see awaiting her and it is there-

boats, junks loaded with cargo were fore not entirely to Japan's Brusiloff, the "Red" Army

Politically and commercially the towed by them to and from Wu- advantage to wait for other nations to support law and order in China. Commander; formerly the Com your under review was the most chow. This state of prosperity did The Chinese themselves are by no mander-in-Chief of the Imperial unfortunato when compared with not last long, and in the middle of means unfavourable to the white races; they would make all they Russian Army, has been executed any your of the last two decades. September the trade suffered a set- The political unrest in the province back by fresh political unrest, and can out of them, take loans from by the Bolsheviks at Moscow.

of Kwanga has, throughout the the Wuchow-Nanning traffic was them, and where possible, give She was found guilty of con- entire year, had a most disturbing again obstructed owing to constant good honest work in kind in ex- cealing sacred vessels belonging effect, and frequent interruptions of commandeering of motor-boats by change for such loans. They are to the Church of Christ the Saviour traffic on the river by ruilitary the military at up-river places. BEWILDERING SITUATION. an ancient race, who necom

The situation during the fourth aplished a great civilisation while in order that they should not fall operations, ravages of uncontrolled the Western nations were still in into the hands of the Bolshevist soldiers and bandite, and other

causes both above and below Wu-quarter of the year was bewildering infancy. They do not like the authorities.

chow reduced trade to the smallest and appeared fraught with danger. Japanese in spite of the fact that

In consideration of the services proportions. The year commenced It was thought that Wuchow would they are of the same Asiatic

seamen's strike, which again be the centre of trouble be brotherhood and have been their of her father to the "Red" Army, with a closest neighbours for so many Mlle. Brusiloff was informed that originated at Hongkong, in which tween rival armies struggling for three main camps which carry on hundreds of years. But education a petition for pardon would be fall the Wuchow boats were involved the supremacy of Kwange.

excepting the motor-boats trading feeling of unvest in business circley and observation of the world are

considered If she to Nanning, Steamers on the Wu-and aniong the multitudes intereased gradually making the Chinese favourably people desirous of asserting presented one,

chow-Hongkong and the Wuchowas large bodies of Cantonese soldiers China's place in the councils of the

Canton run ceased to ply for a spell were despatched continuously from

Yunnan, (B. & S.) for Holhow-Worship that the scale was ten per cent, against. the purchaser and a of 66 days and 80'days respectively. down river and consignments of nations, and they have an object

August 8. Mails to and from Canton had to be ammunition arrived, and many in-

Khiva, (P. & O.) for London, fine of $10 was inflicted.

Fines of $25 wore inflicted on two carried and tranehipped by various habitants quitted the port for places Singapore. August 8. passenger junks and launches trad- of safely.. Towards the end of the

Reims. (Tai Woo) for Hoihow. shopkeepers of Main Street, Aber- deen and Wu Pak Street respec- August 8. ing between diferent stages on the year the troops of the Kwangsi 1st

Division at Tengyün under Lin Dardanus, (B. & S.) for Shanghai.tively, for not having a properly West River.

The second quarter of the year Chan-buan who had been an adher--August 8.

sank well in their premises for the then opened full of promise for a ent of Ch'ên Ch'iung-ming in co- Lima Maru, (N.V.K.) for Yoko-storage of kerosine. Each shop is

with Unfortunately, operation

other Kwangahama, Shanghai-August 8,

allowed to have 10 tins or forty gallons but they must be stored in revival of trade.

u well owing to the danger from the Two Kwang provinces again commenced a campaign against disturbed local pence. The return Ch'en Ch'iung-ming and march-

fire. According to the Inspector both down to attack Wuchow,

defendants had thoir stock piled up of Dr. Sun Yat-sen on the 16th ed April from Kweilin on his way to The town became panic-stricken,

[at the back of their shops, amongst Mukden and the surrounding Canton with 40,000 men of his ex-and refugees crowded qu steamers

charcoal, rice, oil, etc. Chinese politics an admirable op country, with its large rice crops peditionary forces against the North leaving for Hongkong or Canton. portunity of seizing both the goose

undeveloped mineral caused no little an: lety to the public But, fortunately for Wuchow, there and the eggs. Southern Manchuria and its and the regions round Mukden in wealth, is indeed the key to North during his short stay in Wuchow, was no fighting, as the Cantonese particular afford a very good China and to any future Govern- His soldiers forcibly occupied local army and gunboat retreated with example of Japan's legitimate but ment at Peking, and the Japanese

porary quarters and then coming of the 28th December evacua-months, of the third quarter showed portunity. The first thing, indeed, having put themselves in such a mandeered all Chinese steamers on tion was complete, and on the and Ik. Tls. 15,531,140, the figures relentless grasp of any such op can in no sense be blamed for shops and dwellings for their tem-out making a stand. By the even-

to following morning the town fell into for the year under review being the that must impress any traveller, position of security there. Their the Hongkong or Canton run at the present time who arrives in actions have been perfectly natural Muk den must be the complete Jap and straightforward, and that they carry them to Canton. At the be the hands of the invading army, who enallest on record since 1968. anese control of this area. Nomin- are not economically in harmony ginning of May all the Cantonese styled themselves "Yunnan and Compared with the preceding year's ally only masters of the Southern with the future wishes of Westem troops of Ch'ên Chiung-ming were Kwangai Allied Forces," Wuchow figures, every bruch of trade Manchurian Line itself, the Japan- nations is not necessarily Japan's called back to Canton from various was thus once more brought under diminished considembly with the places in Kwangsi. On pussing the Kwangsi regime after having exception of re-exports, which have esc by a vast expansion of lines,

All over China, from North to through Wachow the commander of been ruled by the Cantonese for one increased, mainly by the value of collieries, agriculture lands, and industrial settlement, have practi- South, Japan has trade agents of a these solliers extorted from the yon at a month. The money goods reshipped to Hongkong or cally captured all the trade of China perfectly legitimate kind, engaged Chamber of Commerce a sum of market has been constantly distur- Canton for safe custody during the

outside the wail" (that is north of in buying foodstuffs, raw materials, $50,000 before he would guarantee bed, and a feeling of insecurity and troubles.

Different issues of military Shanhaikwan) up to the Chinese and everything that may be neces- the city against looting. Kwangsi, discredit prevailed throughout the Eastern Railway at Changchun, so sary to further her interests. These with the exception of Wuchow, was year.

(2) Chihli to the Yangtse Valley. (3) Southern China where the predominating influence is Canton, The leaders of these three military dictatorships are, Chang Tso Lin in the North, Wu Pei Fu in the middle, and Sun Yat Sen in

lesson in Japan of an Asiatic race which won for itself a position of equality at the conference table and even an alliance with England.

She was therefore shot.

...

the South, none of whom really adverse to the idea of looking to in Japan's assistance, which will however, fresh political unrest in aride and the Yunnan troops,

unet.

caros much for the so-called Central Government, except as the warming-pan for the bed in which if fortunate they may hope to sleep. On the fringe of the central administrations of all the three leaders, hordes of disbanded or unpaid soldiers roam the country, taking what they will and exacting a livelihood at the point of a bay These are the so-called in a recent train outrage, no longer bandits who from time to time, as scruple to lay hands on foreigners they see any chance of profit As a natural result of this law- lessness most of the better-clucat ed and more Europeanised Chinese have transferred their interests,both Business and financial, into the Treaty Ports, where judging by the customs returns trade is, in spite of the prevalent anarchy outside, increasing by leaps and bounds. The Customs administration, in-

thereby.

THE GOOSE AND THE EGGS. Chinese opinion, therefore, con- fident in its own powers of ab- sorption of all races, is by no means Japan for assistance against the trade domination of the white ones, and Japan, knowing this, sees in the present shattered condition of

aims in Mukden, or definitely call bind him to them forever as a guid pra quo.

fault.

KEY TO NORTH CHINA.

Gleniffer, J.-M. &. Co.) for Hamburg, Singapore. August 8.

Yelzan Mara, (M.B.K.) for Tal koo.-August 8.

Sekkow, Maru, (0.S.K.) for Sai- gon.-August 8.

Alaska Maru, (O.S.K.) for New York, Keelung. August 8.

THADE'S WONDERFUL VITALITY."

His Worship remarked on the danger of fire and pointed but that there had been several serious out- breaks at Aberdeen in recent years.

COMMERCIAL.

HONGKONG NOTES AND

COMMENT,

PIECEGOODS.

Further transactions in light:

woollen goods for the coming fall are reported. Genuine trade s

to have made its appearance at last as some of the goods were paid for and cleared for outports. There is no activity in other winter goods.

form of Government in China Mukden directors as regards their not always popular with the Kwongsi soldiers, who, under the the people have proved a source of derful vitality in the face of adverse fancies have been rather dull. deed, is practically the only stable that even orders from the Peking scattered citizens of Japan, though then entirely recaptured by the bank-notes which were forced upon tuiste year trade lins abown won-i and bookings in next spring cotton

to-day, and it says much for the inherent wisdom of the Chinese nature that this efficient and entire ly non-political machine is never interfered with.

Lin.

SHIPPING FIRMS JUFFER.

or

пексе

CHINESE BOYCOTT.

EFFECT ON JAPAN'8 ́TRADE,

Comments from Japanese sources

January

`EXPORTS.

However, through this unfor

nevertheless left name of "self-governing Troops, trouble to hankers and merchants circumstances. Repressed and line, carry but little weight unless Chinese, are approved by Japanese authorities severely alone, and it is mare that had on one occasion attacked this and affected the trade to no small obstructed to the extreme, it was always ready to revive whenever at Mukden, as well as by Chang Tso any outrage even by bandits, is port, but were repulsed by the re- extent.

practised on them, as in the case of maining Cantonese troops. During

and quietness prevailed. foreign citizens. This is not necessarily to say

The reason for the fighting local bandits or uncon Of various businesses which have Needless to say that, given normal Chang Tso Lin is a willing servant this is obviously that Japan's controlled soldiers. availing themselves experienced hardship during the bad conditions and a fair degree of THE RAILWAYS. A of Japanese policy. He is a leader tiguity to China is such that within of the opportunity, looted the town, times the shipping firms appear to security in the interior of this pro During the last twenty years of great military ability who con

a few days, even hours in some causing great loss to the merchants have suffered the heaviest the vince, trade will not only revive have already been reproduced, saya railway developmeuts in China trols this area very well indeed and places, she could place troops in a and inhabitante. For fear of fur-p'ing-ma-hang, commission quickly but expand enormously, the Japan Chronicle, but they do have been extremely rapid, and by acts as a kind of "Warden of the position to enforce her prestige, as ther troubles all the shops not only agents, through whose hands the The river conditions below Wuchow not exhaust the points of interest concessions to British, American, Marches" to Peking, but he has in the historical instance of Ger consed to do business but also had greater portion of the products of bave been satisfactory, and the concerning the trade of Japan in the French, Belgian, and other in doubtless unconsciously from time many's occupation of Shantung.

their goods re-exported to Canton or Kwangs finds a ready market at Dosing Bar, or, Suntan, did not first six months of the present year, The logical outcome of loss of Hongkong. terests, a very considerable rail-

to time made use of Japan's assis-

Wuchow, were affected severely obstruct shipping during the low- Only the monthly figures can give way system has been evolved tance, in his scheme, and is life or liberty to any nationals in

TOWN DESERTED.

owing to non-arrival of these goods water season. The river rose very a just iden of the sharp turn for the which has done much for the inter beginning to find their in China at the present day must be nal trade of the country; a study cubus very difficult

Almost half of the population of from the interior; the timber and high on two occasions: first, on the worst that trade has taken. The Power or shake intervention by the to

the Customs Te of this system will show how off: He is, indeed, in aPowers concerned, unless and the town fled, and all local officials firewood trade has also suffered 22nd June, when 68 feet above zero following are future penetration must take effect. very sorry position, since the until, China is in a strong enough-the Magistrate, Chief of Police, from similar causes but to a lesser (lowest water recorded in 1899) was turns :— Until the Washington Conference Soviet forces having now reached position to control her own people. etc.-quitted the port, leaving it extent. The gross and net values reached; and again on the 10th Wu-of the trade of the part coming August, when the highest water of Japan had one large territorial Vladivostok, may at any time try

If the Occidental nations do not uncontrolled for some time. finger in this commercial pieto force the sinister transit of the take combined action in restoring chow thus remained under the Can- under the Maritime Customs con- this year, 50 feet 2 inches, was re-

The lowest point touched February that is the occupation of the Shan- Chinese Eastern Kallway when he the fallen fortunes of China, they ton régime up to the time of ita trol amounted to Hi. Ti 11,952,197 corded. tang peninsula with the railway will either have to tackle them are, therefore, opening the door to evacuation, which took place almost and Hk. Tis. 9,770,710 respectively, was 11 inches above zero, which from the coast of Tsinanfu. By a himself with a defeat spelling com- Oriental action, which is far more at the end of the year. Owing to as against the corresponding figures was registered on the

nagnificent gesture she

comparative quiet, the first two for 1921, viz., Hk. Tis. 17,325,886 14th, and 16th Morch." there piete surrender to the Japanese likely to achieve tbls result. abrogated her rights and de jure restored this 'portion of the country to China herself. In Southern Manchuria, however, she has still as a result of the Russo- Japanese War control of the rail- way from Dairen through Mukden to Changchun, where the Chinese Eastern Railway takes over the Northern traffic. Japan's lease of the Manchurian Railways was ninety-nine years, so that for all practical purposes she may be con- sidered to be in entire occupation of that sphere. In the Yangtse Valley and south of it, Japan has at least two great aims: the perma nent control of the great coal and iron fields of Hanyang opposite Hankow, and the exploitation of Fukien by a railway to be run from Foochow up, to Nanchang, where there is already a connecting line with Kiukiang and the Yangtse river.

The Yangtse Valley was for a great many years practically a British sphere of influence and Japanese trade had only a reason- able share in what was going. She has now collected most of the old German trade of this area and stands there in a position of equali- ty with England and America. If she could consolidate her position there and obtain the lion's share of influence, and if at the same time her island fortress of Formosa could effectually dominate the rich hinterland of Fukien, she would be well on the way to control the China trade in the South-East and Middle well as in the North-

as

East by her remaining business interests in Shantung, and in the North by the Southern Manchurian Railway. With these four fingers Etretching ever further and further into the inferior, all that is profit- able in China except Kwangtung and Yunnan would speedily fall into her grasp with the Yangtse Valley assured to her, European and American trade at Shanghai | would have to fight hard for Ita position and the amazing wealth of Szechuan would be exploited in a way which no white hation has ever been able to attempt.

THE OBJECT LESSON. Now it must be apparent that With a stable and solvent govern

(PROHIBITED ANCHORAGE

SULPHOR CHANNED

STD dil, car WHARF

STONECUTTERS ISLAND

QUARANTINE

ANCHORAGE-

BANGEROUS GOODS

› ANCHORAGE.

Он

13

MAGNETIC

PAIRWAY

KWONG MI LUNG SUP AND WORKS

COSMOPOLITAN

-DOGA

(YAURATI

1 DAY

YAUMATI SHELTER

822, 5 O O O S u ŏ. Si

ANNDWAGE

20

HONGKONG HARBOUR SHOWING MOORING: BUOYS.

MAN DE WAR

KAULUND

WAR

GRACE

MOLT'S WHARF

HUNGHOM

KAULUNG

DOCKS

CUST. ROCK

BUOY.

1923.

1922. ...95,311,000 Y87,270,000 122,921,000 101,420,000

March

191,888,000 114,078,000

12th, 18th, AprilTM

160,029,000 129,679,000

May

114,848,000. 155,481,000,

June

109,803,000 147,118,000 IMPORTS,

January

February

April

May:

203,410,000 178,786,000

June

............ 209,498,000 130,802,000

149,528,000-178,806,000)

....... 106,287,000. - 197,543,000 March........... 190,641,000 207,844,000

180,000,000 188,991,000

Among the principal exports for five months re

EXPORTS. Aquatic Products,

Hongkong

China

Kwantung

15,000 2,781,000 Colton Yarn.

Hongkong ...

China Kwantung Hongkong

china ........ Kwantung

1920. Y2,508,000 501,000

1922. T1,598,000

587,000

2,272,000

1,668,000

Cool.

0,838,000

288,000

28,000 2,437,000;

22,171,000

03,082,000,

2,760,000

tie co

5,628,000

*10,129,300

Matches.

CHHE A64ཅནVVe**

216,000

219,000

07,000

87,000

580,000

1,230,000

Colton Goods.

41,118,000

40,049,000

Kwantung

sse 6,558,000

8,040,000

Hongkong... 0,891,000

4,283,000

Paper

Chins

3,108.000

1,049,000

·945,000

1,000,000

Iron Goods,

2,884,000

555,000

601,000

Kwantungn, Hongkong

China

6,

KELA E7.450

CAUSEWA

SHELTER」

ATP. COT.

SHARE

Kwantdig Hongkong

chiam

Kwantung '*.** Hongkong

548,000

The Admiral Oriental Lineri. S.S."President Jefferson," which is due at Hongkong August. T arrived at Yokohama August 6 This steamer carries a heavier. mall for Hongkong from Seattle than any steamer which has arrived here during the past five months."

Testhing mhidren, Toothing children, bere more be lega diarrhoes, which can be controlled by giving. Chamberlain's Colio

that DarThorsomedy. #procmary id to give the-prescribed ideo after each operation of the bowale more then natural and then castor, ofl: cleanse the system. It is safe and suché Even the most severe and dangerous ouses are quickly cured by it. by wil Chenil:ta and Storekeepe