七國民華中
齋教 日七十二月八年辰戊曆王
「體的答案。同學若果未能直接就課文本身 「加以學習、掌握,只一些背誦什獎「題閼
」「精旗」一類的問答題目,生活
,絕不但對考試無甚據為,反會浪鬯大正 證習時間,這點是須要特別留意的。
從渲期開始,我們將按照課程排列的. 次序,把有關課文逐一介紹:指出它們的 「主旨和內容結構,同學可參考運個簡介求 混深文一遍,掌握文章的內容,重點;同 時也可利用本文提供的複習指導,作為真
只升級中組課文
郭日僑華
複習指導:
發像,寫來蔥菜可怕,然後在這 獵艇以一個退問、徐賓雲集海灘 作一強烈對比。在對比之下又立即 來一個遐想:幻想原始人的出現,
·再一次決荒凉的境况,實在是和| 幾十萬年前沒有兩樣的。在送湖| 之後,一個大的突般出現了一般 。將劃破了寂寞,改選了荒涼。菠 茫無際的海疑是人少,但只要(四)學習檢和排出的夠避技巧。 兩脂扣會,人類的友誼也在這交會!(乙)閱讀理解 時併出了火花,孤豐山除了。
引言
(--)了解本文的主旨:作者爲麼要 頦?船絫徴麼優良的品質? (二)分析作者對船的各種狀題。 (三)體味文中作者所表現的想像:避
碳摄和想像的手法在寫作上有强痴 使然?
透過以上的專寫,作者帶出了 然的奇妙。
1989 中學會考預習專欄
明德出版社 MILL & DALE PRESS
中國語文
(二)習的重點。由於箱輕關係,選考課文部份
明德出版社
潮汐和船 課文主旨:
(甲)課文分析
利協會
4 陳大爲 周淑嫻
提供資料 關海洋的陸地聯繫起來,船能令航海中的
人不再寂寞、船紀錄了人類的勇敢、卻糕! 、毅力鬥爭等。從而發明和操縱船|
秦牧
本文通過對海灘岩序荒叙赛的描寫 ,褪托出對船的種種歌頌。例如能把遠|
引营
中國語文科試卷二「沒問題」部份!結構分析: 依課程安排,分甲、乙組共同課文和甲, 本文是案软潮汐动船一文的前萬份, 乙組選考課文兩部分。共同課文共擬態,着力表反對船的種種觀感,並未有該及
度,球打字,
每一遍,有關深交的中心思想,主題內容 三部份,現在把它分析如下:
,寫作特色,詞句含義等等都在測試之列 (一)「魁是平常不過的東西......
·酒店操縱者作為它的肠子和心 灩了...
。
中兩科考獲ㄖ級 (持有幼兒護理
欢饿3-8523 請於十月十一 白晃。
然誤起異常不過的感情了。」 在第六部份中,作者曾先以「艇 足平常不過的東西,然癖也可說是 十分奇妙的的東西。』
一点明通點出船的奇妙,以帶起通 慈,作下文叔寫的張本。
接著作者力篇琐懸海上小岛發浩的!
五期星日七月十 ( 八八九一年七十七國民華中 (32)
「慢?彼不我恩也;卻滿宮與,所不一件容易事,在思路未暢,複筒設僉的人 「可。」市者齪久十曰:「與其發是徹,然右來,文章之長好像是偉大的意思。但 「若齊之?與其沒而分,若為得占廠,中是美要求其合,與其失之過長,毋寧 『面殺彼此您!即藏其屍,持齋低主人所求其項短。初想為之的時候,思路想忍,
*於東辦,宇站。我半,【自權,以即詞藻也不豐,搜索持归,澳不滿幾百個字 火排袍之,雖術手勿健;後取刃段市者,還是恩想沒有成熟或是經線不夠豐富的 。因大號。一斷烱,童日:「我區庆允 綠在。到了第二個階段,文思規發,提起 「盤,不屬為妨。二人得我,我卡查殺之玉米粥博引,左右滦說,觸類旁道,然
1觀以團於宮。」
作浩瀚如錢江大海,但法很容易失之鴐壁 兔吏白池。川白大。大召視兒,【雜。最後的階段,是有意識的控制自己 「幼感。刺史顏奇之,留為小吏,不肯,即是所謂您欲的工夫,把的地方逝
·與-
數,與滾選之尬。
通削法,由博逗钓,求其簡單應要鹏啦 裡之行闭興者,側目真敢過其門。告二字,是很高的思想,不是貧乏的意思, 曰:「完少袭習二號,而副秘豪,其中牽涉到很耀苦的一段過程,即所附剖
可近耶?
愛。如果一點意思,一個詞句本身雖然很
省兩次從人手中站,退裡怎樣
(=)
匿寄桥另一陂入回後,被 舉結轉。到了夜半,他把身子 濕到火爐前,用火把繩子比斷了
,然後再用刀把第二個贼人也段
2區 有冷卻機智,做絕不能= 例如他二所選,想了要找機 會逃猊,便忽裝小孩子般的點恐 啼哭,使人照他,對他小 注意和提防。又,當第二個賊人 因他逃走彻爱段他的時候,他能 那是邦嘛人心組,說對方若施恩 保存他的性命,他什麼也答允, 而對方也可獨享利益、結果感人 被他打動了,显然也因際智湿范 於一死。
(二)本文主旨:文章是個有機體,下 ?好。而與道皆不合或不能增加行必果。
,保製穀然割愛。宮真有時候像足樹,父 集婆娑。很有姿態,可是不加修,東生
*選答三題;市、乙組課文名濕兩題,選對汐。這錄的部份,在結構上可以分為(三)「因此,本來是生命的船.....留行已的文句,切感收錄原文了事。一 |洑,多一站是性囪,必須不多不少恰如其 些获晓?
對於澤文的學習,我們該以理解爲
·記誦3次,先-
份明白每篇课文的寫作 背算,主賄內容,冏章結構,寫作特色, 宇詞意義等等,加以分析、理解,然後牢 記其中要點,這樣才能速多變的擬難方 式和靈活地切灦銷自所問,作出簡明、具
師
教師,
薪優,
1989 中學會考預習專欄
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428632
Economics (2)
心
PRODUCTION
Alain Li
Production is the process of utilizing resources to make goods.
There are 3 types of production:
Primary production
A.
,基督徒 元朗區工作 本報信箱
Primary production is the process of extracting or utilizing natural
·resources.
B. Secondary production
Secondary production is the process of turning the raw naterials produced by primary productioning
(-)
中國語文試卷二「閱讀理解」部份主 要是考驗同學的問讀能力一般是疑出文 J[船+ 豫~根小小的鑰匙...... 李三篇(或選段>,其中兩語體文,
和許許多多爆苦的靜。」 嬴文品文。從過往的題目看,屬於份的凝 在第二的部份中,作者以三個並非是重考驗同學對章內容的理解,變 (2)船二例于批明區寄的機智。 的小設標示出船的奇妙,首二小段 主領作您,段落內容字詞含義等李敬, 蔡酒第一部份,简裸地作小結: 在測試之們。處理酒類目,首先是要小
---篇文章在未忘之前就要「淘有成一枝冗枝,西抽一機無條,使非加以與說| 點出段「打期了海的的門斷」,消心閱讀商章,明白它的中心思想。內容,
「作』,先有一個「譭將』,至關說什麼, 不可。散文因為沒有固定型式,特別需要 除了海洋帶給人類的濕闊:末一小 然後宮與行提問的繫,作直接只體的 忘樣說,都要先有關計劃。一遊的制作,明战。 錢提起下文,首先驅和人知府幫 耳答。答案只須滿足遞日的要求,不須作都是應該如此,文亦非例外。文章是個)以不超過三十字寫出本文的主旨。 係作一個標示。
不必要的引發運或補-
;們感
有機體,有自宮,有中段,少點是残|囯作者認為學習寫文章有三階段,各有
ļ份,如果瘤先沒存活期,原時涵行之,恩文李須辦內跳,塑山何在? 商寄者,郴州海枚兒退。行且藩,像跑野一般,所謂「下筆不能臼体」,解答: 在第三部分中,者力寫出了人二來風刮诗,反接,布襄其口,去跑四 | 郝使是一種毛病。古文家所謂「超、承、《一級寄兩次從成人逃脫,第一次 焰對船的生命感:人把自己交付了坐,之城所立之。寄約兒帶,赤溪,磨兒 蔥、台,段們因不必一定要沿羅這樣的 給船,作它的腦子和心臟,人爲它| 但狀 = 賊易之,對以酒,醉。一人去爲市 安排,但也不失為一種合理的安排,在漲 的新下水而鼓舞,就像歡迎一新;一人臥,被刃道上。童愛同捷睡,以孵 監庭的時候可以聯劑。 生命的來臨;它爲人的死之而繞圈,背刃,力下上,得絕;因取刃殺之
文章要深、快速、要高,就是不赞 三次,就像為人作哀悼,鬥i 連未及遠,市者壓,得丞,大塚,將。描寫塑深刻,思想要逆大,格調要准 魚時,船隊相互配合就像一做人。我液。诚日:「為兩部,熟若為一 ,就剩不一定提心。文在寫得錢不是
DIVISION OF LABOUR
Division of labour is a system in which the
function production
is divided into many processes with each being taken up by a worker or a group of workers.
There are labour:
semi-finished products or finished products.
G. Tertiary production
Tertiary production is the provision of services of all kinds. it includes (1) personal services, (2) commercial services, (3) social services, and (4) public utilities.
INTER-RELATIONSHIP OF THE THREE TYPES OF PRODUCTION
The primary, secondary and tertiary productions are closely related.
Primary production has to use (1) some equipment, 1.0. the products of the secondary production, and (2) technical and commercial services;
output of the tertiary produči
Secondary production has to
the
primary production for the subly of
and madials raw
production Commer
And
fame their
techa
tetiary production depends on
dary production for the supply equipment which are made from (2) the raw materials provided by
Pimary production,
4 types of division of
A. Simple division of labour
Simple division of labour means the specialization in a trade or 门 industry by a worker or a firm.
B. Complex division of labour
D.
Complex division of labour means the specialization of a worser or a fira
part
the whole
product
ness of a commod
足他老人醉,一號離開了,只 ~我正熟睡的時候,他看兄道旁 直渣了一柄刀,便把反純的雙手 籬刀刃,上下用力,結果把繩 子割斷了,梭群用刀把妣人役死
,然後逃去。
ADVANTAGES OF DIVISION OF LABOUR Division of labour
may advantages:,
hive4
1. Best person to do a job
If each worker specializes in a particular job that he is good at, labour productivity can be raised.
2. Practice makes perfect
Ir
worker specializes in a particular job, he can become more and more skilled through constant repetition,
3. Economy in the use of capital
If there is division of labour, each worker · will only use 3 particular tool all the time. So
共圖
Regionale Pron of labour
Regione di
ign of labe
the secialization of a
region of a country.
International division of labour International division of labour means each country specializes in the production of goods in which the country has the highest efficiency of production.
5+
the capital is fully utilized and so are the resources.
Economy in the use of time
Different jo
skills
With
need
quire different
of movement. abour, workers
in switching
DISADVANTAGES OF DIVISION=05. Division of Tabour
Question 1.3
Chemical formula
disadvantages:
1. Monotony
笹前應作安排,內容 也須開,力求切當
,不願以長爲进口
(三〇宇) 2學習寫文章有三階段、初學時因 思想未成熟或經驗不觉寓,下筆 將馬路粗澀,舉步性能,寫置殘 字也不容易。別了第二階段,因 經驗豐富,觸類旁通,加上文思 選發,往往下筆不能自休。到了 陸後者以,懂得由專返約,注意 明號、割愛,文章始臻佳境。 3文花的好便不若長短而看內容,
行文冗件或無關香若果不知: 明,文更覺藝雜。有若獎 縱。這好比樹木,若不加修理, 乘生一冗枝,西拍一氣條,風粿 樹木便會失掉了姿態和精神了。 因此為必狀洭道得勇獻,割蜜
Under division of labour, workers repeat the
task again and
again every day. This is very boring and may make the workers feel frustrated or indifferent.
2. Risk of unemployment.
As
workers are trained for а particular skill or trade, they inay lose their
when job
their particular trade of industries declines,
3. Interdependence
With division of labour, the different stages of a production become very intercependent. If ene the of the stages breaks down, whole production process will be interrupted.
4. Excessive standardization
With division of labour, Fachiney is often substituted for labour and mass production will result in standardization of products. Consumers wit therefore have fiver choices.
急聘
驗
$3000)
中
聘
1989 中學會考預習專欄
明德出版社
MILL & DALE PRESS
Chemistry (2)
R. Chu
3.10men the electron transfer in (ionic cond formation) is incomplete or the sharing of bond pairs between
atoms two
lin covalent bond formation) is unequal, a bord which is partly ionic and partly covalent is resulted. Such bond will have properties intermediate between the pure ionic bond and pure covalent bord.
e.g. HCl consists of polar covalent bonds due to the unequal sharing of the bond pairs.
NG
Toas
dipole
(h-ci)electron
clouds
3.17A polar molecule is oce containing a net dipole. It has a much greater attractive force among its molecules. It is affected by an electrostatic field.
3.18Structures of the substances are. closely related the types of bonding while the properties of the substances are closely related 好 their structures.
Bamic Compou
Simple Covalen! Compounds
rolecules
Glent Cavalent
Structure
Metals
atoms
weak.
electrostatic
attraction
force.
stons
usually strong motalic bonding
very high
high
許小姐洽
Unit 1 continue
3.13The 3-dimensional shape of simple
molecules can be predicted using the "electron pairs repulsion theory".
(a) The electron pairs around the central aton in a molecule arrange themselves in such a way so as to make the repulsion'
them among minimum.
(b) The order of repulsion is: LP-P> LP-BP BP-BP, where LP is lone pair
and BP the bond pair.
N.6. A double bond or a triple bond
is courted as one bond pair.
3.14The final 3-D shape of a molecule
is determined by the relative
position of the bond pairs. The angle
between two covalent bonds is called
the bond angle.
Examples:
ta) Compassing articles
forea between
strong intermolecular Covalent bond
KONG
point/Bol Ilad point
Id Physical state hard s80
at room Temperature
lol Electrical
conductivity
poo when solid,
Tow
PUBLIC
sometimes soff solios
goad when noitani (A few conducts
or in aqueous solution (with
chemical changes)
In solution!
敎師,十一
寄華僑日報
[師
請大學
(a)
Co
iincar
2
◊ - C-C
CHA
4 single bonds
✪.
(4 8P)
[或台灣
有意教育
-386217
「記
書記一名, 字體端正, 驗者優先考 聯絡電話函 邨樂善堂楊
急聘
邹然几學位或大專以
-330271)
3字樓(3-614819)
855500)約見。
五程選,有意請親臨
3271)
Electron pairs
2 double bonds
1-0 shape
tetrahedral
H
109.5
Question 1.1
Six elements Fettered A, B, C, D, Eland F. together with their respective atomic numbers, were shown in the table below.
pour (except graphite)
goed
Question 1.2
(vithout any chegical changes!
Fart of the Periodic Table is shown below with some of the clements being denoted by letters which are NOT the chemical symbols of the elements.
3 single bords
pyramida!
Element
(3 88,1 LP!
Atomic number
A B C D E F
7 10 12 15 17
Per Torts :
H2O
2 single bonds
(280, 2_P)
-shapad (or angular)
The twond angle decreases from CHA EC NH to H2O is due to the increased repulsion of the bond pairs by the increasing number of lone pairs.
3.15The metallic bonding regards a metal 35 consisting of the positively-charged. "metal ion embedded closely together in a sea of electrons". The electrons come from the outermost shells and are free to
within move.
the metal crystal lattice.
e.g. Na metal
(a) Give the letter of the element consisting of monatomic molecules.
the letter of the element (b) Give
which could be a strong oxidizing ̇dgent.
(c) Give the letters of TWO elements which are chemically similer,
Explain briefly your choice.
(d) Elements D and E are both solids
北 TUOM temperature
atmospheric pressure. However, D nas a much higher melting point Chen E. Explain briefly.
(e) F can react separately with D and E to form the compounds X and Y respectively.
叽 the chemical
(1) Write
formulae of X and Y respectively. (2)·using. the outermost shells only, craw diagrams to show the electronic structures of X and Y respectively.
(3) Which one of X and Y would have a higher melting point? Exolain your answer.
(4) which one of X and 丫。 bf]- liquid state, would be able to conduct electricity.
A
D
E
} 好
C
Groups
FY
7111
笑
K
{a) Give the family names of the elements in groups [ and Vil respectively.
(b) Give the letter of the element
having monatomic molecules.
(c) Which of the elements shown has the strongest reducing power?
(d) Why do the elements A, B, and C
show similar chemical properties?
(e) Arrange the elements W, X and Y in the order of increasing reactivity.
{f} Which TWO of the elements shown would combine most readily to form ลก ionic compound? Give your
reasons.
(g) Suggest the chemical formulae for 你的 chlorides of E and F and draw 3- dimensional diagram to show the
respectively,
shapes of these compounds.
(h) would the oxide
of F give an acidic, alkaline or neutral sclution on dissolving in water? Give a reason for your answer.
Melting point (°C)
Beo
0
2
No. of electrons in the outerrest
shell of the element
1
没
等
4
5
6
7
Bo'ling paint (°C)
1700 2500 450 --5}
3300 3900 1500 -78
-9
-219 -224
21 一是
-145
Electrical conductivity of !!quid oxidu
Food
poor noor pear
[poor neor
Information about the oxydes of the
in elements
the
2nd perpesha the Periodic Table is Summarized Ti Lhe table above.
which are
responsible
for
liquids. Liquid Y consists molecules only, 52, it does not
Of
(a) Choose from the
oxide which
descriptions below. Explain briefly your ch (1)
It
is
Beach case.
at
temperaturgad an atmospheric pressurer
(2) is
likely to be a om temperature and one "pressure.
1 sublime when heated. Pis likely composed of tons.
It
3 giant covalent Cattice.
Mas
(b). Using the outermost shells only,
draw diagrams to
the electronic structure of {1} #30| (2)Liyd respectively.
(c) Arrange FąU, CC, Li20 and N204 in
the order of increasing acidity.
Solution to Q.1.1
忙 nas a:conpdate
C. (a) Element
outermost shell.
(b) Element F. It only has to gain one more electron to attain the stable octet.
(c) Elements B and E.. It is because
tney have The
tumber electrons in their outermost shell.
(d) 0 has a higher melting point. Dis
a metal and its atcms are held! together by strono metalic bonding while E
moleculer solid, with its molecules being held together
the intermolecular forces only.
is a
DV
(e) (1) The formula of X is OF 这几注
that of Y is EF3+
(2) Compound X:
回
Compound Y:
are
(3) X would have a higher melting point, X is an ionic compounds and its
held strongly together 5 the electrostatic force. Y is a covalent compound and 15 molecules zre held together
the
weak by intermolecular forces only.
(4) X would conduct electricity. Liquid X consists of abile ions
conducting electricity through
conduct electricity..
Solution to Q.1.2
{a}:Group I is the alkali metals.
{h}
Group VII is the halogens. Sierent K.
(c) Eiement C. It loses electrons most
readily.
(d) it is because they have the same
number of
in electrons
their outermost shelv
(e) The reactivity order is: Y C X
(f) lerents C and W. It is because C
is the most reactive metal and is the most reactive non-metal,
(g). The formulae are £Ci and FClai
ECT
FC13
Tetrahedral
Pyramidal
(n) The oxide of F would be scidio
because it is an oxide. of a non metal.
Solution to 0.1.3
(a) (1) CO2/F2D; because their boiling
points are far below the temperture (abcut 25°C),
(2) N2Oai because its melting
pcint is very close to the room. temperature.
(3) CD; because its melting point is below its boiling point.
(4) 1:20; because it can conduct electricity when in nclten state. indicating the presence of mobile ions.
(5) Be0/B20: because they have high boiling points and melting points bet d nct conduct electricity when in liquid state. (b) (1) F20 - covalent compound
(2) Li 20
- ionic compound
HOTH
Li
(c) Acidity: Liq9 CO2<N20<F20