1922-02-03 — Page 8

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INDUSTRIAL WAR IN AMERICA.

'Phone 1500.

THE FIGHTERS.

THE CHINA MAIL.

Civilisation is largely

a means of reducing the number of fights that take place among men. A country is which most of the people fight each other most of the time is regarded as an uncivilised country. The average Englishton thinks of Mexico as un- Loivilised because bits of Mexico always

Beso to be fighting other bits and police seem never to interior. The Englishman regards internal fighting as odious-a revival of barbariam He will occasionally find cxouses for a mob that shares his prejudices of the moment and behaves violently

B

tended with 'anna show of reason that small and preposterous a thing as a they are chiefly expressions of war between Perugia and Assisi would to day. Frenchman would pugnasity-the pugnacity that found acem expression in taction-fights in all parts forget all their old antipathies in a of Ireland till the middle of last wider pugnavity, and would regard century. No doubt the pugnacity the Germans as their glorious allies in has been kept alive and reinforced by the war for the liberty of small sectarian passion. But the fact remains planets. that fights as bitter took place in parts

We doubt, however, if the mass of of Ireland in which all the fighters men will be willing to wait for a war were of the same religion. There with Mars to put an end to wars wate two famous factions, among themselves. They will not known as the Two year-olds and the accept too readily the pessimistic Three-year-olds-called, it we gemen-view that the only 'alternative to ber right, after a heifer about the age, pugnacity is more pugnaoisy. For one of which the dispute originally prone thing, it seems clear that, in the evolu who fought each other for genera tion of society pugnacity has been towards people whom he dislikes. But tions like kingdoms at war. We have transmited, not only into warlike, but he loathes the idea of settling great also heard of the boys in oua Protes-into peaceful forms. Men nowadays public questions by fighting... He is tant street in Belfast engaging in confight each other in the law courte, suspicious both of reactionaries and stant skirmishes with the boys in the whose great-grandfathers would have of revolutionaries, who talk of blood next street which was also Protestant settled their disputes with pistols, of Sharples, and instantly, of course,

Dose, absorbed a vast amount of the the good effect of the President's flowing under London Bridge. He tells and, though no blood was drawn, Politics and business have bimilarly

himself that we have got past all that except perhaps, from

there were all the elementa of natural pugnacity of, men. Except appoal was undone. Order in thehend sort of thing, and he sens in an

international affairs, peaceful outraged patriotism in their mutual in was restored by Federal troops, who “BIG BUSINESS” «. THE LABOUR have since orcupied the disturbed England at war with itself the pro-hatreds. Nor is this desire to fight pugnacity is the general rule of the spect, not of the triumph of this or area in large numbers. No one see that party, but of the rain of the your neighbour & peculiarly Irish civilised world, and civilised men have characteristic. It is an almost un-universally submitted to the com- to doubt that the present comparative

country. Strange that he should

iversal characteristic of human beings promise by which people who do not The war upon the labour unions in

of England and the pertoumont truce West Virginia, as this story shows, is being carried to the uttermost ex among all classes of its citizens! Ining to get ud of. Glasgow, we be the same planet as if they did. Apart the days of the so-called Heptarchy love, bad something corresponding from this, to doubt that the world tremity. The mineowners rely upon the problem of the unity of England to fretion-fights at the beginning of can over put an end to its internal

variety of methods. The guamed,

took place no freely at election in death struggle with another planet cult than the problem of the pacifica maintained by two or three of those must have seemed scarcely less diffi- the last century, and the fights that was until it is engaged in a life-and- terrible detective agencies which are

Northumbria, Mercia, and Wessex as amusing to read about as any the human reason. There are, we among the womt terrors of America bo of the whole world seem to-day. England in the eighteenth century are would be to doust. the existence of are always at work. So is the reach fought, not for the unity of faction-fight in Ireland. Still, the agree, good grounds for doubting its faction fight is one of those extreme existence. There are great crines at waynen. The other the mine war markable system by which the com England, but for its own supremacy instances which almost force one to which it unquestionably disappears,

control the officers of in West Virginia, for the moment panies

and the elected beads over Eagland. Everywhere men be-

lieved that the best politica was fight the conclusion that, in the last like the sun going under the horizon. suspended-must be described as the the low

the local administration. It

ing. Were it not that human beings aualysis, men fight for fighting's sake. Yet it would be folly to wail over though it most appalling outbreak of its kind, of

They always must have a pretext but the setting at any rate since the Colorado coal is admitted by the State Attorney ultimately grow tired even of fighting, without it they would fight on some were gone for ever. And, like the

Both are General himself that they hold the Manchester might be sending troops incidents in the great drive af Big entire machinery of public administra against the Five Towns, and Little other pretext. The history of Italy aun, reason usually retarus. Ever Business to break the power of labour tion in far, levying a tax upon every hampton assisting in a war against especially rich in examples of fighting for fighting's sake. In the Middle ton of mal produced for the payment Clacton-on-Sea even to the present Ages there was no town in Italy so of the officials, the detectives, the

It is a curious fart, that, though small that it would not seek and find pecasion for a war with some other armed mine guards, and an immense scheme of espionage. Further, they men have discovered that there is an

town. Assisi is a little town built as employ against the uaions the

alternative to fighting in so many of

UNIONS.

Social and industrial warfare is the quiet will not outlast their présence. take for granted in this way the day which it takes generations of train- like each other can live as securely on

dominant fact of the United Stater to-day. That terrible fact cannot be disputed, and two aspects in especial ard just TOW presented to the American public. One is an example of the usual industrial struggle the threatened strike of two million rail

War seven years ago.

unionista.

The violent stage of the West Virginis struggle began in May, 1920, when the movement to uniouise the

day.

חזור

BB

when it is entirely obliterated, it is exercising an influence that we cannot measure. More than this, reason, it seems to us, plays an ever-increasing part in human affairs. It may be a small part, hut, even so, we doubt

mine workers of the two chief ming method of legal injunction. In two their relationships, they are still not though on a cliff. Twelve miles away, whether the inteligence and the

the coalfields of the State.

More

of time tour mining counties they

counties P gathering strength. There are, roughly, 30,000 min have tucceeded in imposing on the quite sure that an alternative to fight-separated by a level plain Perugia is conscience (which is the m... in

ing can be discovered in the wider another little town built on a steep telligence) have ever been so do

That is not so flattering that ball of them are enrolled in the contracts containing a phdge international sphere. Militarists, no hill. To us to-day it is inconceivable in the public life of the world as they

that these two tiny hille should make are to-day. not to join a union. On the basis of doubt, believe in the possibility of a

war on each other. Not inconceiva thought as at first appears. It is: United Mine Workers. The

able, perhaps, but such contracts the courts have for world. They believe they can bring

certainly merely an admission of the growth of bidden the union even to appeal for

Pessimis.& may tell

unionists are mostly in Logan sad last year the organisers of the union

entered upon & campaign to bring all members in the protected areas, white peace totheworld by putting the world ridicolons. Yet they did, as a matter a delicate infaut belonging to a

88

ue that no man living is as intelligent as Aristotle, and that our statesmen

of fact, make war on each other as delicate family. vehemently and as earnestly though they had been Rome and Carthage. They had no excuse that would appeal to a modern man. They

to the sword. Napoleon believed this: the men in. The mineowners resolved efforts are now being made to have Kaiser Wilhelm believed this. It the United Mine Workers declared an must be admitted that they had some to stop the movement. They an nounced that they won! dismiss illegal association per se. Injunctions grounds for their theory. The peace of this kind it is clear, can have no of most nations has been won through every man joining the union, and would evict their families from the effect on the position except to in fighting. Their unity bas at first houses owned by the companies. This dame it. And in the meantime the been the unity, not of goodwill, but had not even religious differences like they did, making use for the purpose gunmen are there, in greater numbe18 of conquest. The conqueror, it may

than ever. Disarmament is the

detective agency of Baldwin-Feita. Popular question of the hour. Never be said, ultimately governed them by when we read that St. Francia in his extended her boundaries since those

there a

are not the moral superiors of the statesmen of whom Plutarch wrote. the Shankill Road and the Falls speaking, not of individuals, but of the This may be true enough, but we are Road in Felfast. We sunile nowadays world at large. Reason has at least youth was wounded in a battle badays, and we see political intelligence tween the people of Perugia and the slowly developing in countries that a people of Assisi. A war between century ago seemed barbarous. It is would

men hopefully at Genova or Washing- Hampstead and Harrow on the Hit this increasing reason that gathers

a larger and more Brem dignilied affair. And even the ton, and convinces them that some-

Assisi and people of

Perugia how, some day, the problem of the of:absurdity to fight with each solved. Perhaps they will solve it in would to-day think it the height control of human pugnacity can be other in the old fashion. There may the end by discovering that Mars hae, be pugnacious people in both, bat, as a matter of fact, invaded us already. outlet for their pugnacity, some in existence already. It is Mara to-day if they are, they have found a new t is Mare to-day that threatens the international affairs and some in the that threatens the existence alike of disputes between the Fascisti and the France and of Germay, of Assisi and Perugia, of Belfast and Cork. There is a good case for uniting against BQ baleful and big a star. There is

our common destruction.-The New indeed scarcely au alternative save

Statesman.

Communists.

of gunmen belonging to the notorious

assent by giving them conditions is better field which life was more tolerable than it The miners found it impossible to surely was vindicate their rights, mainly for the fat a practical experiment than the had been when they were free to fight. Still, peace was usually born of the reason, as the press inquiries showed, coalfields of West Virginia.

At first eight it might seem that triumph of the strong. Egbert set that the mineowners were in complete! command of the county administra. the war upon trade unioniem must of out to smash his fellow-countrymen tion, and had the sheriffs and deputyn cassity stop short of the railways, as the best way of uniting them.

since the American Railroad Brother- It is thus not easy at first sight to ses sheriff: in their pay. The crucial in- cident of this first ing was a Pght hoods are among the most complete in a united England a prophery of a at the mining town' Matewan, where and powerful unions in the world. peacefully united world. Apart from seven of the Baldwin-Fel's men were But the fact rema ns that even here the fact that nuity was brought about killed. A miner named Sui latheld hopes are entertained of a decisive by fighting at home, we have also to and some twenty uthers wore tried victory over organised labour as such, face the fact that unity was preserved for the killing, and after a prolonged When the railways were returned to by the constant danger of having to hearing were acquitted, Hatefield, on private management, in the spring fight enemies from abroad. We do his release, was a here among the of last year, a tripartite Railway not say that, without this danger,

It is a rather melancholy thought, mthers. In June of last year he was Labour Board was created to deal unity would have been impossible. done to death by gunmen in the with questions of hours and pay. It Man has gleams of reasonableness, cost house of a neighbouring county. has been engaged in making awards and it may be that Englishmon would however, that pugnacity can only be That was the signal for the wild com- without the power to enforce them have grown tired of fighting each driven out of human beings by the paign or the mountains which was The recent reduction of 12 per cent is other even if there had been nobody substitution of what may be called a briefly recorded in the cables. a case in point. As a consequence, the else to fight. At the same time, peace wider pugnacity, and that worn will Shortly after the murder of Hatfield radroad companies have been dis- at home became ever more necessary cease to wish to fight the people in the the mineis from the unionised fields miss og men by the thousand while as an aid to fighting fort igners. Eng. next village only if they are allowed of Kanawha asserubled for an aggres several of the great lines have set up lishmen were not left entirely without to fight the people in the next coun- conciliation machinery, enemies, though they could no longer try. War between nations does not! sive watch into Mingo and Logan their own counties. They were an armed and with the obvious purpose of contract find them in the next county. They seem to be the ideal way of putting by no means undisciplined force.ng out of the Federal recognition of had still an outlet for their pugnacity. They were met by State troops and collective bargaining. This expedient, They had still an outlet for their de- mine guards, and for days the roun-coupled with the constant resort in sire for power.

In considering any scheme for in- tain range was afire with battle. It other industries to legal injunction roms clear that the miners went out against unions and strikere, has driven ternational peace we shall always take into account the to fight under a sere of intoler- Mr. Gompers and the American have to able wrong, and that they were Feucrution of Labour to take up the pugnacity of men. Pugnacity, we reaton, for a challeng: thrown down by the great fancy, has caused quite as many wars not impervious to safnsing thing happend. President industrial corporations. Mr. Gors as the love of power. Men are more Harong through the Governor of is conservative; and be is opposed to contentious than dogs; and religion, and West Virginia, ordered the men to nationalisation, on the ground that markets, and the other apparet themselves dispers and return home; and they more power to the Federal Govern reasons for fighting are usually mere that would undoubtedly unify the at per set out to obey. U. happily, meat would be an evil thing. But he ly the excuses by which they attempt the golant, always the instruments is now taking his stand with those to make their contentiousness appear of torrol, got to work again. As the who are convinced that o ganised reasonable. We often speek of the mines began their arch homeward labour is fighting for its life.-Man-Belfast riots as though they wore due to religion. We have heard it 'con- they began to shoot up" the town ohester Guardian.

BY COLLY- IT'S A SHAME MAGGIE WON LET ME

SMOKE NE ÄGE AROUND

THE HOUSE THERE IS NO PLEASURE

IN LIFE-

an end to war between villages. If it

is the only way, it raises the question whether it is possible to put an end

to war between nations at all. It looks as though it were impossible until the course of events brings about

a war between worlds. If Mr. Wells's

dream ever comes true-as, unhap- pily, many of his dreams come true! Inon from Mars Jaunch

the upon

Barth,

world as nothing eian could do. We should then have a League of Nations that would embody the pugnauity of man, and a war between France and Germany would at once' scem as

BRINGING

HERE COMES MAGGIE. NOW I'VE GOT TO GIT RID OF ME PIPE, SO OUT, IT GOES-

UP

MAN-

丰

FATHER.

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