CO885-(18-19) — Page 556

PUBLIC RECORD OFFICE

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C.O.885

19 PUBLIC RECORD OFFICE, LONDON

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20 minutes are spent at each examination and three examinations made at intervals of some days and all prove negative trypanosome infection may, in his opinion, be Gland definitely excluded. Gland puncture is not so practicable or reliable. palpation is unreliable, for some natives have trypanosomes in the blood who have no enlarged glands.

In German territory infected individuals are only removed to segregation camps by persuasion, or through the agency of the chiefs.

Professor Koch says that the methods of segregation in German territory are the same as in Uganda. He endorses the Uganda report and recommendations of 1906, but considers that nine camps will not suffice for the Protectorate as probably 60,000 natives are infected.

As regards administration one physician and one assistant will be required for each camp, and if good results are to be obtained money must not be considered. In the German Camp of Kissiba, from May to October, 1907, 425 natives had Leen dealt with.

Professor Koch considered atoxyl a good remedy in trypanosomiasis though not an absolute one. He thought that in the early stages, particularly if employed before the glands became infected, it was a certain cure. If given in the later stages, he thinks that some patients are cured, but that others, after temporary improve- ments, die often with epileptic symptoms. He considers that Kopke's failures are attributable to his having used the remedy in advanced cases only. Professor Koch said he had used many other remedies which had been recommended, but that none were as effective as atoxyl. Should any better drug be discovered he considers that it is a duty to humanity that the discovery should be immediately disclosed. Laboratory experiments on animals in the matter of the action of drugs should be received with caution as a guide to human therapeutics.

He and his assistants had treated more than two thousand cases of sleeping sickness, and, judging by the death-rate, the results are distinctly favourable to atoxyl. The method of administration he recommends is to give subcutaneously half a gramme of the drug on two successive days, and after ten days to repeat the injections. In 20 per cent. of the cases so treated by him the trypanosomes dis- appeared permanently, but in other instances they returned; accordingly it is necessary to repeat the treatment every ten days during two months. It is then suspended for an indefinite time, and on return of symptoms repeated, if necessary, every two months.

Professor Koch emphasised the possibility of the communication of trypano- somes by coitus. Of the twenty-six women in the German segregation camp of four hundred and twenty-five total cases, seven had never been in sleeping sickness regions. He infers that the disease was contracted from their husbands, all of whom had died of sleeping sickness. He also stated that he found it in villages outside the glossina helt, but only in the women, never in the children or men, who had not visited sleeping sickness districts.

He found that one physician and one non-commissioned officer with four natives could administer atoxyl to four hundred cases in a forenoon. It is desirable, he said, when administering atoxyl to the natives to give them some medicine by way of placebo to be taken daily otherwise they will not present themselves at intervals for the injection of atoxyl He used quinine in a coloured solution.

Professor Koch considered that the clearing of bush was an effective means of getting rid of the fly near towns on the Lake, but he stated that flies occasionally Dr. Hodges appeared in a cleared area, where they had been introduced by boats. remarked that the clearance should extend to thirty or forty yards in breadth, and at least five hundred yards along the foreshore.

Professor Koch considered the destruction of larvæ impracticable in conse- quence of the scattered way in which they are disposed, but Dr. Hodges thought that there was room for further work in this direction.

Professor Koch remarked that in the many flies he had examined microscopi- cally he had never found the blood of birds or of fishes.

He examined two hundred and fifty flies in natural conditions, and of these he found 2 per cent. infected-trypanosomes being found in the alimentary canal and salivary glands. Nevertheless, he could not infect flies artificially, that is to say, obtain flies artificially fed in which, after all blood had disappeared from the stomach trypanosomes could be found in this organ and in the salivary glands. He considers that there are four species of trypanosomes occurring in Glossina palpalis, one being Trypanosoma gambiense.

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A programme of work for his assistants includes

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A. The discovery of a method of artificially infecting Glossina palpalis. B. The comparative study of the trypanosoma found in Glossina palpalis in non-sleeping sickness areas with the trypanosoma found in sleeping sickness areas.

C. The determination of the proportion of naturally-infected Glossina

palpalis.

D.

E.

The determination of the period for which trypanosoma infection

persists in Glossina palpalis.

The use of the complémental method for the diagnosis of trypanoso-

miasis

F. Experiments with new remedies.

G. Further investigation of the natural food supplies of the fly.

H. The study of the distribution of the fly on rivers and the conditions

determining their presence.

I. Experiments for the purpose of infecting glossina reared from larvæ,

and of transmitting infection by a fly reared in this manner.

No. 3.

NORTH-WESTERN RHODESIA.

THE HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR SOUTH AFRICA to THE SECRETARY OF STATE.

(No. 8.),

(Received January 25, 1908.)

[Proclamation sanctioned February 6, 1908. No. 54. L.F.]

High Commissioner's Office, Johannesburg,

January 6, 1908. MY LORD,

I HAVE the honour to transmit to your Lordship two signed and four plain copies of a proclamation which I have issued restricting the movements of natives in North-Western Rhodesia with a view to excluding the disease of sleeping sickness from that territory, together with copies of correspondence with the Acting Admin- istrator on the subject.

(No. 49 of 1907.)

I have, &c.,

SELBORNE,

High Commissioner.

Enclosure 1 in No. 3.

PROCLAMATION by HIS EXCELLENCY THE HIGH COMMISSIONER.

Whereas the disease known as trypanosomiasis or sleeping sickness has been shown to be endemic in certain parts of the Congo Free State and it is therefore expedient to restrict the removal of natives from the territory within the limits of the Barotziland-North-Western Rhodesia Order in Council of 1899 hereinafter referred to as "the territory" to piaces within the said Congo Free State:

Now therefore, under and by virtue of the powers in me vested, I do hereby declare, proclaim, and make known as follows:-

1. All movements of natives from the territory to any part of the Congo Free State are prohibited except under a permit signed by a Magistrate, Collector, or Justice of the Peace.

2. Any person convicted of a contravention of the foregoing section of this Proclamation shall be liable to a fine not exceeding £5 or to imprisonment with or without hard labour for a period not exceeding three months, or to both such fine and imprisonment.

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