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Mandos Research Laboratory.

Dr. R. M. Gordon, the third of the three research assistants appointed in September, 1919, to the staff of the Manáos Research Laboratory, left England, in November, for Brazil. Dr. Burnie resigned his post in January.

A report was received from the Director, Dr. Wolferstan Thomas, on the working of the Manáos Laboratory from July to December, 1920. It was reported that the activities of the Laboratory had been concentrated upon work connected with the hygiene of Manáos. Examinations for hookworm and malaria had been continued, the population examined, including not only the children attending the public schools, but also 140 inmates of the State orphanage, and 340 of the Federal

troops.

Returns were furnished of the protozoal infections found by Dr. Young after a single examination per case. Provisional returns giving the incidence of helminth infections in Mandos showed that the hookworm rate of this town is about 96-6 per

cent.

Dr. Burnie reported that of 370 cases admitted to the Candelaria Hospital from May to November, 1920, 29-7 per cent. were found to be infected with malaria: in about 60 per cent. of these the infecting organism was P. falciparum. Of 318 patients examined for ova, 84-3 per cent. were found to be infected with Ankylostoma.

Museum.

The Committee offer their best thanks to the following gentlemen who have sent valuable specimens to the School :--

Mr. H. A. Baylis: Anoplocephala from an African rodent.

Dr. Hanna: Specimen illustrating the poison apparatus of snakes. Dr. Iyenga Portion of lymphatic gland containing microfilaria.

Dr. J. W. S. Macfie: Helminthological specimens (Gold Coast). Large collec-

tion of Ceratopogonina, and cabinet for same.

Dr. P. A. Maplestone: Helminths from a bullock and a goat (Queensland). Mr. A. W. N. Pillers: Specimens of Tania, etc.

Dr. J. Schwetz: Glossina (Belgian Congo).

Dr. Yokogama: Schistosoma japonicum and its intermediate host, Blanfordia

spp. (Formosa).

Library.

The Committee offer their best thanks to the following donors of books to the Library

Miss Balfour: "Laird and Oldfield's Expedition into Africa." Two volumes. Dr. J. L. Barbour: "The Geographical Journal," from beginning of 1921. Dr. A. Aiken Clark: "Da Matta's Geographia de Manáos.' "Da Matta's Febre biliosa hemoglobinurica no Amazonas." Da Paludismo em Mandos."

Department of Archaeology, University of Liverpool: "Anderson's Lake Ngami," or " Explorations and Discoveries during four years' wanderings in South-Western Africa."

The following books were also added to the Library :-

Miall: "Natural History of Aquatic Insects."

Harris: "Pellagra."

Trotter : Medicina Nautica: an Essay on the Diseases of Seamen" Two

volumes.

Goetghebuer: "Ceratopogonina de Belgique."

Faulkner: "A Treatise on the Plague."

Broussais: "Le Choléra-morbus épidemique, observé et traité selon la méthode

physiologique."

Cole: Practical Physiological Chemistry."

Pottenger: Visceral Diseases."

Berlese: "Gli Insetti." Parts 24/25 and 26/27.

Publications.

Blacklock, B.-Percentage and Fractional Dilutions. Lancet, 29th February, 1921. An extension of Stephens' and Christophers' formula for obtaining percentage dilutions.

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Blacklock, B.-Tree-breeding Anophelines. Lancet, 12th March, 1921.

(1) In a survey for anopheline mosquitoes in any area where trees, even in small numbers, are present, any forms which pass their aquatic stages in trees must be considered equally with the forms which pass these stages in the ground waters.

(2) Without the information with regard to the tree-breeding anophelines the survey is incomplete and adequate remedial measures cannot be applied.

(3) An examination of trees for the purpose of detecting possible anopheline breeding-places involves very close inspection of all parts of the tree and its larger branches to a level as yet not determined, but higher than 32 feet from the ground. (4) Generalization with regard to the rise or fall of malaria in any area (whether marshy or not) which contains trees may be very misleading if such effects on anopheline breeding-places as may result from tree felling, tree planting, and decay of trees are omitted from consideration.

Blacklock, B.-Notes on a Case of Indigenous Infection with P. falciparum. Ann.

Trop. Med. and Parasit. Vol. XV, p. 50.

(1) A patient who had never been out of the British Isles died of malignant tertian malaria in Liverpool on 12th October, 1920.

(2) There is evidence that this was an acute primary attack.

(3) There is no evidence to show that this case acquired infection by other means than mosquito bite.

4) From a consideration of the records of incubation period and crescent formation, it is probable that the infection was acquired on or about 27th Septem- ber, on which occasion she was in a northern health resort where anophelines are plentiful (A. maculipennis, A. bifurcatus, and A. plumbeus).

(5) Some evidence is given that crescent formation commences in the bone marrow, and that it is accompanied there by a failure of complete development in the asexual forms.

(6) The "immunizing " process which causes the above effects in all probability commences in some cases very early in the infection, but the crescents indicative of this process do not appear in the peripheral blood for some time.

(7) The late appearance of crescents in the peripheral blood in infection with P. falciparum is explained on the ground that the source from which they arise is limited in extent.

Blacklock, B., and Carter, H. F.-Further experiments with Anopheles plumbeus, Stephens; its infection with P. falciparum in England; also notes on the apparatus and technique employed. Ann. Trop. Med. and Parasit. Vol. XIV,

p: 275. (1) Of twelve females of Anopheles plumbeus fed once on one or other of two cases of simple tertian malaria (Privar) and subsequently kept at room tempera- ture (maximum 22°C., minimum 13°C.) none became infected.

(2) Of twelve females of Anopheles plumbeus fed once on a case of malignant tertian malaria (P. falciparum), and subsequently kept at 28° C., none lived longer than eight days after the infected feed; one contained oocysts in the mid gut. Southwell, T.-Fish and Mosquito Larvæ in Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa, India.

Ann. Trop. Med, and Parasit. Vol. XIV, p. 181.

It was concluded that the actual reduction of mosquitoes through the agency

of fish in these localities is not at present a practical scheme.

Southwell, T.-A note on the occurrence of certain cestodes in new hosts. Ann.

Trop. Med. and Purasit. Vol. XIV, p. 295.~

New or, unusual hosts were reported for the following cestodes: Avitellina centripunctata, Stilesia hepatica, Stilesia globipunctata, Moniezia oblongiceps, Moniezia expansa, Metroliasthes lucida, Davainea tetragona, Dapainea cesticillus and Tonia (?) saginata.

Stephens, J. W. W.-Some statistics of Filariasis. Ann. Trop. Med. and Parasit.

Vol. XIV, p. 341.

(1) Microfilaria is commoner among those with signs of filarial disease than among those without signs of filarial disease..

(2) Signs of filarial disease are commoner among those infected with micro- filaria than among those not infected with microfilaria.

(3) There is no evident correlation between various microfilaria rates and the corresponding filarial disease rates.

Stephens, J. W. W.. Yorke, W., Blacklock. B., and Macfie; J. W. S.-Studies in the treatment of Malaria. XXXI: The Time of Onset of the Paroxysms in Simple Tertian Malaria. Ann. Trop. Med. and Parasit. Vól. XIV, p. 365.