育教僑華頁一第張六第日九十月正年亥癸膰
1.983
中學會考試題預習專欄
地理
(廿四)
明德出版社李隱業提供資料 Geography (24)
Y, Y. Lee
MILL & DALE PRESS LTD.
47. The graphs below giv
details of Japon's power supplies: in: 1962 and 1972。 Describe and explain the main changes which have taken place in the power: supplies in Japan during this period.
1972
·Types of Power Supply
-Nuclear Power
toat
Petroleum Natural Gas
•Total 344 million polilter. (In Petroleum Equivalent) ∙∙Sources of Power supply
Imported. Home
Powier
1962:
-50%
100%
••Types of Power Supply..
'Petrozum
Coal
& National
Wood
Total 94 million kilolitres, (In Petroleum Equivalent's Sources of Power Supply
Imported.. thome
Power
50%
Supplies
100%
Suggested Answers:
General Changes of Power Supplies insJapan:
From the graphs, ve can see that the total demand. for power in Japan
increases greatly. The reasons are explicit. In recent decades,
industrial progress in Japan has been remarkable repid, this in trun has raiaed the living. standard which contributes to the increasing demand. However, the stock. energy resources in the country is in a large measure meagre, so the: country has to rely. considerably on foreign supplies. As she has not been able to expand her domestic supplies, there is an increase of imported energy.
Types of: Power Indicating Decrease in importance:
Although, coal is still the second most important energy consumed in Japan, the demand of it. decreases. Despite the smell reserves, the: production of coal in Japan is relatively uneconomical, because the coal seams are thin and faulted. Besides the coal in Japan is generally of poor quality, only a small portion of which can be used for coking and other specialized purposes.
H.E.P. which had long been an important power supply in Japan,
decreases considerably in
能有
WAH KIU YAT PO
報日僑華
importance. In recent
years, the amount of thermal electric power
日三月三年三八九一曆公年二十七國民華中
四期星
about three quarters of the bauxite deposits are total energy source
mostly regions or in |areas, which experienced
in Japan, yet she ia 'able
outruns that of the hydro- to aupply only a small electric planta: Japanis quite well endowed with water power but most at: the suitable sites had already been tapped before the War, and further development is hindered by the consider- able fluctuations of river flowage on account of the seasonal variations.in/ precipitation; the abortness of rivers; and faulted and previous valley floors, Some of the sites may be populated by farmers and are remote from markets which means righer transmission costs. Wood is no longer important as
a source of
| power because of the Law thermal capacity and is inconvenient to use,
Types of Power Indicating
in Importance: Increase
The graph apparently reveals that oil has been playing the most signifi- cant role in Japan's power consumption. The consumption in petroleum. which is a convenient and relatively clean liquid fuel, is speedily on the rise as a substitution for other forms of fuels. It is greatly used in all types of transpart means electrican Igle
1 applicances and any types of
industrial machinery,
now, oil accounts for e
amount and is of low |grade. To meet the
increasing demand, every effort in exploitating new resources and colaborating with China in extracting oil from the Pohai and the Yellow Sea is made. Supertankers are used which enable the importation of foreign petroleum at a low.price.
48. Beuxite is often:
mined in tropical countries and refiued in temperate countries, using Australia as an example, give a reasoned account.of. her production and trade of bauxite to illustrate this
statement.
Suggested Answers..
Reasons for the Mining of Bauzite in Tropical Region:
Bauxite is a clay with a high conteut of: aluminium oxide. Australia is one of the important bauxite producers in the world. Most of the bouxite is mined in the tropical parts of the country:
where 234 si runs across
ita south, e.g. along the coast of the Cape - York Peninsula at Weipa and 'Gove. Bauxite mining.
18 a active in such
tropical areas
since
tropical climates in the geological past. It is because bauxite is the
end product of tropical weathering. Nearly all clay containa aluminium compounds but only in areas where high temperatures and abundant rainfall (condition. common in tropical climates) have led toa concentration of the aluminium oxides in the. sub-soil. Only under the humid hot and rainy climatic regions where red laterite soil is formed as a result of the accumulation of insoluble oxides of iron and aluminium minerals, it would have contaiied a fair amount of aluminium oxide known as.bauxite。 Reasons for the Refining in Temperature Region:-
Oftenly bauxite is not refined locally. Bauïïte mined in the tropical regions of Australia is mainly for export. Oue of the determinating factor iamarket availability。 When the ore is mined, it is uanally transported to the regions where aluminium is mostly needed. Huge markets are usually the developed. industrial regions where a lot of finished ·
consumer goods made of aluminium are consumed or considerable quantities
of aluminium
are needed
in construction industry.
Since such industriál
advanced countries are
mostly found in temperate
regions, alumina is mostly refined along the coast of temperate countries such as in Australia; bauxite is either exported to the refineries at Glandstone, Kurri Kurri and Bell Bay. or to the temperate countries Japan, Germany, France and U.S.A.,where a number of fabriation planty are located: and the dense population forms, ready market. Resides these, it may also be due to the fact that enormous quantities of electric power are required in the production of aluminium, so regions with cheap I.E.P. are favoured in. the choice of refinerien locations. Since most of the well tapped H.E,P. stations are found in temperate regions such as in USA., Japan, and
Bell Bay in Australia, it is obvious why alumina plants and aluminium smelters are found there. |But in regions with 超
rich coal supply, thermal power can be substituted: for LE P. Most of the well" developed coalfielda in the world are found in temperate regions, such those at fermany, and near Gladstone and Kwinana in Australia, bauxite is therefore
refined there
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豈不哀哉!
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三 加拿大 多倫多 劍橋國際書院
劍橋國際書院爲加拿大安大略省政府註冊承認之 高級中學 - 現招收夏、秋季之11、12、13班新生。
1:本校設備完善,有標準諜室、實驗室、圖書館、醴堂、飯堂。 2.新型宿舍,位處校園之內,全部舖設地氈。
3.紀律嚴明,師資優良,大學入學準達九成以上。 4.維持劍橋一貫良好辦學作風。
5.專人指導大學選課及生活細節。
6. 由今年1月份開始,本校每一學期的上課時間,均為16星期。 7.歡迎學生及家長查詢及比較。
香港辦事處:劍橋學言院3-916009: 尤胞彌敦道 719 號錕都藺榮大廈 3字樓 3-953113