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tertian malaria. By Lieutenant-Colonel J. W. W. Stephens, W. Yorke, B. Blacklock, J. W. S. Macfie, C. F. Cooper, and H. F. Carter. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Volume XIII., No. 1.

As a palliative, quinine sulphate, grains 30 on each of two consecutive days weekly, over a period of five weeks, suffices to keep the blood free from trophozoites and to prevent relapses in the great majority of cases. It is noteworthy that the percentage of cases having crescents in the peripheral blood diminishes each week, viz., from fifty per cent. in the first week to six per cent. in the fifth week of

treatment.

XXIV. The disappearance of crescents under quinine treatment. By Lieutenant-Colonel J. W. W. Stephens, W. Yorke, B. Blacklock, J. W. S. Macfie, C. F. Cooper, and H. F. Ĉarter. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Volume XIII., No. 1.

Under quinine treatment, grains 30 or 45 daily, crescents do not persist in the cutaneous blood in the majority of cases for more than three weeks.

XXV.-Arsenic in malignant tertian malaria. By Lieutenant-Colonel J. W. W. Stephens, W. Yorke,. B. Blacklock, J. W. S. Macfie, C. F. Cooper, and H. F. Carter. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Volume XIII., No. 1.

Novarsenobillon in the doses used is of no value in the treatment of malignant tertian malaria. A combination of arsenic (novarsenobillon or liquor arsenicalis) with quinine in the doses used is not more effective than quinine alone.

Macfie. No. 2.

XXVI. The action of arsenic and of quinine on quartan malaria. By Lieutenant-Colonel J. W. W. Stephens, W. Yorke, B. Blacklock, and J. W. S. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Volume XIII., Novarsenobillon: The action of novarsenobillon on Plasmodium vivax is marked. In this infection its action is even more rapid and efficient than that of quinine, a single intravenous injection of 0.9 gramme causing the disappearance from the cutaneous blood of all stages of the parasites within twenty-four hours. In the case of P. falciparum and P. malaria novarsenobillon in the same dosage has no appreciable effect on the temperature or on the parasites.

Quinine: An intramuscular injection of the bihydrochloride of quinine,, grains 15 on each of two consecutive days only, exerts in the case of P. vivax a constant and rapid effect both on the temperature and the parasites; in the case of P. falciparum the action on the temperature and trophozoites is also well defined, though relapses occur more quickly than in the case of P. vivax, whilst in the two cases of P. malaria treated in the same way there is little if any effect on the parasites, but in one of the two cases the temperature was controlled.

By XXVII. Intravenous injections of novarsenobillon and intramuscular injections of quinine bihydrochloride in simple tertian malaria. Lieutenant-Colonel J. W. W. Stephens, W. Yorke, B. Blacklock, and J. W. S. Macfie. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Volume XIII, No. 2.

A combination of novarsenobillon and quinine is more effective than either By novarsenobillon or quinine alone.

XXVIII. Quitenine hydrochloride in simple tertian malaria. Lieutenant-Colonel J. W. W. Stephens, W. Yorke, J. W. S. Macfie, and W. R. O'Farrell. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Volume XIII., No. 2.

Quitenine hydrochloride in the doses used is of no value in the treatment of simple tertian malaria.

XXIX. Oral administration of liquor arsenicalis, minims 30 daily for sixteen days, with quinine bihydrochloride, grains 15 intramuscularly on the first and second, eighth and ninth, fifteenth and sixteenth days, in By Lieutenant-Colonel J. W. W. Stephens, W. simple tertian malaria.

Yorke, B. Blacklock, J. W. S. Macfie, and W. R. O'Farrell.. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology. Volume XIII., No. 2.

It is not possible to form a definite estimate of the value of this treat~ent, as almost half the cases were insufficiently observed after cessation of treatment, owing to the fact that the patients could not be kept in hospital for a sufficient period.

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XXX.-At what time after cessation of quinine treatment do relapses occur in simple tertian malaria? (Second communication). By Lieutenant- Colonel J. W. W. Stephens, W. Yorke, B. Blacklock, J. W. S. Macfie, and W. R. O'Farrell. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Volume XIII., No. 2.

(1) If in any treatment we know the number of relapses which have occurred in the first twenty days after the cessation of treatment, then we can predict the total number of relapses in the second and third twenty days, e.g., if eighty-three relapses have occurred in the first twenty days, then only thirteen or fourteen will occur in the second twenty days, and two or three in the third twenty days, and none or one in the fourth twenty days.

(2) If in any treatment we know the percentage of cases treated which relapse in the first twenty days after cessation of treatment, then we can predict the incidence of relapses in the second and third twenty days, e.g., if sixty per cent. of the total cases treated relapse in the first twenty days, then about ten per cent. of the total cases treated will relapse in the second twenty days, about two per cent. of the total cases treated in the third twenty days, and about 0-2 per cent. in the fourth twenty days.

(3) If in any treatment we know the percentage of cases treated which relapse in the first twenty days, then we can predict the percentage of the remainder that will relapse in the second, third, and fourth twenty days, e.g., if sixty per cent. relapse in the first twenty days then about twenty-six per cent. of the remainder will relapse in the second, seven to eight per cent. of the remainder in the third, and one per cent. of the remainder in the fourth twenty-day period.

Dysentery-Research in this subject, undertaken during the War by special workers, has now been discontinued, Messrs. J. R. Matthews and A. Malins Smith having left to resume their respective posts elsewhere. Since submitting our previous report the following papers have been published:

A Contribution to the Question of the Number of Races in the species Entamoeba histolytica. By A. Malins Smith. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Volume XIII., No. 1. Evidence is given that not all infections of Entamoeba histolytica remain con- stant from one day to another in the average size of their cysts. While the species E. histolytica can undoubtedly be divided into two races, characterized by smaller and larger cysts respectively, the existence of further races is not confirmed.

Infections with E. histolytica in healthy carriers who have not been out of this country are characterized by a smaller proportion of the small" race, and also by a reduced proportion of the larger cysts of the "

"ordinary race, as com- pared with infections from convalescent dysenterics from abroad.

"

The course and duration of an infection with Entamoeba coli. By J. R. Matthews. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Volume XIII.,

No. 1.

In the case observed infection was known to exist for a year. A year then elapsed without examination, and, subsequent examinations proving negative, it was believed that the infection was lost.

The intestinal protozoal infections among convalescent dysenterics examined at the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine. (Third report.) By J. R. Matthews and A. Malins Smith. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Volume XIII., No. 1.

Deals with 2.355 cases examined for intestinal protozoa during the years 1917 and 1918, of which thirteen per cent. were found to be infected with E. histolytica, 29.8 per cent. with E. coli, 16-6 per cent. with E. nana, and 14.9 per cent. with Giardia intestinalis.

The spread and incidence of intestinal protozoal infections in the popu- lation of Great Britain. IV., Asylum Patients. V., University and School Cadets. By J. R. Matthews and A. Malins Smith. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Volume XIII., No. 1.

(1) Two hundred and seven Asylum patients have been examined for intestinal protozoa. All the protozoa but G. intestinalis were found more commonly than in any other population group examined. G. intestinalis, on the other hand, was less common than in Any other

group.