青教佳華頁三第張六第 日四十月二年丑乙曆夏
1985
中學會考試題預習專欄
中國文學 (三十) 明德出版社 黎麻明
留學英國伯明翰,讀的是型科,酒國家會 任北京大學,中央大學等校教職,他教的 是理科,但仙對戲劇很感興趣,寫了不少 劇本,以獨幕劇錦擅長。
WAH KIU YAT PO
報日僑華
把握在劇的哲剟,以經濟的手法精粹的 對話,寫出親切而輕鬆的場面,下進恰到 好處,趣味含蓄而不顯露,是英國幽默的 手法情調和趣味都是自然的,遣正是丁
·西林的作品的風格。20
“三塊錢國幣」,是作者在抗戰期間 所寫的獨帮劇。在抗戰的大動時期,西南 方比較安定,許多各省人到此容局,其中 不少是比較富有的人家,那些太太小姐們 的氣就叫人不好受。作者用諷刺的自洲 形式,表現了一些有錢太太的驕愅刻薄, 盛氣凌人的可賬面目,整個劇劇-
滿趣味 和諷刺,正是都市的小親頭。
「三
་丁西称和中國戲劇配的其他藏目:薇 伯英、熊佛西等人,他們的作品都以情節(一)本文主旨: 和趣味作中心。丁四林的「壓迫」一點... *来是比較具有社會為義的題材,作者處 理時,也把它喜劇化了,而且,還在紀序 「上說明,不希望識書從社會問題上沿追劇
作,使可知作者寫作所注意的衝心了。
「自陳大悲腳了一能長女「愛美的戲劇 」,講講一般舞台的技術與效果。在寫作 技巧上說,丁西林的好幾個獨裁劃,都有 很好的水準。如「一隻馬鋒」疒北京的 空氣」「親愛的丈夫」等劇,會在全國 各學校中作過演出,也受到歡迎 作者能
人提供資料 魯燥珍園
中三塊錢國幣 美一工作者灣介三
丁西林
丁西林(一九〇〇一九七四)镪 名興林,字選南,江蘇省秦與縣人,早年
Realizing that. China, alone was too weak to
1985
中學會考試題預習專欄
歷史
明德出版社
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HISTORY (30)
VIOLA YAY," "woo.
MILL & DALE PRESS LTD.
Describe Japan's activities in East Asia during the First World. War. How did China and the great powers react to such activities?.
The East Asian inter- national scene was peace- ful and stable before the outbreak of the First World War in 1915. To.
that year, however, because of the war, which...... occupied the attention of the European great! powers, Japan seized the golden opportunity when international constraint was absent to advance her interests in the Eesti Asian region. First, she entered var on the side of the Allies (Britain, France and Russia) against the Centra) Powers (Germany and Austria), and made use the excuse to seize Kinochow in Shantung of China from German hands. The British were of course displeased, but since they are preoccupied with warzim Europe, toey just could: not put up any effective opposition, Britain
(headed-japonia.cooperam
tion as long as the first World War was op. Besides, Japan said that Kiaochow would be
returned to China after. the war. By late 1914, all the former German rights and leases in Shantung had fallen into Japanase hands. It could be vell expected that China could not oppose such apanese seizure. At the same time, the Japanese navy turned to the South Pacific and occupied the German. island colonies there, such as the. Marshalls and the Yap
The reasons for Japan's doing so were long-term. Many Japanese businessmen, politicians. and militarists had for long advocated a stronger foreign policy. (which ran against the traditional policy of co-operation with the Western powers) This younger generation of Japanese were more and more influential, and they began disobeying the genro ("elders", aged.. Meiji leaders), who favoured continuation of the traditional policy.
In China, Japan's position was declining. Politically, Yuan Shih- kai was unco-operative "with Japan but was pro
Western, or more exactly, pro-British. Secondly, economic competition and rivalry threatened Japan's interests in ⠀⠀ Manchuria, especially as Japan did not have the superior economic power. ta compete successfully. with the West. Maný Japanese ultra- nationalists favoured a more forceful attitude toward China; the Black Dragon Society, for, instance, argued for obtaining from China far reaching concessions. This formed the background to the presentation of the 21 Demands to Yuan Shih-k'ai by Japan to 1915, only a few months after the seizure of Kisochow,
If Yuan Shih-k'ai'⠀⠀⠀ accepted the Demands, he yould receive Japanese support for his attempt. at restoring a monarchy. which he wanted. On the other hand, however, he knew that many Chinese. would oppose him.
resist Japán, Yuan turned to the other great.
powers, especially the
US, for assistance. The reaction of the US' and Britain was one of ̈
general opposition and protest. But because of the First World War, they decided not to intervene to check Japan. As for France and Russia, no objection was made, sïúce they wanted to win? Japanese friendship and draw..Japan into moreísk active war-effort against Germany and Austria. France even advised China to accept the Demands.
Without foreign aid, China had no other. alternative but to accept the 21 Demands. Accordingly, all German rights in Shantung were transferred to Japan; the Japanese leases in South Manchuria (Fort Arthur and Dairen) were extended to 99 years; control over the Hauyehp'ing Company was given to Japan; and China promised that ports and islands along the China const would not be ceded to other countries.
_____ But Japan feared that all these privileges might be lost once the war ended and Western opposition revived, Thua she made agreements with - the powers and even China as safeguards: Firstly, an alliance vas made with Russia in 1916. Secondly, secret agreements were -made with Britain, France, Italy and Aussia - in short, Allied, în 1917, The se Allied
powers wanted
the
greater Japanese participation in war; they therefore secretly promised to give Japan Kinochow in Shantung. An agreement of friendliness. was made with the US too. The US expected that this would slow down Japanese expansionism. Thirdly Japan extended some loans to the Peking warlord's government of China. The aim was to bribe China to be co-operative in : Japan's newly acquired gains. Eager for money to fight with other warlords, the Peking government accepted those loans,
There was then the.
Siberian Expedition, án. which Japan took part, in 1918. The Expedition was an Allied attempt at checking the spread of Communism to East Asia after the Bolshevik: seizure of power in 1917 in Russia and bringing Russia back into greater war-efforts against Germany and Austria. Japan joined it because of territorial ambition and the desire to keep Communist threats away from Maneliuria (Japon' s sphere of influence). Yet the Japanese military sent in many times the number of třempat, originally dec ded on. Again, however, the Allied powerà could do little to restrain Japan, not until the First World War ended in 1919.
Looking back over the yars from now, one sees by the apanese used the opportunities when the great powers were pre- occupied with war and made great gains, territorial, economic and political, in the East Asian regions. The traditional balance of power in East Asia was destroyed in such away.
Describe the factors. for the rise of Japanese militarism in the 1930s.
Meaning of militarism 1. the government
men
controlled by military:
spread of militaristic ideas in government and society.
the government using.
au 'aggressive foreign
policy
國幣分析:
本劇所寫,是西南一城市中的小故事。 ,女主人是太太蒗她貨物的女傭,賣掉舖
Active military
prepardness and buildup at home.
Factors for the rise of militarisa –
1. Growing influence of
the military' -
Because modernization started as defence against foreign." imperialism, military men had always enjoyed
a high social and political position.
From about 1910 to 1945, military men established many organizations in Japan. The influenced many Japanese people.
Before 1868. (the Meiji Restoration), military. men (the samurai) enjoyed a high social and political position. Thus,
ilitariem hed a long tradition.
2. Struggle for leader-
ship between military and civil leaders
a. From 1868 to 19127
power was concentrated in the Emperor, who was able. The Meiji statesmen-like Ito) were civil and
:
military leaders at the same time. From the 1920s on, however the Emperor was not able. Thus military men and civil men struggled for power.
In times of bad inter national relations
(such as in the
1930s), people felt
that military men
六期星:
益去情邀打破的花瓶.........—個值三塊錢。抗 日時期,幣值雖然不斷下降,但是,以一 個女僕·女婴,三塊錢也是暗不起的。她的 彼诸可了,然而,以與太太來說,那是一 個微不足道的數目,這對比是很鲜明的 足以見到窟位有錢太太的無逕取間,終於 ∵引起大學生相長堆的不滿,最後把吳太 太另一隻也是價值三塊錢的花瓶,也給打 破,腰她三塊錢,滿足了她的無理取閙, 是一個諷利的喜劇。在
:丁西林的諷刺手法是幽默的,也沒有 過份的誇張,往往能通過戲劇暴露了人 的弱點,道又往往是一個喜劇的任嶺。本 圓的情調和趣味是怡到好雞的,因而所得 的效果也是一個有餘味的故事,一個不 只一笑了之的喜劇,劇中的與太太,是作 者給予諷刺的對象,她以為自己是滿有道
protect Japan's interests. A
b. People thought that
only military men could best safeguard Japan's intereats.
7. Examples of dictator, ships in Europe -
Such examples were the rise of fascist role in Italy and of Nazist rule in Germany.
b. Japanese people
thought that they could make their country strong by following such examples.
8. The Great Depression
(1929-1930) –
a Because of the
Depression, many, Japanese people were unemployed. Prices rose and fell sharply. Many people suffered economically.
People believed that. party government could not give them a good livelihood. They felt that Western capitalism and democracy were unsuitable for Japan, Thus they welcomed militarism,”
The threat of communiamy
Soviet Ruəsin. was communist country. Conservative Japanese feared that Japan might become a communist country too. They welcomed militarism
89
force
against communism.
should run the country 0
so as to protect the
Calintry.
Failure
are of democratic experation
Japan experimented with democratic rule from 1918 to 1931. The period was called the period of the party rule. But (i) modern- ization was
superficial and- democracy was difficult to take root. (ii) conservative and authoritarian forces made it difficult for democracy to work. Thus democracy failed" in the 1930s. Social
conservatism
Modernization had been limited to the
political levels during Meiji times, Institutions were reformed; but conservatism was st very strong in
society.
to
The contributions of
social conservatism the rise of militari sim. were as follows:
1. many military men
came from the conservative Countryside
.party-role and western-style democracy were limited to city areas only.
5. International develop-
ments making it possible for the rise of militarian-
a. Japanese people felt
that they were discriminated against by western powers, For example, during the Washington
Conference (1921, - 22), Japan was given an inferior ratio of naval disarmament,
Military men nade use of this feeling to arouse patriotic emotion. Party, men were condemned as people who betrayed the country. Popular support for the military became strong.
6. The failure of peace-
ful economic expansi in the 1920s
a. This policy, which
party governmenta upheld, failed to
<=+)
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高方提供資料
ADDITIONAL MATHUNATICS (30)
S.F. KO
MILE & DALE PRESS LTR.
Solutions to Exercise 15
+ax +bc+c. 1'(x)=3x2+2ax+b
Since x is a factor,
(4)-3(0)+2a
b=0.
(b)Since (x+2)
factor;
4a+c=8.
(e)Again,
1(a)-(1)} +8 (1)2+c»6
(1) and (2) give:
a=1;
(2)
日三十月四年五八九一展公年四十七國民華中
理的:因筠女仳既打破她的花椒——是她 ∵家中的東西,就該;而她自己是「沒有 欺負她」;因爲在抗戰時期「造樣健的伙 食,她一個人吃三個人的吃」,她沒有如 過她的飯錢呢,所以,她向窮的女傭使 氣,迫他資排站置來價錢,還召來了察
and ((-1)
...除了人物的表現當幽默和諷刺之外, 劇情的安排也是有趣味的,成眾是正在梅 長雄下棋的,他願意拿三場錢來賭一個條
·麻,在楊英雄跟吳太太吵架時,他不斷催 促御下棋」,一一道盤棋大概是沒有希望 下光了能?」在吵架沒終止時,彼此都不 知道結果,是但,作者也在成眾客活班佈 殺了很好的伏機;「和一個女人打架?不 大妙,可是我成給她一個教訓」作结 局,成樂所說:「和棋」,建話也堪玩味 了。這正是作者的趣味和幽默所在。
(一)試简介丁西林的生平和函劇方面的成就。
三州發考(一)作器。
每间中另一人物根長雄,一個抱打不平, 的大學生,企圖以道理說服拼自大的奧 太太,但是,最後還是要向她施以 傲的 季昏,令她折服,讓她如啞子吃黃連,說本期警作: 不出来,这在正面來說是描寫了協長雉的 正輪性格,其實也反映了吳太太的思響。
·劇本中的醫察,那種不分是非白, 不問道理曲直,做唯唯諾諾的態度,只 答道「是呶嗎」,但是一個很好的諷刺。
(ii)Volume required
(Ans.)
(d)Let PT be the tangent.
Slope of PT-4
the required -tangent,
PT.
(Ans.
cubie
uni'ta
a)Substitute
into
*+ (147) 1 (x+2)+iy _x+(1+y)i, (x+2)=ly {{(x64)41y? (242)−1y.
=w+2)=xy};
{ x+2) (1+y) is (1+y) y
Since this expression is purely imaginary, the real part is zero
x(x+2)+(1+y\x=0
(x+2)+y
Which is the required focus, an equation of
circle with centre
and radius
3/5
tane
forzi of
Lising)
Similarly
73-1
-2{cos(=|)+isin(=})]
-(3-1)
-2`[ cos(~), )+isin(~~"′′)}
(二)獃從「三塊錢國幣」一劇,說明丁西林
劇把作的特色? 參考(三)作答。
(b)
Doriginal demand
curve
original supply:
curve
new supply curve.
Op =original príve
Tevel
OPnew prive level
The demand for taxi-servicea is elastic because there are a number of
substitutes which can replace taxi-services. Therefore, a rise in price of taxi- services will lead tó a reduction in total revenue earned by taxi-drivers because quentity demanded decreases more than the proportionate change in pricei Fig.2 shows that as price increases from OP to CP, "quantity
will fall démanded
from 091 to 092› whereby the new. revenue (000P ̧)
total
will be less than the
uriginal total revenue
original OP-new rice. 00,=original quantity
demanded
soc ede
Апе
"(cos"T-išin ")(aus.)
putting retang
(√3+1)" (/3-1)"
2 cos cos
(from above results)
gu Deo
(a)y=ax^\+bx
at (3,0) 9a+3b+c=0. at (1,12) a+b+c=12. (2)=0)); 2a+b=0
經濟
(+):
(Ans.)
明德出版社 王啓光
a₺ (−1,0).
(2):
::: (1) - ( 3 ) ÷
=0, C#4
b=6:
15-0
a--5 cy The equation curve 18:
the
(a)centre (-1,3)
radius
(b)Let the required line be y=m. (ws: it passes through the origin) where B--- =-3
y=-3x
(c)This line meets the
circle where
2x+2(3x)+4x
•-12(3x)+15=0
(2x+1)(2x+3)=0.
or
-6-6x«0 → x-1
andy 12 and this is a max. pt. The required ares
yux
-f_{(9+6x-3x2)dx -[9x+3x2-x2] 3
28. units
tan=
Ly-xtank
(Ans
which is the equation of (P
(Ans.)
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ECONOMICS (30)
K.K. WONG & L.T. CHAN MILL & DALE PRESS LTD.
Questions for Revision
1.
(a)Explain why that success in anti- "narcotics efforts.
may lead to a rise in price of heroin. (b)Explain why that a
rise in taxi-fare:may reduce the total revenue of taxi- drivers.
Ans.
An increased anti- narcotics efforts has. led to a fall in supply of heroin. As shown in Fig.1 supply curve sliifts from S to S
a fall in representing a supply. The price of " heroin, therefore rises, while demand- still remains unchanged the rise in price is drastic because libth the demand and supply of beroin are inelastic. The demand for heroin 1a inelastic because drug addicts are deep rooted in using it... Supply of heroin is. inelastic because it is illegal and there... fore difficult to increase its supply.
Prica
义
Quantity
new quantity demanded.--. ARJOLÁKIAA) total
revenue
BP-ne total
revenue
Describe the functiona of retailers and wholesalers respectively
The functions retailers are
(1)Storing a wide
of goods to meet different consumers? needs and therefore providing wider choice for consuRETS.
chot
(2)Bring goods to where
it is most convenient for the customers at the appropriate time,
(3)Sorting the gooda into
different grades with proper
per packing.
(4)Providing special
services to customers,
such as tecunical advice, after-sale services, product; information services,
etc.
(5)Bearing the risk of
deterioration of goudá and also the risk of anticipating consume demand!
The functions of whole-salers are
(1)Acting as a bridge
between mapúfacturers and retailers: Whole- salers buy in bulk from producers and Bellinamall
quantities to... retailers, (2)Providing warehouse facilities to store
goods in large, quantities.. (3)Providing market
information to manfacturers so that consumers' needs can
be best met.. (4)Helping finance
production and distribution by allowing credits to retailers and paying
promptly to manufacturers.
(5)Helping develop the
market for the product.
However, with the increasing popularity of mail-order business and super-market of
operation, the role of
wholesalers and retailers
has been affected A little..