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the Datu Muda of Lingie, sent letters thanking Government for the service rendered to them in clearing the river, and expressing a hope that, if the river was again occupied by these people, the Government would assist them again, according to the agreement of old standing between them, by which Government was to guard the lower part of the river. The Klana says in his letter that an Agent (the Datu Muda of Lingic) was appointed jointly by himself and the Punghulu of Rumbowe. It is needless to add that no trace is to be found of any agreement by which Government was bound to watch the lower part of the river.

Raja Jumahat, the Chief of Lookoot, in which jurisdiction Pungkalang Kumpas was situated, also sent a letter, fully approving and thanking the Government for what had been done.

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In May of the same year some of these people took up a position in the Rumbowe branch of the river, near our boundary of Lubu China. Colonel Macpherson went again, this time with a party of sixty armed police, and drove the Chiefs out; but, owing to some of the men firing off their muskets heedlessly, the alarm was given, and the head men escaped.

In a letter to the Punghulu of Rumbowe about this affair, the Resident Councillor wrote that it was the paramount duty of the British Government to set down lawless people, and to bring to punishment those who disturb the peace; and he, the Punghulu, might rest assured Government would never allow its subjects to be molested by neigh. bouring States.

Disturbances in 1860.

After this, matters proceeded more or less quietly till the year 1860, when a war broke out between the Chinese and Malays in Sungie Ujong, in which the Chinese were massacred, and their property confiscated.

It appears that the Datu Bandar had imposed a duty on the river without consulting the Datu Klana; and the Klana, not being powerful enough to coerce the Datu Bandar, called in the aid of the Pungulu of Rumbowe.

There is a custom between Sungie Ujong and Rumbowe, that when the Chief of one invites the Chief of the other into his territory to assist, by advice, the invited Chief for the time assumes the Government of the country; but if the Chief visits without being invited, he is merely an honoured guest.

On this occasion it is alleged that, after the affair of the Datu Bandar was settled, the Punghulu of Rumbowe took advantage of his opportunity to take money from the Chinese miners in Sungie Ujong, and by his extortion excited opposition among the Chinese; and, although it is said in the Reports that the Chinese were the aggressors, there is reason to When the believe that they were pushed into resistance by the claims of the Chiefa. Malays were let loose on the Chinese, the latter were driven out of the country, and their mines and houses were destroyed. Great numbers of the Chinese were killed by the Malays, and many died from privation in their flight towards Lookoot, the Chief of which place received the survivors, and provided for their wants till they were ready to go to other places for work.

Visit of the Resident Councillor.-Complaint was at once made to Government, and letters were sent to the Datu Klana and Punghulu of Rumbowe, but their answers were unsatisfactory. The Resident Councillor himself went to Sempang, in September, and saw the Datu Klana, who said that his country was irretrievably ruined, unless it was taken under the protection of Government; by which, on condition of occupying a post at Sempang, and keeping a gun-boat in the river, Government could levy a duty of 10 per cent. on the tin. It was answered that this would not secure the inland peace of the country, and the example of Raja Jumahat at Lookoot was held up to the Klana as proper for him to follow; but the Klana said Raja Jumahat was supreme, while in Sungie Ujong there were many rulers, and it was impossible for him (the Klana) to do as he should wish. lle evaded the demand for compensation, and said if he could only get Chinese to return to work, the merchants would soon be paid.

A Treaty was then suggested, and the Klana said he would consult the Punghulu of Rumbowe and Raja Radin of Sri Menanti, and write to Malacca about it.

The Datu Bandar had been arrested for debt in Malacca in the beginning of this In his Report, year, and kept, at Malacca, till after the Resident Councillor's visit. Colonel Macpherson states that his only hope of the revival of trade is in the Datu Bandar, who had the confidence of the merchants and miners. It seems that the Datu Bandar was arrested at Malacca through intrigue, and kept out of Sungie Ujong during the period of these disturbances, and on his return he rebelled against the Klana and caused great difficulties.

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Colonel Macpherson reported that it would be well for the Government to undertake the guard of the river up to Sempang, and that a small steam gunboat would be sufficient for this and the other rivers up to Province Wellesley.

It appears that notwithstanding the severe blow to the miners, they soon commenced to return, and 5,000 men were again at work before the end of the year 1860.

Visit of Chiefs to Malacca în 1862.—In 1862 the Resident Councillor of Malacca invited the Datu Klana, the Punghulu of Rumbowe, and the Punghulu of Johole to visit Malacca, with a view of improving the relations of these Chiefs not only with Government but also among themselves. The Punghulu of Rumbowe did not come, but the other two attended, and were greatly delighted with the reception they met with.

The Datu Klana was anxious to have assistance to improve his country, which he describes as in a state of great confusion. In a letter to the Governor, when leaving Malacca to return to Sungie Ujong, the Klana wrote that it was his intention to claim from the Chief of Salangore such portion of the territory of Sungie Ujong as that Chief unjustly detained from him, including Cape Rachado, where Government was then building the lighthouse; and he added that it was not his intention to disturb the arrangements for building the lighthouse. The claim here set out seems to be groundless, as Sungie Ujong never extended to the sea. See post under the year 1865. In the same letter the Klana announces his intention of making a new tariff of duties on the river at Pengkalang Koondang.

Proceedings in 1865.

In 1865 the Datu Klans went to Lingie and arranged for a fixed duty on the river. The Punghulu of Rumbowe complained of this as he was not consulted, to which the Datu Klana replied that the tax to be levied was confined to tin, the produce of Sungie Ujong, and that Rumbowe had no right to interfere; but while denying that Sungie Ujong is in any way under the authority of Rumbowe, he says he intended to give the Punghulu a share of the tax. The Punghulu of Rumbowe in his letter says that Rumbowe is the mother and Sungie Ujong the father of Lingie, thus implying that Rumbowe has a right to a share of the duty; and, further, perhaps that the mere fact of Lingie being on the River is sufficient to authorize its owners to levy a duty on the passing trade.

Soon after a letter arrived from the Sukus of Rumbowe stating that the Punghulu had no right to send this letter without consulting them; and they added that the Datu Klana was quite correct in stating that Rumbowe had no authority to interfere with the taxes on Sungie Ujong tin.

Boundary between Salangore and Sungie Ujong.—In 1866 the question of the Sungie Ujong boundary with Salangore was discussed.

On the 14th May, 1866, Captain Burn, Resident Councillor of Malacca, reported that the Sultan of Salangore had told him that the boundary between Salangore and Sungie Ujong had been settled a year ago; and that he, the Sultan, would write to the Klana to direct him on the subject.

Afterwards Captain Burn saw Rajah Dollah of Salangore at Lookoot, where he had gone from Klang. Rajah Dollah said that the Klana's claim to a certain line, said to have been settled in 1863, as referred to by the Sultan, was preposterous; but that the Sultan was the proper person to settle, he (Dollah) being merely the Sultan's Deputy.

In the records under date the 24th November, 1863, the following is found:- At a meeting held this day between the Punghulu of Klang and Datu Klana of Sungie Ujong at Qualla Lingie, in presence of Captain Playfair (Resident Councillor of Malacca) and Syed Sabban, a letter was read dated 12th Rabialakir (two months before) from the Sultan of Salangore with a spear of state, and authorizing the boundary between Salangore and Sungie Ujong to be fixed by the Datu Klana and the Punghutu of Klang. It is hereby agreed that the boundary shall be marked by the Langat River from Gunong Jugra (Parcelar Hill); ascending the river on the right side is Sungie Ujong, and on the left is the Klang territory; and the boundary of Sungie Ujong on the coast is from Gunong Jugra on the Langat River to the Qualla Lingie.

A copy of this was sent to Rajah Jumahat at Lookoot. He wrote back to say that he had seen the Sultan, who denied having given the letter, and added that the Sultan, in giving him Lookoot to rule, had told him the boundary was from Lookoot to Qualla Lingie and up the Lingie River, on the left side, ascending as far as Sungie Udang, and to the inland side as far as Bekit Juling Juling.

The matter is further complicated by the document, a copy of which is here given. The document has the seal of the Sultan of Salongore.

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