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servations.

10. The observations, so far as they go, tend to show that the great tidal wave General entering the estuary of the Canton River advances more rapidly up the wide deep chan- result of ob- nels south of Hong Kong Island than through the uarrow Lymoon Pass and compara- tively shallow harbour between Hong Kong and the mainland. Consequently it is high or low water respectively a little sooner on the south-west of Green Island than in the harbour.

Therefore, during rising tide a current sets through Sulphur Channel north-easterly towards the harbour, meeting the stream coming up the harbour, and forming an eddy east of Green Island off Lap-sap-wan. On the falling tide, on the other hand, a current sets out from the harbour, or south-westerly, through Sulphur Channel.

11. The practical result with regard to the question of outfalls is briefly and roughly Practical as follows. Sewage discharged from Slaughter House Point during rising tide would bearing of almost wholly be swept away to the N.W., and be no more seen. During the falling tide, on the other band, the sewage from Slaughter House Point would be swept down outfall. through the harbour along the Praya and among the ships.

results on

question of

The effluent from the outfall in Sulphur Channel on the rising tide would be carried N.E. towards the harbour, but would not reach it, as it would hang about in the eddy off Lap-sap-wan till bigh water, when it would be swept away back through Sulphur Channel. On the falling tide all sewage discharged in Sulphur Channel would be carried away westward and southward. In no case would any appreciable amount be carried into the harbour or near to the city. It is possible that some nuisance might be caused by filth depositing on the beach at Lap-sap-wan, but the reclamations which are in progress there will tend to diminish this evil.

OSBERT CHADWICK.

18th September 1882.

PUBLIC RECORD OFFICE

Reference:

TPIC.O. 882

سلسالسا

4PUBLIC RECORD OFFICE, LONDON

| ALLY WITHOUT PERMISSION OF THE BE REPRODUCED PHOTOGRAPHIC- COPYRIGHT PHOTOGRAPH-NOT TO

GENTLEMEN,

To the CROWN AGENTS for the COLONIES.

Park Cottage, East Sheen, Mortlake,

July 26, 1882.

I HAVE the honour to submit, for transmission to the Right Honourable the Secretary of State, the following report on the sanitary questions connected with the barracks at Hong Kong.

I inspected the barracks to ascertain whether there were flagrant defects in sanitation. On the whole their condition was satisfactory. The latrines are outside the barracks. The sewers, which are completely separate from those of the town, are in fair order, but require more perfect arrangements for ventilation, especially those in Murray Barracks. pointed out to the commanding engineer these and some other minor defects, and he has, I believe, taken steps to remedy them.

The foreshore in front of the War Department property is flat, and a considerable area is uncovered at low water. Owing to the numerous indentations of the shore line, and the set of the tidal currents, a good deal of filth accumulates here from all parts of the harbour, and not merely from the adjacent property. The sewer of one of the barracks has been carried out to low-water mark, and the other is about to be treated in the same

manner.

The mouths of the Murray barrack and Victoria barrack nullas are somewhat obstructed by sand, and there is a tendency to the formation of staguant pools at their mouths.

The only effective remedy for this state of things, would be to reclaim the foreshore out to low-water mark, or a little beyond it. This would be highly beneficial, both to the town and to the military authorities. The inconvenient interruption to the Praya might be done away with, whilst providing the naval and military authorities with deep water wharf accommodation and boat cambers, affording far greater facilities for their work than they now possess. It is probable that the advantages which the public would obtain by the completion of the Praya, past War Department property, would be sufficient to justify the Colonial Government in incurring a very considerable proportion of the

expense

of this work.

inspected the catchment areas from which the water supply of the barracks is derived. Above the intakes of the drinking supply there were no squatters huts.

It is of course most important that no squatters should be allowed on the catchment basins whence the troops derive their water supply. As to squatters on the other parts of the ground, in their present numbers and positions they cannot be really prejudicial to

R 3797.

H

57

Bervations.

The observations, so far as they go, tend to show that the great tidal wave General og the estuary of the Canton River advances more rapidly up the wide deep chan- result of ob- outh of Hong Kong Island than through the uarrow Lymoon Pass and compara- shallow harbour between Hong Kong and the mainland. Consequently it is high ✓ water respectively a little sooner on the south-west of Green Island than in the

ar.

erefore, during rising tide a current sets through Sulphur Channel north-easterly is the harbour, meeting the stream coming up the harbour, and forming an eddy

f Green Island off Lap-sap-wan. On the falling tide, on the other hand, a current

ut from the harbour, or south-westerly, through Sulphur Channel.

results on

The practical result with regard to the question of outfalls is briefly and roughly Practical ows. Sewage discharged from Slaughter House Point during rising tide would bearing of t wholly be swept away to the N.W., and be no more seen. During the falling on the other hand, the sewage from Slaughter House Point would be swept down outfall. gh the harbour along the Prays and among the ships.

+

e effluent from the outfall in Sulphur Channel on the rising tide would be carried towards the harbour, but would not reach it, as it would hang about in the eddy p-sap-wan till high water, when it would be swept away back through Sulphur bel. On the falling tide all sewage discharged in Sulphur Channel would be carried westward and southward. In no case would any appreciable amount be carried he harbour or near to the city. It is possible that soine nuisance might be caused

h depositing on the beach at Lap-sap-wan, but the reclamations which are in ess there will tend to diminish this evil.

OSBERT CHADWICK.

h September 1882.

question of

LEMEN,

To the CROWN AGENTS for the COLONIES.

Park Cottage, East Sheen, Mortlake,

July 26, 1882.

I HAVE the honour to submit, for transmission to the Right Honourable the ary of State, the following report on the sauitary questions connected with the ks at Hong Kong.

spected the barracks to ascertain whether there were flagrant defects in sanitation. the whole their condition was satisfactory. The latrines are outside the barracks, ewers, which are completely separate from those of the town, are in fair order, but e more perfect arrangements for ventilation, especially those in Murray Barracks. ted out to the commanding engineer these and some other minor defects, and he

believe, taken steps to remedy them.

e foreshore in front of the War Department property is flat, and a considerable area overed at low water. Owing to the numerous indentations of the shore line, and t of the tidal currents, a good deal of filth accumulates here from all parts of the ur, and not merely from the adjacent property. The sewer of one of the barracks en carried out to low-water mark, and the other is about to be treated in the same

CT.

e mouths of the Murray barrack and Victoria barrack nullas are somewhat icted by sand, and there is a tendency to the formation of stagnant pools at their

38.

e only effective remedy for this state of things, would be to reclaim the foreshore low-water mark, or a little beyond it. This would be highly beneficial, both to wn and to the military authorities. The inconvenient interruption to the Praya be done away with, whilst providing the naval and military authorities with deep- wharf accommodation and boat cambers, affording far greater facilities for their work :hey now possess. It is probable that the advantages which the public would obtain ▸ completion of the Praya, past War Department property,would be sufficient to the Colonial Government in incurring a very considerable proportion of the se of this work.

spected the catchment areas from which the water supply of the barracks is derived.

the intakes of the drinking supply there were no squatters huts.

■ of course most important that no squatters should be allowed on the catchment whence the troops derive their water supply. As to squatters on the other parts

· ground, in their present numbers and positions they cannot be really prejudicial to

19737.

H

PUBLIC RECORD OFFICE

Reference :-

TEC.O. 882

ALLY WITHOUT PERMISSION OF THE BE REPRODUCED PHOTOGRAPHIC-

COPYRIGHT PHOTOGRAPH-NOT TO

PUBLIC

RECORD OFFICE, LONDON