1909-01-08 — Page 6

China Mail 德臣西報 中國郵報 All

Shipping.

THE CHINA MAIL.

Shipping

PENINSULAR & ORIENTAL STEAM NAVIGA-PACIFIO MAIL 8.8. 00.,

TION COMPANY,

WILL despatak VESSELS to the Undementioned FORTS on or about the

DATES med :-

FOR

STHEMERA

LONDON, VIA USUAL PORTS

ABSAYE

TO SAIL ON REMARKS,

Noon, Sth Bee Special Capt. C. L. DANIEL......Jan., 1909. † Advertisement

LONDON & ANTWERP, NILE

About 13th Freight and

VIA SPORE, PANO, CIBO, Capt. E. P. MARTIN, B... Jan., 1869. Passage.

PORT SAID & MARSVILLES {

SHANGHAI, MOJI, KOBE MALTA

AND YOKOHAMA, me

‚” About 16th) Freight and Chpt, W. R. Ez Manz ...JJan., 1909. Passage. ĮDEVANHA . -About 21st) Frolgat and SHANGEA............**Capt. W. HAYWARD, B.2.1.1.Jan., 1909. Passage. -

P.&O.. S. N. Co.'s Office,

JANADIAN PACIFIC

EA. HEWETT, Superintendmi,

RAILWAY COMPANY'S ROYAL MAIL STEAMSHIP LINE,

LUXURY-SPEED-PUNCTUALITY.

The outy Line that MAINTAINS & Regular Schedule Service of 12 Days ACTORS Saving 5 to 10 Days OFRAN TRAVEL, the Pacurio is the EMPRESS LINE, 12 DAYS YOKOHAMA TO VANCOUVER

U.S.

TOYO KISEN KAISHA, MAIE LINES.

VIA HONOLULU, ^

TAKING PASSENGERS AND CARGO TO JAPAN, THE UNITED STATES, MEXICO, CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA, AND EUROPE:

SEMI-TROPICAL ROUTE.

BAILWAY AND COMMERCIAL ENTERPRISE IN CHINA.

FRIDAY, JANUARY 8 1909,

Shipping.

INDO-CHINA STEAM NAVIGATION CO. ED.

At the 'London Institution on 30th November the Earl of Ronaldshay, M.P.. delivered a lecture on "Commercial and Railway Enterprise in China at the Dawn of the 20th Century." Lord Ronaldehsy, Tho has has recently travelled through+SHANGHAL, YOKOHAMA,Į POQKSANG... MONDAY, + SHANGHAI...YATSHING... SUNDAY,

PROJECTED SAILINGS FROM HONGKONG

(SUBJECT TO ALTERATION).

For

KOBE & MOJI

Етванка

.................ONJANG MONDAY,

**MAUSANG...... TURSDAY, TUESDAY TUESDAY.

+ SHANGHAI... HANGBANG

SINGAPORE, PENANUJ

{KUTSANG ...er' OALOUTTA

MANILA

TO SAIL

Jan, 10, Daylight

Jun 11 st Nood

Jan. 114. FK. -Jan. 18, at Noon.

· Jan, '19, at 6 EMU

THURSDAY, Jan. 14, at å rim, Jan. 15, at Noort.

FRIDAY,

YUENSANG FRIDAY,:

China, in the course of his paper, said :—

The country possessed undeveloped re- KODEK

1 BANDAKAN **** ******* sources of almost incalculable extent, which

SINGAPORE & SOURABAYA..CHUNSANG ware being sedulously hoarded up for SHANGHALOHIPSHING postarily. The Province of Kiangsi con- sisted of what was virtually one vist coal- | field, which alone could supply the world's need la the way of coal for thousands of years to come, and it possessed a mountain of iron oro three miles long and 400 feet higb, capallo of supplying 700 tons of iron ore per day for an equally lengthy period. Yet as showing how little these natum) resources were appreciated at present, old, warn out horse shoes from London

Only line taking the warm SOUTHERN ROUTE across the Pacino, via HONOLULU, fetched high prices in China quite close to un Oaxu, the most fertile and beautiful island of the Pacurio.

PROPOSED SAILINGS FROM HONGKONG (SUBJECT TO ALTERA'MON),

ŠTUARIO.

✔ MONGOLIA,

* KOREA...

27,000 Tone....SATURDAY, 21,000

......TUESDAY

.18,000 1 ...SATURDAY,

+ TENYO MARS

* NIPPON MARU

.11,000,

SIBERIA.....

,18,000

CHINA musi

10,200

MANCHURIA

27,000

+ CHIYO MARU

11,000

1 ASTA

TUESDAY, TUESDAY, ...TUESDAY, ..TUESDAY. ......TUESDAY,

SAILING DATES, 1999.

9th Jan., at Noon. 19th Jan, as Nood. 30th Jan., at Noon. 9th Feb., at Noori, 1th Feb., at Noon. 23rd Feb., at Noon, 3rd Mar, at Noon.

9:h Mar., at Noon,

9,000 ...SATURDAY, 16th Mar., at Noon.

The s.8. ASIA and CHINA carry intermediate passengers only

of

Jan 15, at 42

FOR THE MANILA CARNIVAL-Feb, 2nd to 9th, 1005. Special redused farm of $50 for Return Fessengers will be issued for our Sallings to Manila of the 29th January, and fith February, available for 30 days from date issue. Passengers taking out these tickets are exempt from the Head Tax

*Steamers have superior Accommodation for Futter Passengers, and asted throughout with Electrle Light,

+ Taking Cargo on Through BIla of Lading to fangtase Porta, Chefoo, Newchwang

Taking Cargo on through Bill of Lading to Kodak, Labad, Datu, Bimportan Ta, Uenkin, Jesselton and Labus,

For Freight or Fønigu, apply va

Telephone No. 61. JARDINE, MATHESON & Co., Ltd,

General Manamer

DOUGLAS STEAMSHIP COMPANY,

what is probably the largest iron ore mons, 755 tain in the world. The further obstacles at present in the way of any considerable expansion of trade with China, in Lord Ronaldshey's opinion, ace the restricted purchasing power of the people and the absence of madora masna of transport.

In

LIMITED.

this latter respect China is now HONGKONG-

making progress, and is improving her

means of communication.

Of all the

at intermediate rates, affording superior accommodation for that imports of China cotton goods find

class.

21 DAYS HONGKONG to VANCOUVER.

(Bubject to Alterations),

5.d SATURDAY, Jan, 16, 1909.........Feb. SATOEDAY. Feb. MST, 5. San TUESDAY, Mar;

Mar. 28.

the largest and the roadigst sale;

–SOUTH CHINA. COAST PORTS.

Hour of sailing from Hongkong 1 o'clock Noon, unless otherwise specifically stated, and yet Chins has home-made cotton IGHEST-Olace, Fastest and most Inxosion testers on the Coast, having

RECORD FAST TRIPS,

* Twin Screw.. t Triple Screw Steamer. LEAVE HONGKONG ARRIVE VANCOUVER Tokohama u San Frandeco.....6, KOREA, 18,000 tons.

11 daye, 11 hears and 5 minutes. Francisco to Honolulu......,5. SIBERIA, 18,000 tone,

4 days, 19 hours.

Beptember 16-27th 1905; August 18th-29th, 1905;

splendid Accommodation-for-First-Class Passengers. Electric Light and-First

cloths that are most durable, warmer, and Class Cuisine. loss expensive than the article of foreign manufature which satisfy the requirements of the poorer people, and which were thought good enough to export to Europe

STKAMALIP

HAITAN,

Fos

SATURDAY, Mar. 13pril 2 San Francisco to Yokohama..............4.4. SIBERIA, calling at Midway Islanda and Honolula before Arkwright and the spinning jenny | HAICHING... SWATOW, AMOY & BOUCHOW.

PROPOSED BAIKOS, R.M.S. EMPRESS OF JAPAN... 800) Tona EMPRESS OF CHINA... GO00 TONS MONTEAGLE

6163 Tons EMPRESS OF INDIA ... 6000 TONB

SATURDAY, April 10 April 30. EMPRESS OF JAPAN... 8000 Tox

1 May 22. EMPRESS OF CHINA... 6000 Tows SATURDAY, May

MONTEAGLE! at 12 noon. EMPRESS Stammehips will leave Hongkong at 7 am THE Jackest route to CANADA, UNITED STATES and EUROPE, csillag at 1 SHANGHAI, NAGASAKI, (through the INLAND SEA OF JAPAN), KORE YOKOHAMA and VICTORIA, B.O., connecting at VANCOUVER With a Special Mail Express, sed ab Quebec, with the Oouuouy's new palatial EMPRESSTM Steamanips, 14,500 tons register, thas providing a comfortable and speedy through route to Europe.

*

"

en-route, August 16ta-31st, 1905, 13 anys, 18 hores. Yokohama to San Francisco..., STEERIA, 18,000 tons, Oct. 19th to 23rd, 1905 revolutionised the manufacture of cotton

*8 days, 10 horre and 39 minutes.

goods. Both in manufactured cotton and in food China is really seK-supporting, and P. Steamship MONGOLIA he to TSAN FRANSISCU, NA SHANGHAI, W Jasratched from Ho the only other class of goods besides cottons HONOLULU, on SATURDAY, the 9th January, 1909, at Noon, taking cargunder the head of "sandries." In this that is imported in great bulk is placed for Japan and the Untoed States,

SPECIAL RATES (first class only) granted to Missionarion, Memburn of the Naval, matter of cotton goods Great Britain en Military, Diplomatis and Cir Services, and to European Afficials in the Service of joyed the lion's share of the trails. The Obina and Japan Governments,

Through Bill of Lading kened for treneportation to Yokohama and other Jupas trade in sundries was shared amongst Ger- Parts, to San Francisco, to Atlantio and Inland Oitles of the United States, via Overmany, Austria, and Americs, and to an land Railway, to Havana, Trinidad, and Demamera, and to ports in Mexico, Jentral and increasing estant by Japan. The value off Bouth America, by the Companies' and connecting Steamers,

For further Information as to Passage and Freight, apply to the Agency of the luter-Companies, Ke's BUILDING,

8. SILVERSTONE. Agendi,

Hongkong to London, let Ohs...via Canadian Atlantic Ports or New York £71.10,

Intermediate on Steamers.

£10.

£4m and 1 Class Railways... First-class rata to London includes cost of Mouts and Berth in Sleeping Car whils Grossing the American Coutinent by Canadian, Pacißo diroot line.

11

32

EMS MONTEAGER Carries INTERMEDIATE Pogers only at mediate rates, affording superior sccnmmodation for that Class,

assengers hooked through to all points and AROUND THE WORLD, OPECIAL THROUGH RATES (At olaw only) granted to Missionaries, Membara of the Navel, Military, Diplomatic and Civil Servfous and 1 Furopean Officials in the Bervice of Chins and Japan Governmente",

For further taformation, Maps, Region, fedbooks, Rater Fraight and Pa

D. W. CRADDOCK, sage, apply bo

General Traffic Agent for China, tis. Core Pandan Syazzr and]PRAYA, Opposite Bisks Pier.

the cotton trade was considerable, but he

ld not think it was by any means as

CHINA NAVIGATION CO., LD. babitants were clothed almost entirely in

SAILINGS SUBJECT TO ALTERATION

STE LMBES

TO HALL

At Noon

LEAVING

Capt. J. S. Roach, SWATOW; ABOY & FOOCHOW, FRIDAY, 8th Jan,

1 TUESDAY, 19th Captain Pastore, S

Jan, at NeoD. For the convenience of Passengers, Steamers will arrive at, an depart from, the Company's Wharf (near Blake Flex

For Freight and Passage, apply to

DOUGLAS, LAPRAIK & CO.

General Managers.

Hongkong, November 17, 1909. EEVISIOON

1666

NIPPON YUSEN KAISHA.

large as a superficial consideration of the potentialities of the Chinese market ang- gested it ought to be, for the 400 million EXTRA PASSENGER SERVICE NEW STEAMERS

EUROPEAN LINE. cotton, and surely here was means of a demand to keep the cotton milla of Lanca- shire going. There was an increasing FOR GENOA, MARSEILLES, LONDON AND ANTWERP, SINGAPORE, demand for fast black Italian and fancy

COLOMBO, SUEZ AND PORT SAID.

TSINGTAU, WEIHAIWEI & CHEFOO „SHANAI...Jao. 11, at 4p-Manchester goods-goods which pleased the SAMARANG & SUURABATA TIENZIJan 11, stays-and this trade was capable of con-THE Company's Newly Built: 2000 Tons Fassenger Steamers will be despatched from FAKHOI & HAIPHONG ............1 KUTTEIDE

18, at 10a.m. farther extension. Goods of Hongkong as follows ...Jan. 12, at 8p.m. beautiful finish, like those now being sup

PORTLAND & ASIATIO S.S. CO. MANILA...............TRAN

+ FOR MOJI, KOBE, YOKOHAMA, HONOLULU, SAN FRANCISCO

OPERATING IN ..

CONNECTION WITH THE

STEAMETIP

+ ARABIA

and PORTLAND,

OREGON RAILROAD & NAVIGATION CO.

TONH 4483

CAPTAIN

То Батон 1909. O. NEUMANN ......18th January, at 5 p.m. Through Bill of Ladlag food to Profi Coast Palate and all Haber, Osad and United States Felass. For through rates of Frsight and further Information. sommunicate with or apply to

2

5. SILVERSTONE, Agent.

MESSAGERIES MARITIMES

FRENCH MAIL LINES.

FORTNIGHTLY SERVICE TO AND FROM EUROPE,

Via SUEZ CANAL.

FORTNIGHTLY SERVICE TO AND FROM JAPAN,

For

Via SHANGHAL

STEAMREZ

SHANGHAI, KOBE AND POLYNESIEN,

YOKOHAMA ..................)

MARSEILLES, Vis Pos...TONKIN,

BHANGHAI, KOBE ANDĴOCÉANIEN,

YOKOHAMA

CAPTAIN BROG.

To BALL, 1908. Jan. 18,

p.10

CHARBONNEL, Jan. 18, at 1 p.m.

MACHEN. Feb. 1. p

REBUFAT, Feb. 2, at 1 D.m.!

TRANSHIPPING on the o. a Steamers at Sixe APORE for BATAVIA, at COLOKRO for CALAUTTA, BOMBAY and AUSTRALIA, at FONT SAID for the LETANT, CONSTAN KINORIS and BLACK SEA

MARSEILLES, Via Ponds SYDNEY,

Through Tickets to LosTex, vis PARTS, from £27.10 up to £71.10. 20 hours saliway from BlanssiLLEE to LONDON. Interpreters meet puusagers on their arrival in Marsollies.

For further partienlare, apply to

Hongkong, April 9, 1908,

P. de OHAMPMOBIN, Agent,

QUEEN'S BUILDING.

HAMBURG - AMERIKA LINIE,

-

TAMBURG,

1225

EAST ASIATIC FREIGHT SERVICE. ENGULAR SAILINGS FROM JAPAN, CHINA AND PHILIPPINES, VIA STRAITS AND COLOMBO, ITO HAVRE BREMEN AND HAMBURG, AND TO NEW YORK

MAKING Cargo at through Bates to all European, North Continental and Bribieh Ports, also Trieste, Lisbon, Oporto, Marseilles, Genos, and other MediterraÜENT, Levantine, Black Sea and Baltio Ports,

AND ALL NORTH AND SOUTH AMERICAN POAT Also via Aden or Port Said, by the Company's Arabian and Persian Service to Arabian and Persian Gulf Porta NEXT SAILINGS FROM HOFGKONG.

Outward.

Homeward,

For Shanghai, Yokohama & Kobe For Rotterdam & E'surk]

· 1900-

8.S. ANDALUSIA 14th Jan, 17th Jan. the Ja

BE SLAVONIA

8. SAXONIA,

6.8 SPRZINA

8th Feb.

For Further Partien dry, apply tô

| MANILAramismervuissas

TAMING

MANILA, ZAMBOANGA, PT. DARWIN

THURSDAY ISLAND, COOKTOWN,

Jan. 19, at 8p.med by the Bradford Dyers' Association, Kamo Maru (Capt. F. L. Sommen). About Tuna, 20th Jan.,

enabled the less wealthy to dress more

W

like the richer classes, whose attire Mishima Maru (Capt A. R. Most). About Wed., 24th Feb.,

CAIRNS, TOWNSVILLE, BRISBANE CHINONA......JAN. 31, st4p.. generally was of silk. Magnitude and

SYDNEY, MREBOURNE, with, tranship- ment for TASMANIA, NEW ZEALAND, ADELAIDE, FREMANTLE & PERTH)

ang

MANHA STEAMERS & FENTAIN STEAMERS have experies accommodation, with Electrle Eight throughouband Electric Fans in the Stateroot and Dining Saloon.

AUSTRALIAN STEAMERS invo uperior accommodation, with Elentele. Lagt throngbont and Electric Fans In the Staterooms A daly qualified Streson is carries Carga hooked through for all Australian, New Zealand and Tamsulan Ports.

SHANGHAI STEAMERS hare good Baloon Passenger accommodation and take cargo on throngh Bill of Lading to all Yanghen and Northern China Porta,

N.B.-REDUOKD SALOON FARES, Bingle And Retara, Tu Mantis and At straan Ports.

For Freight or Passage, apply to

Telephone No. 36.

THE 00.'6, 13. DAWIN MARU, Capt. I. SAKURAL, TERING MARU,

Capt. N. KABATABHI, BUJUN MARU,

Capt. Y. FUBRNO, 1

BUTTERFIELD & SWIRE,

AGENTS.

OSAKA SHOSEN KAISHA.

TAMSUL V SWATOW AND AMOY.

REGULAR STEAM-SHIP SERVICE. BETWEEN HONGKONG, SOUTH CHINA

JOAST, FORTS AND FORMOSA PROPOSED SAILINGS FROM HONGKONG,"

BUBJKOT TO ALTERATION. -

For

A GRAVING

SUNDAY, 10th

Jan, at 86.00. TUESDAY, 19th

Jan., at 4pm.. THURSDAY, 14th

Jen, Daylight. - SUNDAY, 17th

Deo, at 8 am *These New Storniera hava excellent Accommodation or First and becond-clace Passangers, and are fitted throughout with Footle Eight. First-class Cabine Andde shipe. Ustivalled Table

Taking Carge on through Bill of Lading to all Yangten & Northern China Posts For Freight, Famage and further Information, apply at the Do's load Branch Offeo, at BrooT FLOOR. No, L, QUER'S BUILDERS

T. ARIMA, Manayer.

* JOSHIN MABU;

Capt. Y. KABURJKI,

TAKAO (DIRECT) SHANGHAI, Via SWATOW, AMOT AND FOOCHOW, TAMSUI, V › SWATOW TIRE ATOX.

NORDDEUTSCHER

BREMEN

LLOYD

IMPERIAL GERMAN MAIL LINES,

Fon

STRANTES

NAPLES, GENCA ALGIERS】DERFFLINGER,

GIBRALTAR. SOUTHAMP

Caph. G. Meiners. TON, ANTWERP & BREMEN

SHANGHAL NAGASAKI, LUTZOW

KOBE AND ICKOHAMA ... MANILA, YAP, NEW GUINEA BAMARAL DRISBANE SYDNEY AND MELBOURNE

1962 YOKOHAMA AND KOBE........

5.5. DEN OF COIL... 7th Jan. For Havre and Hamburg

8.3. ISTRIA Tassimene 9th Jan, * 9,8. BARQELONA CA. Abth. Jeni 6.80. FERD. LAE182138th Jan, 5.6. SLAVONTA WA95nd 146. 68. ANDALUBLA

HAMBURG AMERIKA LINIE Hongkong Office

KUDAT AND SANDAKAN

For further Particulars, apply w

Capts O. Dewar,

PRINZ SIGTMUND,

Capt D. Lenz.

PRINZ · SIGISMUND,

Capt D. Lena.

BORNEO

Capt. Nembill

Norddeutscher Lloyd,

Carieral

TO SAIL. 1990

WEDNESDAY,

19th Jan. at Noon,

About

THURSDAY, 14th Jan.

THURSDAY,

at 5p.m. Aboud FUDAY

18th Jan

MBLOHERE & DO.

Hongkong & Chine.

importance of cotton overshadowed the Miyasaki Maru

whole of China's import trade, but foreign

About Wed., 24th Mar,

About Wed., 21st April,

CHEAPEST PASSAGE RATES TO EUROPE AND AROUND THE WORLD,

For further particulars, apply to

NIPPON YUSEN KAISHA.

B

{

Hongkong, December 30, 1908.

traders could only hope to dispose of Atsuta Maru their merchandise in proportion to the new tastes they introduced, the new wants they created, and the care they took to supply what the Chinese really demanded. This could best be done by employing the services of trained Chinese representatives as travellers-a system which had been adopted by a number of British firme. I was in the direction of improved com. munications that China was making most headway under the stinalus of her growing | ambitions. The first railways which were built were constructed, controlled, and owned by foreign Governments, but Chine

DETRATION.

NIPPON YUSEN KAISHA.

(THE JAPAN MAIL STEAMSHIP CO.)

Via

STEAKERA.

SAILING DATI, 1909)

WEDNESDAY, 2013

MARSEILLES, LONDON

AND ANTWERP, SINGAPORE, PENANG, BINGO MARU, COLOMBO AND PORT A.Christiansen, Tons247|| Jang at DaylighKE SAID.......

VICTORIA, BU,

TANGO MARU.

TUESDAY, 1915 Capt. 8. Ishikawa, Tons 7483 Jan, at Noon.

TUESDAVISTE Uspt. J. Nagas, Tous €444) Feb., at Noon.

SEATTLE Vis SHANG HAL MOJI, KOBER YOKKAICHI AND AKI MARU, YOKOHAMA

FRIDÁT Jan, 12,

at Noodi: 1909. FRIDAY, 19th

soon became alive to the danger of the PROJEOTED SAILINGS FROM HONGKONG SUBJECT TO ALTERATION, political weapone in the hands of the foreigner, After the war between Russia sad Japan the changed attitude of China towards Europe was reflected in her rail. way agreements. Since the Canton-Kow- loon loan agreement Ican contacts had bean arranged for the construction of two other important railways namely, for the Tientsin-Fukor railway and the Hangchow- Niugpo line. In those cases the leans were guarranted by the Chinese Govere- ment, but the railways themselves wero not mortgaged as security, and the Eur. SYDNEY MELBOURNE KUMANO MARU, opean experts had no position except that Vis MANILA, THURS Capt. N. Mathieson, Tors 3076 of employees in the service of the Chinese

DAY ISLAND TOWNS-1YAWATA: MARU, VILLE AND BRISBANE Capt. T. Sekine, June 3817 Railway Administration. Lord Ronald

(AWA MARU, shay expressed doubts as to whether KOBE AND YOKOHAMA...... British investors who invested their BOMBAY, VIA SINGAPORE money in recent years in Chinese

AND COLOMBO, railways quite understood the terms ander which it had been invested, and he suggest SHANGHAL, MOJI & KOBE od that something more than an Imperial NAGASAKI, KORE Edict would be required by way of guarrantað YOKOHAMA when China should next come to Hurope for money. Railways run under European engineers and Europeat accountants, would continue to be an exceedingly paying Through Passenger Tickers lanzed to the Principal Citier in concern, but Chineso administration - Canada and Farops, in connection with the Ganis NORTHERN BAL

Steamers: Round the World Tickets also lased; Between N ahecked by foreign supervision did not For further information as to Froight, Passars, Sailm

pany's Local Branch Office in Prince's Buildings, First Floer

inspire that confidence which was essential il capital was to be attracted instead of frightened away

OROUP IS IMMINENT No matter how well your children may pppear to be, you are never aufq without K bottle of Ohamberlain's Cough Remedy in the House It never fails to relieve and is perfectly safe to give the little ones. For sale by all chemiste and skatekeepers.

Don't Forget

TO ORDER TET

OVERLAND

UHINA MATIA

BEFORE SOLO HOME

Fot. at Noon

= { WEDNESDAY, 13th 1 Ospt. A. Keith Tons 38091 Jan, at Daylight,

CEYLON MARUTHURSDAY, JAK Capt. Fred. Payne, Tona 50081 January

Capt. T. Arakawa, Tons REST | Januery, 1 KAGESHIMA MARU SUNDAY, 19th

WEDNESDAY, 20th ANDYAWATA MARU,"

Cap, Haline, Tona 17 ) Jangan Nood ↑ Carga only.

Omitting Yoksicht. Fitted with Marconi's System of wirniem telegraphy

Hengkong, Kovember 21908

KUSUMOTO

MIYASAKI & CO.,

COAL MERCHANTS

HEAD OFFICE:

BRANCH OFFICESNIKURASHI SAMONOSTEL FAN

CAFLETADDRILKE

MIYASAKL applying

YUTAKA applying to Hongkapy: Branch of

The Head and Branch Offices l

JAPAN GOALS.

Y. KUBO

Comments

Approved members can add comments, bookmarks, and private notes.

No comments yet.

Private Research Note

Private notes are available after approval.