+
Zqywmli
CHINA
Haut
facuberry blonn qudi, coni odi yaitu
kuna king. Pet da
With which is incorporated
VOL. XXXIII. No. 4504,
AGENTS FOR THE CHINA MAIL,
LONDON-F. ALGAE, 8, Clement's Zara Lombard Street, GEORGE STREET, 30, w... Cornăill. Gouvon & Goran, Ladgate
Cireur E. 0.5 BATES, HENDI & CO
ESTAB Hongl
ening
BRO VIUATIBOD
SOTTOR
hot 7 qu10XIAL D 100 3 HOUTA 200
BATSWOZOAIE VAN JESENI
MAIL.
Shipping List." Published every Evening.
MXƒ=+at+ta^I-^ HONGKONG, THURSDAY, DECEMBER 6, 1877.
porerna hra jilated, paikatauk pasanga
Banks. Jural 100,00
For Sale.
nghinak, xot
Shanghai Banking Corporation in London, or no LANE CRAWFORD & Co.,
Hongkong and Shanghai, "after" which dates interest on the Bonds so drawn - will Cess 020ml foto zien
INVITE ATTENTION TỔ TULEE PISE LAY OF
CHRISTMAS PRESENTS AND DELICACIES.{\"
MNT PA
DRESSING CASES materia WORK BOXES. SCRAP BOURSEL PRESENTATION INKSTANDS. PIN TOILET SETS THA STATUETTES. Handsomely Bound"GIFT BOOKS. FRENCH DOLLS ROY PUZZLES.
NOAH'S ARKS.
SGENT CABINETS (-n) c0a4M BOOK ALIDES.
JEWELRY BOXES;
FLOWER MASERS
of
GLOVE & HANDKERCHIEF BOXES. MECHANICAL TOYS,
GAS
VORT STEAMBOATS--- DOLL'S HOUSES 9 TER
THE NEWEST COSAQUE ORACKERS, Ending. ORIENTAL COSTUMES, LE BAL MASQUE ELIXIR OF LOVE,
ZOO SURPRISE ORACKERS, POP THE QUESTIONäin asth REGALIA COSAQUES, DUI, BEDA AUTTS
1 Old Jewery, B.C.- BAMUEL DELOOK&The Loan has been authorised by, en ... Co., 160 & 184, Leadenhall Street, Imporial Edlet, dated 8th of October, PARIS AND EUROPE LEON DE BOSNE, 1877, which has been communicated to the
19, Rus Monsieur, Paris mod British Legation of Polri, according to NEW YORK-ANDREW WIND, 188, Nar-spatch from the British Consul at Shang sau "Aireste! WOON SAN SA hat, dated 20th October, 167750,000 KENYA WANAOMI Infilamun At The Losz, principal at interest 25 AUSTRALIA TASMANIA, AND NEW specially hecured by the hypothecation of ZEALAND :——Goanor & Coron, Mel- the Imperial Maritime Customs Revenge Ten Bourns and Sydney.
of the Ports of Shanghai, Canton, Ninggo, BAN FRANCI600@rand #Ainarican Ports and Hankow-the tour Ports which have For tenerally BEAN & BLACK, San Fran the largest Customs Revenue of the E. Her cunty, my 3 ya bik yolt a derek 23 pire-to the extent necessary for the dre SINGAPORE AND STRAITS –SAYLE & payment of interest and repayment of pri-
Co Equare, Singapore. O. HEINSZEN Dipal of the said Loan
The total Custom Receipts at the Parts & Co., Manila,
Sheramed for the past threp: years have CHINA-Swatow, CAMERALL & Co. averaged £2,008,500 per aumain, and, the Amoy, WILSON, NICHOLLS & Co. total Custome' Revenue for the same period Forchow, HEDER & Co Shanghai at all the Ports in China has averaged ARGIANNI CRAWFORD & Co., and KELLT £8,660,000 per annum og s PRENEWALSH, VXokohama, LANE, CHAT- The indebtedness of the Imperial Go vernment only timounts to about 2700,000, FORD & Com
of which about £250,000 mature next year. The amounts of the outstanding Loans and the proposed Loan are therefore, together” ̈ FEW CASES OF THE CHOICEST 300TCH WHISKEY – only 42,200,000, or about two-thirds of one years Customs, Revenue. The payments both of interest and 'principal on account of outstanding Loans have been duly sid puhutnally met by the Chinese Govern ment,
Banks.
BONGKONG & SHANGHAI BANKING CORPORATION,
1
PAID UP CAFIKA 5,000,000 Dollars *RBIERVE FUND 650,000 Dollars
UODEN OF DIRECÍons,
atman H. HOPPTUS, BLOK 1 Deputy Chairman-F. D. BASSOON, Esq. E. B. BELJLIOS, EKG. WILHELM REINERE, W. H. TORRES, Esq Hon. W. KESWICK, ED. TOBIN, Fig. AMOIVER, Esq.
Dog?
CHIEF MANAGEE. Hongkong...THOMAS JAURSON, Esq.. MANAGER me an Shanghal,EWEN CAMERON, Bay, LONDON BANEERS-London and County Bank
HONGKONG,
INTFEEST ALLOWED. Current Deposit Account at the rate la of 1 per cent, per annum on the daily
For Fixed Deposits -
For 3 months, 2 per cent. per annum.
*; 12: 55.. 6 por cont
"
LOCAL BILLS DISCOUNTED. Crédits granted on approved Securities, and every description of Banking and, Exchatige business transacted.
Drafts, granted on London, and the dblet Commercial places in Europe, India, Australia, America, China and Japan,
T. JACKSON,
Chief Manager, Dilces of the Corporation, on gula data di No. 1, Queen's Road East,
Hongkong, Angnet 16, 1877. OHINESE IMPERIAL GOVERN MENT EIGHT PER CENT. LOAN OF 1877, Authorised by Imperial Ediot, dated the 2nd Day of the 9th Moon, of III Year of KWONG-SU, (Oct. 5, 1877.)
£1,604,276, 0.10 STOOK, IN BONDS OF $100 ZACE, Bearing Interest from 81st December, 1877,
the first Coupon of £1.6.8 being payable on 28th February, 1878, and Coupons, of £4 being payable there after on Slet August and 28th February in each year, until 14th June, 1884, when the last Coupon of 42.6.8 will be payable.
drawings.
PUR LOFANOY BOXES OF CHOCOLATE.
CHRISTMAS CAKES AND PUDDINGS 11 yan) at
FRENCH PLUMSTAYEA DRAGEES. ****** CHRISTMAS EISCUITS, ALGUN
FIGS direct from SMYRNA. FRENCH BUTTERAZIONE
MINGE MEATION ELVAS PLUMS. OKYSTALLISED FRUITS. S BLOOM MUSCATELS. FRENCH JAMS
USA
EVER IMPORTED. HIP WI, sadlym I
SACCONE'S PUKE SHERRIES, at Low, Frloos. PURE PORTLIQUEURS. CHOICE OLD RYE WHISKY.
Hongkong, December 3, 1877.
FOR BALE
TUBORGS
FABRIEKER
97 per Case quarts.
B
50
JARDIET SIFAMË UDAL for opplystent collig s'yamsey t
The special hypothecation of Customs Havenue to meet the charge of the present Loan is constituted by the deposit with the Hongkong and Shanghed Hanking Cot foration of Customs Bonds, Elgred by the Chinese anthorities of the respective Pro vinces in which the Forts referred to are by nothing LANE, CRAWFORD & Cogn || 244 20 3 27 1. BATTLES & CD/ situated, and by the European Commlife (eraztunda. 15 Sole di gentium ablad: 291: Tim Keszajá sioners at the same Forts, which Bonds Hongkong, November 7, 18774, y de Hongkong, December 8, 1877meftred will be held by the Bank in trust for the
holders of this Loan, These Customs
30 por Case pluts op.
Bonds will be received, in case of need, indoors el Auctiona que made for writes of ga ada payment of Chinese Customs' Dutioncon
The Customs Révérné atailable to mineta PUBLIO AUCTION, MA i box r met thess obligations, and for which they are long at man musikantenflask mund tested a specially charged, is £2,100,000 por a numayan
Certified translations of the official doct authorising may be in moted at and one of the Hongkong and
Shanghai Banking Corporation, Lendous Applications in the annexedford, in companied by a deposit of £10 per cent will be received by the Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation, 81, Lam bard Street, London.
HE Undersigned has received instruci otiona from HM NAVAL STORE REEFER, to sell by Public Auction, on; FRIDAY,
redonnai jaioita, szur
the 7th December, 1877,
USEHOLD
ANE CRAWFORD & Co., have
Lived instructions, to sell by Public Auction, fanless previously dis posed of by Brivate Hain) ony- MONDAY,
the 31st December their Sale Room, I
二初月二十年五丁
* PRICE $24 PER ANNUH.
Shipping.
Steamers.
FOR MANILA (DIRECT.)
The Spanish Steampahip
MAUTANETE "Osplain Engurica, will"
despatched for the above Fort
FRIDAY, the 7th Instant, at Noon, For Freight or Passage, apply to
1. Y. V. SHAW, melatih terbang Agent,
Hongkong, December 4, 1877.
de?
FOR 'SWATOW, AMOY & FOOCHOW.
MOM The Steamship meny
“NAMOA,”
Capt, J. E. PONCHARD, WI
be despatched for the above Porta on BUNDAY, the 0th Instant, at
For Freight of Fassage, apply to ....
DOUGLAS LAPRAIK & Co. Hongkong, December 5, 1877...
* FOR SINGAPORE, PENANG ANDA.
HOALOUTTARAJAN STY Par The Steamship
ARGYLL,"
Shipping
Salling Vessels.
/FOR DUNEDIN (N. Amnin
irs. The 4.3, German Barque
MARIE
Capt FunMEISTER, will load here for the above Port, and have quick deapattiz yo yoon For Freight or Passage, Apply to
-ROZARIO & Co, Hongkong, November 14, 1877. AS.
FOR MELBOURNE & SYDNBY. The A1British Barques'
SEMPREZAS MEREL
Capt. SKIFTER, will load here, and have a quick dowpatch us RAE Inabotata sede buit For Freight, apple to make kat RAAMDE KHUIROZARIO & CA
Hongkong, November, 1, 1877, la @VIL
FOR NEW YORK
The A1 American Barkentine:: Rena IN KC98A MOSULTIN
C. E. BRYANT, Master, will load here for the above, Fort, and have early despatchzi mora to 200- For Freight, apply tolumaal kedua one? Vouse) RUSSELL & Co. Hongkong, December 4, 1877.
D. SCOTT, Commander, will ba despatched as above TUESDAY, the 11th Instant, at 3 pm.
For Freight or Passage, apply to GUJARDINE, MATHESON 400
Hongkong, December 4, 1877,
FOR SINGAPORE PENANG AND PANN RUAGE CALCUTTA,
The Steamship
"JALANT
fly
154
najet
FOR NEW YORK The American Bark COMENTAR GODDARD " HEAT SMITH, Marter will load *** here for the above Pork, and have early despatch
For Freight, apply to
Metal
RUSSELL & Co. Hongkong, November 20, 1877
Captain H A SMIDT, Wild leave for the above Ports on the filth Instant, at 8pm... For Freight of Passage, apply to
DAVID BASSOON, SONS & Co.,
BLoveAgents
Hongkong, December 4, 1877.
dell
FOR YOKOHAMA & HIOGO."
The Departure of the 8, 8.
BERTHALTET
is unavoidably POSTPONED till further notion, a
For Freight or Passage, apply to
WN. PUSTAD & CO., Buy Agents. Hongkong, December 6, 1877.
7 FOR, SINGAPORE, BRISBANE,
d to SYDNEY & MELBOURNE, "Calling of the chal Coast Ports torland
hot ke Malls and Passingera;)! «inia
*** The Bustern and Australian Mail Steam Co.'s Steamer BUS 4 NORMANBY” will be despatched as above
at 11 o'clock my st H. 1L, NAVAL YARD, 116
SUNDRY CONDEMNED NAVAL and VICTUALLING STORES, Com Applications from China, Japan, and prising on mustak vrvat Manila will be received and forwarded by OLD WROUGHT IRON. På pasi the Hongkong and Shanghal Offices of the Oz STEEL els achegan Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Garfiel OLD HOSES powita tak sendi | poration. Those from the Straits Settle- og "OFFAL-WOODJ inte ments and India to be sent to London.jy dan OLD BOATS, Wes
Default in payment of any instalment at OLD BUNTINkong, and Registered in the Land Offenses the due date will render all previous payed to O CANVAS RAGHI mente liable to forfeiture.
hammen.
Bit
The following PIECES or PARCELS of GROUND, with the Buildings created thereon.
AIMAK Audi Anahi Predo Or Parcel of GROUND, situated in Victoria, Hong
on or about the 31st Instant.
For Freight or Passage, apply to
GIBB, LIVINGSTON & Co.,
T
as the remaining portion of Isha Lor: Hongkong, December 5, 1877. No. 41, Autung on the North side
If no allotment is strade, the deposit will undry Condemned Frovisions and be returned in full; and if only a portion Clothing, han de ander on thereof on a Public Rosd, and Messoring MONTHLY LINE
LMAWEALED mode of the autount applied; for in allotted, the i mal ange
so, thereon 153 feet on the South side THE AUSTRALIAN STEAM NAVIGA- balance of the deposit will be applied to late di un e ,,, startis the payment of the amount due on.
TERMS OF SALE Cash before, deliver thereof on Section 2 of the aforesaid PTION COMPANYCH HAS THAN allotment.
in Mexican Dollars weighed at 7.1.7. All Inland Lot No 41 and Measuring thereof, will com ali te
East Mido 55 feet, an Sorip Certificates to Bearer will be issued lots, with all faults and errors of desorient and forty-
"For COOKTOWN and SYDNEY, taking Cargo against Allotinent Letters and Baukörstion, at Purchasers risk, on the fall of the thereof on a Public Band, and Measuring Receipts, and Bonds to Bearer, when ready,
thereon 88 fest, and on the West ade and Passengers for all AUSTRALIAN will be exchanged forfally paid up Scrip
thereof von Close Registered in the
and NEW ZEALAND Ports Land Office as Inland Cat Nos 201, and Measuring thereons 36 fapt, which said Piece or Parcs of Ground contains in the whole about 8,000 square feet of Which the Annual Grown Bent is $75.01, I will load for the above Porte, and be de -together with the Messages or Tane ments standing thereon, at present-leased by D. RUTTUNE B
Forms of Application can be obtains of the HONOXONG AND SHANGHAI BANKING CORPORATION, at their offices in London,
Hongkong, and Shanghai,
Hongkong, 24th November, 1877.
TO BE BETAINED BY THE BANKERNS
J. M. ARMSTRONG,
Government Auctioneer. Hongkong, December 1, 1877de7
GENERAL WEEKLY SALE.
é engin
:
CHINESE IMPERIAL GOVERNMENT ANE CRAWFORD & Co.
EIGHT PER CENT, LOAN or 1877,well by Public Auction, in their
For £1,604,276, 0. 10 STERLING.
Bales Roonis, Frayı, önska enzies or
FRIDAY,
NO..........
To THE HONGKONG IND SINGHAI BANK
ING CORPORATION,
I request that you will allot me £...]
the 7th Instant at Noon MORTON'S OILMAN'S STORES, dom
of Bonds of the above Loan in accordanprising: Jams, Jelly, Raisins, Salad Oil,
Second All that Piece of Parcel of GROUND, sitdated in the Poke-folum District of Hongkong, at Registered fr the Land Offou as Easm LOT No. 26 abutting on the North side thereof on Closes Registered in the Land Office ad Farm Lats Nos, 18 and 25, and Measur thereof on Government Ground; and
with the Prospectus immed by you dad Mustard, Pickles, Olives, Oatmeal, &oing thereon 1,200 feet on the South side The Bonds are redeemable at par within upon which I have paid the Derabaster and Opál Candlesticks, pocit of.........pounds, being at the rate even years (1884) by half-yearly
of £10 per cent, and I engage to accept Butter Dishes, Mugs, Flower Pots, Measuring thereon 600 feet, an the East the said Bonds or any less number you Toy Pianos, Tea Sets, Knives, Lamps, PRINCIPAL AND INTEREST PAYABLE IN LON- may allot me, and to make the remaining Key-rings, Camps, Photographic Albums payments therean in accordance with the Prospectasit
Name at fall length.. Address.serío combinin Occupation times iširi parang
SALA DOR, HONGKONG AND BHANGRAI,
PRICE OF ISSUE 98 PER CENT. THE HONGKONG AND SHANGHAI BANKING CORPORATION, 81, Lombard Street, London, as Agents for the Chinese Government, hereby invite
BANKERS' RECEIPT TO BE RETAINED BY Saberiptions for £1,604,276.0.10 of 8 per
THE APPLICANT.AZ rent Bonds at the issue price of £98,per *** bents payable as follows in de CHINESE IMPERIAL GOVERNMENT
EIGHT PER CENT. LOAN OF 1877 210 per cent, on applications
allotment Pou
tar Fox £1,604,276, 0, 10.STERLING. 1 16 days after allotmente v podpa
Wanes
$1
Bonde will beår interest at the rate
- madmandConta
Received this...ipfnday deville, 1877, from arveagavimeisimpanareisenine" the sum of it...pounds, being
side thereof on a Water Course, and Measuring thereon 400, feet, and of the West side thereof on the Bea at high Water Mark, and Measuring thereon 700 feet, which said Piece of Parcel of Ground contains in the whole 724 deres, of which the Annual Crowns • Retit da 855.40, yo
For account of the concerned,}] 11 casen Champagne, malf wor
Hawser.
TERMS OF SALE Cseh before delivery In Mexican Dollars weighed at 7.17 All lot, with all faults and errors of description, at purchasers' risk on the fall of the hammer.
Hongkong December, 1877.
PUBLIC AUCTION.N
d7
A
The Company's Chartered Steamer
PRIYA QOBAN
JOHN C. JAQUES, Commander,
patched on or about December 26th, 1877. For Freight or Passage, apply to te MAKARUSSELL & Co.
Hongkong, December 4, 1877,
Instant,
Sailing Vessels.
FOR TLOILO, The British Brig
** HIERONIMUS! Kook, Master, will be despatched as above on FRIDAY, the 14th at 8 o'clock p.m.
For Fraight or Passage, apply to
D REMEDIOS & Co.
Hongkong, December 3, 1877. delé
FOR MANILA..
The Spanish Sahooner
MEBIGAZOHAVARIA, Master, will have quick despatch as above Bor Freight or Passage, apply to
NOVINE REMEDIOS & CG. Hongkong, December 3, 1877.
FOR MELBOURNE & SYDNEL
The Fruch Barque
"ANGELE," Captain BARSEYBON, will take -Freight at moderate rates, and quick despatch, vaki pendant la Fer Freight or Passage, apply to
CARLOWITZ & Ca Agents.
All that Piece or Farcel of GROUND, situated in the Fake folum, District of Hongkong, and Regletered, in the Land Office as FARM Loz No. 30, abutting on of on a Clove Be the South side thereal gistered in the Land Offlde af Farm Lot have No, 29, on the East side thefer on the road to Aberdeen, and on the North and West sides thereof en Water Couro which said Piece or Pardal of fliöund contains in the holo Acces, of which the Annual Crown Rentadig together FRIDAY NEXT
with a quantity of Building Materials at the 7th Instant, at 2 o'clock pymu, in the
the present contained in mad about the Houses Godowns of Messrs Douglas LAFRAIX & described as 'Belmont upon the afore, Co., Praya
said Lota-2 camere
20 per cent per antlume, Fayable hall. Deposit made on application for THE Undersigned has received instruc-
yearly on the 28th February and 81st Atsurf at the offices of the Hongkong and Shanchal Banking Corporation in Lon don, Longkong, and Shanghai, The first Coupon for 31.6.6 for Interest from als
coumber, 1977, to 128th February, 1878}} will be payable on the kiter date, and
of Bonds of the above Loans
For The HONGKONG AND BRAKOMAI
BANKING BANKING CORPORATION, dinero pengasah
--12199034
Coupling of 24" will be payable thereafter pectus APPLICATIONS will be
T7ITH reference to the foregoing Fros on Bist August and 28th February in Boob RECEIVED by the Undersigned until the Coupon of £2,6,8 will be payable, they
tions from the concerned to sell by Public Anction, ankle
The undermentioned TEA er Steamde na Tamme or Size, One-half of the pur
*
Hongkong. December 6, 1977.
de 20
FOR NEW YORK
The 41-American Barque “MORRO CABELÉN. JENENT, Master, having the greater portion of her Cargo engaged, will load at this Fort as above, and have quick despatch...
For Freight, apply to
来
OLIPEANT A C
Hongkong, December 1, 1877.
FOR LONDON (DIRECT.)"
The A1 Brit. Clipper Bark
"KATE CARNIE,"
JAMES WILSON, Muster, having the greater part of her Cargo
engaged, will have immediste despatch an abate de TULA dan be
For Freight, apply to
MEYER & 05. Hongkong, November 28, 1877.
FOS The German Shilə a
BATAVIA AND SAMARANG
"GUSTAV MARIE" having a great portion of her Cargo engaged, will have imme- diste despatah for the above Ports
For Freight, apply to
A BRANDAO LỚ Hongkong, November 28, 1877.
FOR MELBOURNE & SYDNEY,
The Brit. 3 m. Schooner *SEA, BELLE," Captalu Roma, will load here for. the above Ports, and will have
to
quick despatel
For Freight or Passage, apply
HOP KEE & Co. Hongkong, November 27, 1877. FOR HAMBURG AND LONDON The 41 British Ship w
"ONEIDA
S. Cara, Master, having S/4ths of her Cargo engaged, will load here as above, and will be de- spatched on or about the 31st December. For Freight, apply to us
VOGEL, HAGEDOEN & G. Hongkong, November 27, 1877.
234
FOR SAN FRANCISCO,
The 41 British Clipper Ehip
OILURNUM,”
SHREWSBURY, Master, will load here for the above Port, and will have quick despatch/
For Freight, apply to
VOGEL HAGEDORN & Co. Hongkong, November 17, 1877 1
FOR NEW YORK.
The 41 American Ship
COLORADO INGBABAM, Master, will load here for the above. Port, and will have quick despatch.. For Freight, apply to
VOGEL HAGEDORN & Ca Hongkong, November 3, 1877.
FOR HONOLULU, Anowarem fete The A1 American Shig
"OHARTER OA." STAPLES, Master, will load here for the above Port, and will have quick despatch.
For Freight or Pounge, apply to
VOGEL, HAGEDORN. & Co. Hongkong, November 3, 1877.
FOR BANGKOKTAJ The 41 Geras Bark
"MARGRETHE, Tatesan, Master, will have quick despatch for the abova
For Freight or Paisagé, apply to all Hongkong, December & 1617, 17 de18
Tear, until 14th June, 1854, when the final 15th of DECEMBER neki, on which Estel 1880, from Foochow, more or less chase money to be paid at the fall of this beats (75 mEO MET KWIBLER & CO.
The Bonds will be redeemed at par with the Allotmens will be made, and the final damaged.
in Beven years (1884) by Thirteen half instalment of 48 per cent, will be payable Cd Ph 00 chests CONGOU.
enly Drawings of £114,800 each, the be on the 81st December, 1871. Exchange of DV (Indlam.):47
Aute of the Load/s114,370.0.10, being Applications received in Hongkong will be
% off on 14th June, 1884.
calonlated at the rate of 2. per dollar.
Tad Drawings will take place to London: www.k
December and June: dir enda raney, and, and
Bandh so drawn will be paid of at par
un the meceeling 28th Toursary and' dans Kumai si Läs pikser of the Hongkong and
JACKSON, **
mikong and Sharghat Bankin
Aponta Gasing Zonne
SNI (CWE)44
DA
best bum w sa MORGAN
Hongkong, December 3, 1877,
hammer, and the balance on completion of the Deed of Deeds of Transdely the élines of which to be paid by the
The Property to be at purchaser's risk on the fall of the bimmata,
For further Particulars, apply to
LANE, CREWWORD & 0%, #2) 01/1871
* TOR HAMBURG,
The 21Cupper Barque FEGOLDEN RUSSETINN Riuharnsch, Master, will have quick despatch as above For Freight, apply to
WE PUSTAU & Co4
6480 Hongkong, November 25,
FOR NEW YORK. The 41 British Ship
ISLES OF THE SOUTH," DENNETT, Manter, will load barn for the above Port, and will have quick despatuhi -
For Freight, apply to
VOGEL HAGEDORN & C Hongkong, October 10, 1877.
FOR LONDON,
The 4 1 100 years splendid **British Clipper Ship
SYDENHAM
A MILLAB Commander, will hate quick despatch for the above Fort.
For Freight, apply to de
VOGEL, HAGEDORN & Co,
Agenti
Hongkong, September 27, 1877,
No comments yet.
Private notes are available after approval.