頁四第張九第
日一廿月十年卯丁曆夏
WAH KIU YAT PO
A large firm aight
1988中學會考 試題預習專欄
經濟(十一)
明遵出版社
MILL & DALE PRESS
Revision Exercises
for
Cert. Exam. (1988)
1988中學會考 試題預習專欄
地理( 十一 )
HKCES GEOGRAPHY
(11)
HY VINCENT L.W. WONG
Question:
(a) Identify the land-
forus found in photo A and B respectively. (b) Deacribe the favourw
able conditions for and characteristics of the feature in photo A.
(a) Account for the fon
mation of the feature in photo B with the aid of diagrême.
ECONOMICS (11)
Internal diseconomies of
scale(大規模之內部 經濟惠票
Wiken a firm hecomes too large, ie, beyond the
optimum scale, it will
face some disadvantages, ie, the internal
diseconomies of scale:
1. Management problem3
As a firm continues to expand, communication, co-ordination and control become more difficult. This will lower the morale
and
the productivity of the staff.
2. Financial problema
Suggested Answer $
(a) Photo A - sand spit
or sand bar.
Photo B sea arch and arch way.
(b) The favourable cont ditions for forming sand spita barB) :
There must be ir- regular (or indented) coustlina, such as the estuary of river.
Koreaver, the ahal
low off-ahora sez water favours the de- position of sedim to in the se
The long-shore drift meets the coast obliquely, which is the the source of sediments for the sand spits (bars)
The sediments can ex- tend out or even acrosa the bay if and only if the sea water is calm (quiet) with less wave atrength. In other words, the wave must be const- ruative in nature.
The characteristics of sand epite bare)
It is type of coastal depositional feature fom- ed by long-shore drift.
Aapita a longjaarrow ridge of deposited mater- ials(usually sand or peb – bles).
If the spit extends ac- 'ross and even meets the ot-
her end of. the bay it i日 called Band bar. The sea water enclosed in known as
have already harrowed a lot of money frum the banke for its expansion. If it still continues to borrow money for further expansion it longer enjoy low interest rate.
3. Marketing problems If a large firm continues to expand, it may be difficult to find sufficient demand for its products. Thore are both geographical and psychological obstacles to the expansion of markets owing to high transport cost and consumers'
lagoon.
It may curve toward the land if the wave or wind is strong enough to push the sediments bending. It is called curved or hooked
epit(bar).
Some epite( bare) are large enough for human set- tlement 28 spite are flat and low in relief.
報日僑華
faithfulness to other brands.
The surival of small firms Unless a firm becomes too large, it can probably enjoy internal economies of scale by expanding ita production scale. It Reens. that the large firma should dominate. But in reality, moat firms are small. There are stay reunons for the small Zirma to survive in the competition with the large firma:
1. Economies of small
scale
If set-up cost is low, setting up a firm it easy and economies of
五期星
acale are limited. Su the small firms can compete with large firme.
2. JointVentures
Small firms.may also enjoy economies of scale is the form of co-operative society.
3. Sub-contracting
There are often chances for small firms to carry out some parts of a manufacturing process for the large. firma.
4. Low demand level
If there is only a demand for a Amell quantity of a gond,
Headland
Headland
↓
sea Cave
Headland
Headland
↓
seo cave
(o) Formation of sea arch
and arch way t
Headband
"arch way
Silvermine Bay on Lantau Island and Australian town of Patonga are good examples of sand spits.
When there is a head- land extending toward the sea at where there is strong waves.
The waves originated by the strong winds, over a long fetch without any obstacle in the sea.
If there are joints or fault lines in the head - Land (or any line of weak- ness, such as dolerite dyke
eroded.
The waves attack the line of weakness icontin cably. The hydraulic act
The water tunnel formed is called ohway while the roof is know as sea arch.
However, the arch way may be fomed if there are two sea caves developed on the opposite sides of the headland. While they are further extended and meat each other:
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The best examples found
in Hong Kong are the sea arch at Tai 0, Cape D' Aguilar and Ap Chau.
1 that
generated by the air compressed within the wave will widen the
racks. It is further ar ded by abrasion which uses the leads carried by the wave to grind the cracks.
At last, sea cave de velops along the crack.
Headland
sea cave
develops
sea wareh
SEA
SEA
arch- way
The continous wave ezom sion will extend the pen
cave toward the other end of the headland,
Eventually, it may wo- ross the base of the head land with the uneroded roof Left behind.
次題目次山雨幅 相片考驗學生时海岸地 形的認識。相片(心是一 個沙咀感沙 片(B)是一海蝕拱(SEA ARCH ARCH WAY).
crack
同響在今次練習 常遇上的困难有下列機 点。第(一),在決定兩幅相 片屬何种地貌(FEATURE)
!
日一十月二十年七八九一曆公年六十七國民華中
large-scale production
cannot take place,
5. Individual needa
Some goods or services are required to meet individual needs, Mass production is thus impossible.
6. Geographical limitation When it ia expensive. to
transport s good in relation to its value, the firm supplying .that good will only well it Incally and remain small.
7. Flexibility
Small firms are often
family businesses.
The workers may be the
relatives of the
owners and so ara
时,可能会猶疑不決。究竟 相片(A)是SAND SPIT或是 SAND BAR嘱?相片(B)的 答案是ARCH WAY 或是SEAT
ARCH ( NATURAL ARCH) Pu?
都可能困擾考生一定时 問。但從建議答案中,我 們可見任何一面的答案 都可以接受。在实际考 題目中,這种情況,愿思 不鲜。
第(二),不少同學在答題
SAND SPIT的資料只提 取5形成條件(CONDITIONS, 相间的重点陳列。反過來. 同學多只会「硬搬,SAND. SPIT形成的過程(PROCESS) 在答案彎内(因多数教科
SAND SPIT ēkā 過程,所以考生应多自我 提黯和反省,作答时可有 犯以上的毛病..
第三,同學在作答时不 会対答票修飾、詳細解 釋。例如題目(C),在問 SEA ARCH NO ES ✯»ƒ‚± 要提到巨浪的侵蚀。
willing to work for
extra hours for no
specified rate of pay.
8. Supervision for workers
If the size of a firm
is smell, the owner
can supervise its
ataff more efficiently. Hence there can be better co-ordination and productivity,
9. Personal relationship It is easier for u gmull firm to keep a better relationship with its workers and customers. Thus the workers' morale iat higher and the
customers may be loyal to the firm.
继而解釋巨浪多由巨凰 造成,而巨風其由一個長 距離的吹程(FETCH)形成。
-
步一步的解釋,会替考 生取得多偣分數,
最後,同學经常会被問 及各科地形的特色 常感到記蹦各种地形的 特色非常困难。但同學 可有嘗試用一套方法去分 章各地貌特色。例如 我化委会従下る角度 分析地貌特色。第一,這 地形屬何种景象?是河 流冰川?是侵蝕或沉积 地形?第二,在該景难 (LANDSCAPE)中,那個位置 最常見?例如河流的上 游?中游?下游?第三 該地観的形是本的? 圓形?山脊形?新月形? 第四,它的大小,面积又如 何?第五,它本身獨有的附 帶現象,例如SAASD SPIT 这本又低,所以常在SETTLE- MENT等。最後,世界上或 香港有何例子
希望問解禁記よ 記誦地 特色的方法。
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