頁二第張四第
日九十月二年丑乙曆夏
1985
中學會考試題預習專欄
中國文學 (廿九)
明德出版社
黎曉明提供資料 ̇魯换珍
北京人
曹禺
(一)早期戲劇的發展:
·五四以後興起的話劇在形式方面來說,
·顯然是受西方的影响;在內容上,初期 的話劇都-
滿了社會問題的色彩。广 生思想對初期話劇的影响是很大的。甜 適第一個寫了「終身大事」選個婚駛問酒 劇,也是業仿易卜生的作品。跟,劇本
·和劇作家都多起來了。其中,留日學生歡 陽子情更組織了戲劇團體———卷期社,也 創造了不少描寫新題材的舊劇,改善了做 劇的表演方法。還時期的作品,如「回家
1985
中學會考試題預習專欄
歷
史
<#>
明德出版社
黃玉瑜 提供資料
HISTORY (29)
VIOLA YAY WOO
MILL & DALE PRESS LTD.
What is nationalism? Describe it in the 1870-1919 period and show how it contributed to the outbreak of the First World War,
ka then nationalism first
became popular in the early 19th century, it referred to the advocacy for national independence from foreign control and unity among a people of a common racial origiu, but - towards the late 19th
century, vlien many European peoples lived. under nations of their own, nationalism meant patriotism or love of T. ones fatüerland. The former was defensive, the latter aggressive, as it was becoming so increasing Fy
Between 1870 and 1915, many conflicts between
the European powers bad their roots in nation- alism. The tatred between Germany and France, they rivalry betwren austria. and Italy, the restless ambitions of the last European peoples whoM worked to free themselves from either Napsburg (Austrían)" or Uttoman' (Turkish) control, veri all typical examples, Thus the two Srbian provinces of Bosnia- Herzegovina in the Balkans desired e political union with Serbia, as the two. provinces vere under Turkish rule. The Turkish Tupire was corrupt and weak, and this encouraged mingr nationalities to rise against the Turks. Complicating the already explosive situation Vus the nationalist interest that the great powers had in the region; Germany dreamt of uniting all Germans in the Balkans to form a greater empire, and Russia dreamt of uniting all fellow Slav people in the areas under her leadership. All was concerned with nationalis
Given this tense. European scene which intense nationalist helped bring about, how theu did the force contribute to the outbreak of the first World War?
The trouble-making v Balkans provided auch of the explanation. First, the Sarajevo assassin- ation that sparked ́off. the war was basically a nationalist attempt on Bosnia's part to challenge zustrian supremacy. The consequent. conflict between ustria and Serbia originated from untionalistNG resentment: the derbian resentment against Austria in blocking Serbia's attempt at. uniting all Serbs, and the Austrian resentment aainst the Serbian challenge. Later, the Russians and the Germans intervend.: russia in support of serbia, and Germany in support of; Austrias. Noth did so because of in purt at leust, the desire for nationalist glory and lendership as we love mentioned.
There were less direct ways how nationu kis brought about the First
WAH KIU YAT PO
報日僑華
一期星
褰**成諷刺什麼,只認爲彷彿有一種情感 的洶湧作推動,發洩了的情感。
以後』是寫留學生的一段戀情,又瘾盛 j是寫女子反抗家庭的故事,劇本尙是 結構完整,雖然,仍見是易卜生的影响。
二、漸漸,戲劇團體也多起來了。有沈雁 冰、際大型、歐陽予倩、汪仲嘅、德佛西 第十三人組崧的「民眾戲劇社」,又有由 田漢組織的「南國阰。第一個戲劇刊物 是「圖」,共出版了十期,介紹了很多(二)「北京人」作者施介: 有關戲劇的理論品技巧,反對當時的確對: *文明感,對後來的影險很大。見於各種 刊物上的戲劇也漸多起來。創造季刊登藏 了田淡的咖啡店的一夜」、「午飯之前 丁,南國半月刊上又發表了他的「落花時
三「鄉」等作品,都應好......
直至一九三四年,曹禺發去了四挑 劇「雷雨』不論在結構,對活方面,都顯
·示出作者的藝術和技巧,被公認自新文學 運動以來,在戲劇創作上罕有的成就。後 来,他又發表了「日出」,「廊野」「 蛻變」。「北京人」等劇本,假戲劇創作 增添了豐盛的果實.........
除了游之外,非深也是重要的製作 家。他是審美學習戲劇的,回國後寫了劇 本「超閎王」,是著名的作品,又如侯曜 ,他的作品「淨利淚」,「棄婦」等,都 您戲劇創作出霞献。此外,但有人利用感 史的故事作題材,寫劇劇本。題材雖取自 舊有故事,往往布發揮了新的。現實的您 義。郭沫若的劇作,「劇文君」「王昭 君」,部表現了反對封建的意識,他的「 女神之再生」、「業缺之花」,都是善於 運用歷史题材創作的作品。
World war, Nationalists within each of the great powers urged their
governments to take-
strong foreign policies, out of emotional: patriotic reasons, The great powers, in aD attempt to divert home. discontent and attention to international affairs, were fond of adopting. precisely those strong foreign policies. In fact, this was one of the reasons fór Austria 's aggressive and
adventurous involvement in the Balkans. The great-power rivalry in colonialian, in which nationalism also played. a part, had already strained great-power relationship. The 1914 crisis therefore drew one after another of the great powers into the enlarging conflict. The First World War was the result..
following:
Discuss the (a) reasons for the
decline of European colonialism after the Second World
(b) reasons for the
rapid economie recovery of Eurovean after :1945.
(a) the reasons for the
decline of European colonialism after the Second World war
After the Second World
gan colonial.
fast dis-
integrating and dis- appearing. In 1939, 500. million people in Asfa “and Africa were under
Furopean rule. In 1970, the number had fallen to 21 million. During these years, the British rapidly granted independence. to India, -Pakistan, “Burma and
Malaya The Dutch could not hold their Far Eastern possessions and the Dutch East Indies became Indonesia in 1945. France withdrew from V Indo-China. In Africa, Tunis, Morocco, Algeria, French West Africa and French Equatorial Africa had all gained .. independence from France by 1962. Meanwhile, the British gave their African colonies self- rule. Ghana became independent in 1957, followed by Nigeria in 1960. By the 1970, old- style coloufaliumhid practically ceased to exist. DAN
Many factors explained, this phenomenon. Firstly, both the US and Soviet Russia were hostile in sentiment and pulicy towards colonialism and obstructed the attempts by European powers to re-establish colonial control after 1945. The Us, for example was reluctant to answer French' appeals for help in Indo-China. Hussia, on the other hand, positively sent aid to countries struggling against imperialism through the Cominform (Communist Information Bureau) Such aid was a significant factor in Jo. Chi Minh's success in Indo-China.
Secondly, owing to the effects of the two world wars, the influence and attitude of the colonial powers had changed. In 1945, they were exhausted. and bankrupt, and what they wanted was dopestic reconstruction; nut further imperial wars in their colonies. The French were greatly relieved after their
overnment had decided. on total withḍrawal: from ̈ Indo-China in 1954, made evident in the vote.
of the French Assembly which approved the Indo-
8
二華製品(一九〇五一一),原名萬家實 。他在中學時代便對戲劇很有興趣,會經 自加演出,細心體察數合經驗。後來,進 北京清華大學主修西洋文學,更努力研究 戲劇和創作,對古希臘的悲劇,尤為愛好
大學畢業後,他先後任教於天津女子| 師範學院,國立藝專,重慶國立戲劇學校| ,上海市立實驗戲劇學校等,所著的劇本 ,有雷雨,日出,原野,北京人靜,都是 著名的作品。
作者又在序中說明了他要表現的,是 宇宙之內的鬥爭,冷酷,是自然的法則, 他強響「序幕」和「尾聲」的重要,他要 加强過種悲劇的情調,以期收到希臘悲劇 一樣的效果。故事描寫大家庭的黑暗和罪 惡,中間穿插錯綜複雜的人物關係。情節 繁凑,人物性格鲜明,這劇作在當時按受 歡迎和注意。
「爾。之後,作者又寫了「日出 」,這一個以都市眾生相爲人物對線的 本,描寫了可憐的婚女,貧人,投機 取巧的銀行經理,可憐的小職職員警等, 作品人物遞費,作者對小人物更予同情憐 憫故能深深的感勵讀者。
,以後,曹禺陸續發表了「原野』 以古老農村做背景,一個農民向土豪復仇 為題材的劇作;「蛻變」一篇一個傷兵 醫院由腐敗而蟷化成良好的過程,還有本
·文要介紹的「北京人」。
曹禺是五四運動以來最負盛名的劇作 家,一九三四年發表四幕長劇了當 引起廣大的注意,認爲他是一位劇作天才(三)「北京人」分析 一、「雷雨小某一個神商家的悲劇,暴露了
藉社會家庭的罪惡,作者自己說過他提筆 創作之時,並沒有躕明地意識城慶民正升
China settlement by 471 votes to 14
Also, the principle of "national independence was
popular among European opinions. Before 1939, colonial rule was still justifiable, provided that the rule was good- intentioned and t benevolent. Yet the Second World Var had: changed this self-.....· confidence, as German imperialism in Europe aroused horror. In British government circles, for example, officials like Attlee believed that Britian bust: leave India, Such kind of view could be found in other Fest: European countries too. As a result, Europe abandoned many of her colonies long before abe was forced to do so.
of
Tirdly, during the Second World War, Japanese victories in Asia greatly affected the future of Western N colonialism. At the height of her power," imperial Japan controlled. Judo-China, Malaya, Burma, the Philippines, the Last Indies and Thailand. The harsh rule of the Japanese. stimulated intense East Asian nationaliss.Then, towards the ending years of the war, number of cuncessions independence were given to these East Asian countries by Japan. Japon was defeated, would thus be morally. impossible for the l'estern colonial powers to refuse these East- Asian countries real
independence. The Japanese occupation, convinced these countries that the Western povers were not all tha t nowerful After 1945, with the rise of nution- aliam, these former colonial countries. struggled for ve independence in South and Southeast Asia.
Finally, the strength of colonial natiega l'iso was indeed mighty. This
colonial autionalism. had 3 roots. First, in colonial arene like Hindu India and Moslem North Africa, native cultures were preserved against European and Christian influence, which led to the rise of native nationalism. Seccad, the introduction of European ideas and practices stimulated nationalian in countries colonized by European Powers, European ideals of liberty, a equality and independence made the colouíal peoples resent their subordina- tion. Third, social and economic changes. brought by the colonial powers to colonial societies, had the effect of creating Giscontent among the native peoples.
Consequently, strung national movelients aruse in countries like India or Indonesia. In the end; a rapid end to the European Empires was made...
(b) teasons for the rapid
economic recovery of Europe after 1945. Years of warfare and devastatiửu hụd by 1945. exhausted most of the. Buropean countries. Yet after 1948 on, economic recovery for Europe as a whole was enerally" quick. There are many reasons for the
phenomenon, to which we will now burn
First, the abundant supply of capital for economic growth was a factor worth considering. Such capital came from the large amounts of public and private investment in war-related
課文節錄的是「北京人」第三幕的片 段。雖然未能從酒片段見得全劇員,但 也反映了一些現實問題和人物性格。所錄
industries during the war years. Even in Germany, the capital stock available for renewed peace-time industrializ- ation was greater than tlie pre-war level. No longer necessary to continue the war-efforts, many European countries could employ war-related. equipment for peaceful
At the same time, labour was abundant. Despite the war which killed many people, the Europeun population was still large, thereby providing a potential working force for economic reconstruction, The Large number of refugees and rural migration to towns increased such a force: for urban. Industries. Besides, these people were willing to wor.. in new and rapidly expanding branches of industry. As labour was cheap. investment waa encouragédityt
Government policies. also played an important part in the economic recovery. Instead of continuing with the pre war unsound economic. policies, the Furopean governmente now adopted new economic policies that actively promoted full employment for the people. As the people expected the government to give the higher material standard of living and economic prosperity, the govern- ment was forced tom develop welfare, measures, the costa of which could be met by economic. growth.
...... In France, for R example, an ambitious national plan of economic development was drawn up. in 1946. In short, European, governments became more active and enthusiastic in assuming the role of stimulating their countries economic activities.
... Internationally, the
protectionist economic policies adopted by the European governmenta before Vorld War. II"now gave way to liberal: commercial free-trade after 1945. This could be seen in the founding of international organisa tions for economic coś operation, like the out. (Organisation forint European Economic Co- operation) in 1948 and. the EEC(Suropean Economic Community) in 1958. Both greatly helped in their members economic performance, for trade was made easier and greater industrial specialization for the countries was made.. possible.
We must not, however, overlook the important contributions made by the US to Europe's economic.. recovery. In 1947, George Marshall, then the American Secretary or State, monounced a program to help the Europe on economies which was known as the Marshall
Plan, Ný Gid-1950, nearly -10,000 million US dollars.
had been made available to many robean countries. Besides; the military aids that the US sent to Europe and the expenses of American tropps there had tile same beneficial effects for: the European countries.
Lastly, scientific and technological advance served to quicken the speed of
industrialization. For instance, uses, of oil, natural gas and nuclear energy began to replace the traditional
dependence on coal for. pover. As" more machines performed human jobs, manual work, was reduced,
經濟
日八月四年五八九一曆公年四十七國民華中 育教僑華
片段,是以爭論不潤題為中心。焦老大 爺以最上等的油漆,漆了十五年之久的一 蘇」,眼製給杜婦家抬走了,會老爺 是十分痛心,他的長媳陰狠哲在,父兒懦 弱,女婿無聊墮落......... ...他只能寫他們 是不一靈能說會道」的腰物。
二、他方面是對兒女慰媽教出一方面 也像慫悔的說:「邋房子從你們的大爺耀: 慈德公公傳下來的,我們是凹面門第,父 慈子孝,沒有人說過句話。現在我們家
·製出了我溶種不幸的了採一「敗壞 了會家的門處,發出了一系不明問題,不 背上進,不知李艇,守成都做不到的兒 女王。「這是我對不起我的祖宗,我 沒有面目再見我們的祖先在德公?」他 多難過,至於為什麽會導致這個結果,會 甜是不明白的,不知道的,對於敗壞了會 家書香門第,父慈子半的門厲,他只能區 傷、難
在道小片段真,對於會酷的長媳的生 格,也可窺得一二了。她表面假裝順,離 着「忠孝不能兩全」,其實她的陰險慈審 ,會家誰不怕惡,連會文參也不禁說她: ↑大嫂,你太欺侮多了。」她對會酷的表 面緯敬,已漸漸把持不來了,既給文彩織
(廿九)
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ECONOMICS (29)-
KK WONG & LIT. CHAN-
MILL & DALE PRESS LTD.
Trade and Industrial Development in Hong Kong
The Government's Pole Path To facilitate the trade and Industrial development, the Hong
Kong Government provides assistance": in respect of the following services?!
Institutional Services - The goverment bas helped to provide: inatitational,« assistance for trade and industry through the Hong Kong Trade Development Council, the Hong Kong Export. Credit Insurance Corporation and the Hong Kong Productivity Centre. These organi -zationg are financed
from public funds and provide sales promo- tion services, a credit insurance scheme, and various types of training and consultancy services. respectively.
The government also provides financial and other support for: bodies such as the Federation of Hong. Kong Industries, the Hong Kong Management association, the Hong Kong Industrial Design Council and the Hong Kong Packaging Council.
Industrial-Training
The two
universities in Hong. Kong provide
technological training. in engineering, architecture and electronic science. The Hong Kong Polytechnic provides technical and g vocational education.
through its full-time and part-time courses. Both universities and the polytechnic are financed from public funds.
The Government, also runs some technical institutes which provide technical training at craftsman: and technician levels andy have full-time and part-time courses.
The Government also encourages and assists companies to start apprenticeship...
training schemes so that an adequate Bupply of technically. qualifies manpower for trade and industry is snsured.
Industrial Land Policy - Industrial sites
are normally sold by means of public auction, tender or the Letter B exchange system. However, the government's sale of land is sometimes" made on special terms in order to accomodate those industries that are land and capital intensive or passes a high level of technology the -presence of which is
considered to be economically desirable to Hong Kong.
Futhermore, and Industrial Estates, Corporation has been set up to develop and
manage industrial estates. The first Industrial estate under construction at Tai Po and the
“破了,不得不反感相跌了。
......此外,能錄片段為幅不多,其他人 ̇物如江泰的無獎,愛我無詢議論,亦寫得 形象生動。又如作者對情節轉移的交代。 人物出場的介紹,台詞所表達的戀情,鄰 有很好的運用。將如本段中寫長思缸图 媽:「思益面色陰睛,雙着眉頭,隔得 十分豆離又十分發屬的樣子,她穿件咖啡 色起黑花的長袖檢糠袍,靠胳膊射的地方 有些磨光了,帕子上的紐扣沒扣,青禮服 呢鞋。繼而又笃她「猛然撲在沙發的扶手 上,有聲有色地哭起來」,道就顯示了人 物性格的內心感情了。再如常方的出場是 :「始竊着深米色的飛夾袍,面剋較一個 月前略瘦,因而她的眼睛更圈得大而有光 彩,我們可以看得出在那要面含者鎮靜, 和平和堅定的神色。」她個性的深靜和紀: 謝力,似乎都可以看到了。
本期望作:
proposed second site ie at Yuen Long-
B. Other Services
Banking
Commercial
disputes. By
coordinating with the
government, the
Chamber helps to promete trade and attract new industries to Hong Kong. It is now a member of the International Chamber of Commerce and the Federation of .. Commonwealth Chambers of Commerce.
Hanks in Hong Kong. are well specialised in financing inter- national trade as well as financing domestic activities. They maintain extensive- credit information. and commercial ·· introduction services for their clients and for those who wish to establish business with Hong Kong.
At the end of 1979, there were 115 licensed banks in Hong Kong and many of them have branches and correspondents all over the world, Hong Kong can offer a comprehensive banking service in an inter- national scale. In addition. The abaence
lience
of any exchange control régulations: further allows a minimum of formality and a quick handling of transactione.
Insurance
Insurance also contributes substantially to the growth and prosperity of Hong Kong and it plays a critical role in trade and industrial develop- ment. There are many insurance companies represented in Hong Kong either through their head offices, branch offices or through agencies held by merchant houses. All classes of insurance, are readily available there.
Chambers of Commerce The Hong-Kong · General Chamber of Commerce is the earliest established trade and industrial" organization in Hong Kong Its membership represents all branches of commergė and industry and is represented an a
number of government::.. boards and committees. Its main purposes àre to foster trade and industry, to protect the transaction of businese and to arbitrate in commercial disputes. The Chamber is a member of the Inter- national. Chamber of Commerce, and, the Federation of Comodɔ- wealth thaters of
Campierce'.
Other organizations brother organizations which help to prouste. and facilitate trade and productivity include the Federation of Hong Kong Industries, the Chinese Manufacturer Association of Hong Kong, the Hong Kong Exporteras Association, the Amercian Chamber of Commerce. the Hong
)品简介會 在戲劇方面的成就
參考(二)作
二部分析所塑造的幾個人物的性格
會酥、思酪和江泰。 參考(三)作
Kong Japanese Chanbir
"of Commerce and
Industry, the Hong
Kong Shippers Council
and the Hong Kong
Management
Association.
附加數
明德出版社 高方提供資料
ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS: (229)】
S.F. KO
MILL & DALE PRESS LTD:
Exercise 15: General
Revision
Given that
2. f(x)=x3+ax2+bx+ó,
where a, b, c are real constants. Find the valuea of band c when the following conditions are all satisfied:
x is a factor of 1'(x). (x+2) is a factor of f(x), and
when f(x)
is divided by (x-1), the remainder is
2. Given that the circle.
22
+2y +4x-12y+15=0.
Find the co-ordinates of the centre and the radius.
b) Find the equation of the straight line through the origin and the centre. If the line in (b) cuts the circle at P and where Pis furthest from the origin," find the.. co-ordinates of P and qua Find the equation of the tangent through
34
when +i
If x=2+1у, where x, y are real, shown that
is purely imaginary, the locus. of the point (x,y) is a circle of radius.
5. State the co- ordinates of the
centre of the circle. what is the polar form of
(1) (√5+1)a
(ii) (73-1)
where n is an integer: Hence, or otherwise, find the value of (√3+1)+(√3-1)".
Given the curve:
yax+bx+Ë. This curve: meets the x-axis where x-3 and x-1 and it passes through the point (1,12). Find the values of a, b and Find also the area bounded by the curve and the x-axis.
(1) P(x,y) is any point
and O makes an angle with the positive x-axis, where 0 is the origin. Find the equation of OP
(ii) If the line in (1) is rotated about the
x-xis, a right circular cone of height and semi- vertical angle is generated, Find its volume..
a) Expand (1-x)".
b) Given that
x" (1~x) = q(x)(1+x*)+c (1) Find a polynomial
(x) satisfying the above condition.. (11)Find also the value
ofe e} Using the results of
(b), show that
.32