PUBLIC RECORD OFFICE
Reference :-
ALLY WITHOUT PERMISSION OF THE BE REPRODUCED PHOTOGRAPHIC- COPYRIGHT PHOTOGRAPH-NOT TO.
سياسي لتيس
C.O. 885
22 PUBLIC RECORD OFFICE, LONDON
Glossina palpalis.
29, 18,
2
12
1,,,
2
1,, '
1...
1
1
1
1,,
1
2...
1,,,
1
1
1
1 1
Glossina pallocera.
16.
1 ...
10,
1...
Glossina longipalpis.
10, 1 d.
2, +
1
Glossina fusca.
2,,
1
J
1
10.
18,
1
1
1
1
22
1,,.
18
Berekum division:-
Techeri village.
half-way, between Bechem and Nquanta. Berekum town.
Berekum rest house.
Ebi village.
Ekroforo village.
Fiapre village.
Gaman division:-
between Genim and Seketia.
Saikwa town.
on road between Siakwa and Kotoa.
Esukorkor village.
Wenchi division:-
Glossina nigrofusca.
18,
19.
1,,.
1
Wenchi water supply.
house in Promisu village.
Tekiman division:-
Forikrom village.
Wofuma village.
on road between Hansua and Bosomase.
on road between Misidan and Boyem.
Boyem village.
Berekum division:-
Sunyani town.
Tanosu village.
on road between Sabrona and Bechem.
on road between Techeri and Tanosu.
Berekum division:-
Sunyani town.
on farm outside Nsoatri town.
Wenchi division :—
Wenchi rest house.
on road between Wenchi and Nchira (Tekiman).
Tekiman division:-
Forikrom village.
on road between Boyem and Wofuma.
Berekum division :-
on road between Tanosu and Sunyani. Sunyani.
on road between Fatenta and Mersakrom. Techeri village.
on Sunyani road outside Berekum.
on road between Kotoa and Saikwa.
Wenchi division :—
Tromisu village.
Berekum division:---
Sunyani town.
Nsoatra town.
on road between Techeri and Tanosu. Gaman division:-
Saikwa town.
Dr. Graves
I repeatedly searched for tsetse pupa, but was unable to find any. showed me a palpalis pupa which the headman of the sleeping sickness labourers found about five hundred yards from Sunyani Station.
Distribution of the disease.-I have marked on the map which I attach to the report the different towns and villages where cases of trypanosomiasis have been found, giving also the number discovered during the three years these investigations have been carried on. The view I take of this is that the disease follows the main trade routes and traffic, and that residents becoming infected in these villages on the main roads act as reservoirs for disseminating the disease to susceptible persons
17
in neighbouring villages. This can be seen in the case of Wenchi, Saikwa, and Pulliano, where the percentage of infections has been high and the disease has spread to the adjacent villages. I think it is quite conceivable that the infected cases in the villages around Saikwa received their infection in Saikwa, as the inhabitants are constantly visiting this town where their chief resides. The same may be said of the infected ones found in the villages round Wenchi and Pulliano. Bereku is another town where the percentage of infection has been high and the villages around infected. The inhabitants of these villages are constantly visiting Berekum, the seat of their Omanhin: and, as well, it will be seen from the map that Berekum is situated almost in the centre of the rubber forest, and that numerous strangers to the Province such as rubber traders visit and remain at these outlying villages for months on end during the rubber season. North country carriers are also to be seen in these villages, as they are employed by the Ashantis to carry their rubber to Coomassie. I have found infected north country carriers in Tekimentia in the kola district and other parts of the Province, and I do not consider it at all unlikely that a certain number of them find their way into these villages during the rubber season. Infected persons found this year in villages remote from the main roads generally proved to be strangers who had recently arrived: as, for instance, those found in Ahurawan and Esubonpang in the Berekum division, and in Brodie and Gankufa in Gaman. On pages 18 to 23 of my statistics the particulars of cases found in villages some distance from the main roads are given.
I should like to say a few words about the cattle found in this Province. My excuse for so doing is that I had to examine numbers of them in 1907 for trypano- somes. There are two kinds of cattle seen here: (1), the north country Moshi cattle which are brought to this country by north country natives to be slaughtered; (2), the small cattle indigenous to the Province, called here Gaman cattle.
The north country cattle, like north country natives, are big-boned. They are humped cattle and come from French territory. When these cattle arrive in the Northern Territories they are fat and appear to be in good condition, but by the time they get down to Sunyani they are thin, have lost their condition, and from my experience are constantly infected with trypanosomes. This change in their con- dition must to a great extent be due to the hardships they have to undergo on their way down country, but even if they are rested and cared for, as I have seen them in Sunyani, they gradually waste away and have to be killed quickly. Horses coming down from the north in the same way never last long in this Province. I take it that these cattle, like the north country natives here, offer no resistance to the particular strain of trypanosome in this part of the country establishing itself in them: or any tolerance once it has become established. The small indigenous cattle found here thrive and breed in the Province, especially in the orchard country in Gaman, but they are also to be seen living in the forest villages in fine condition. These Gaman cattle, therefore, must have some protection against the strain or strains of trypano- somnes here, and I am inclined to think that the pure healthy indigenous native in this Province also enjoys some protection against the particular strain of human trypanosome found here. Whether the cattle or game found in the Province can harbour trypanosomes injurious to man would require to be worked out in a laboratory, and I should say it is important to know. I have occasionally found people following cattle infected with trypanosomes, but as cattle are a great attraction for tsetse flies. these people are very liable to be bitten by the flies. In examining the inhabitants of the Province this year, I have carried out precisely the same operations as those of previous years: namely, house to house visitation in the different towns and villages visited, examination of all the inhabitants for glandular enlargements, and bringing up for gland puncture and microscopic examination any persons found with "sus- picious glands. Every person examined was carefully recorded by my interpreter. and is included in my statisties. I went very thoroughly through the Province, and there are few villages of any size which have not been visited. Many more natives have been examined than heretofore, my idea being to get as accurate an idea as possible of the percentage of infections throughout the whole Province. I am glad
to be able to state that the more remote the villages were from the main roads, the less were the number of infected found, and therefore the more of these bush villages that were examined the greater was the reduction in the percentage of infection. The indigenous population gave little trouble as regards examination. In villages which had not previously been visited by white men many of the inhabitants were scared at my approach and ran away, but curiosity quickly overcame their nervous- ness, and they generally returned and submitted to examination, treating it as a joke.
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