育教僑華 頁三第張六第七初月一十年申庚歷
1981
中學會考試題預習專欄
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明德出版社
王啓光
Economic & Public Affairs (10)
K. K. Wong & L. T. Chan
MILL & DALE PRESS LTD.
DEFLATION and INFLATION
Deflation
Deflation refers to conditions when the general pfices and costs of goods and services are falling
cdntinuously (j.e. the value of money is rising), In general, deflation tends to benefit. ereditors and people whose incomes respond only slowly to falling prices at the expense of debtors and those whose incomes are more flexible. To the economy as a whole, however, deflation has harmful effects since bankruptcy of firms and unemployment may result.
Inflation
⠀ Inflation refers to conditions when the general. prices and costs, of goods and services are rising
continuously (i.c. the value of money is declining). In
guneral, as opposite to
deflation, inflation tends to
benefit debtors and people.
日三十月二十年〇八九一曆公年九十六國民華中
報日僑華
六期星
(a) Inflation may be caused by:
an increase in the amount
is known as cost-push inflation.
WAH KIU YAT PO
"whose incomes respond quickly to rising prices at the expense:
of creditors and people whose incomes are slow to change. But, just like deflation,
inflation is also harmful to: the ceconomy and thus both inflation and deflation should be avoided. if possible.
If the prices and costs are rising relatively slowly (i.e. a relatively slow decline of the value of money), the situation is called creeping inflation of.. pesistant inflation. On the othär hand, the situation when the prices and costs are rising. rapidly and out of control(i.e. the value of money is' declining very rapidly and eventually to almost nothing) is known as hyperinflation or runaway inflation or galloping inflation.
:Types of Infiation
(1) Demand-pull inflation
This refers to the type. of inflation mainly induced by excessive demand ire. prices rise as a result of that aggregate demand is. greater than aggregate. supply (total output) of goods and services.
(2) Cost-push inflation
When an inflation is essentially induced by
rising costs of production, especially rising wages, it
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(3). Imported inflation:
This type of inflation usually occurs in economies which are small and depend a lot on international trade e.g. Hong Kong. These small countries generally Chave no strong influence or bargaining power over the. prices of their exports or imports and are thus called. pricetakers. When an inflation occurs somewhere else, it may sooner or later be 'imported' into these countries and imported. inflation is said to have occurred.
QUESTION
1. What is inflation and what are
the common causes of inflation ? Discuss the effects of inflation upon the daily life of an average Hong Kong. consumer today?
題
Inflation refers to conditions when the general prices and costs of goods and services are rising
continuously (i, e, the value of
money is declining in a continuous: manner),The common causes of inflation are
as follows::
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THE WAY OF THE DRAGON
陸,優受激子推點:對,說菜生,畏風團於發准
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of money in circulation or by a drop in the supply of goods and services.
(b) It may occur as a result of
excess demand (ie. demand-pull inflation)
induced by an increase in demand of goods and:
services by consumers as well as overspending by firms or by
A wernments:
(c) Inflation may occur
because of rising costs of production. (i, e, cost-push: production).
(d) Inflation may be caused by
natural disasters, social disturbances or wars. It may also be caused by the : deliberate policy of the
government or speculatus whe stockpile goods in order to force the price level. upwards to realize abnormal -profits.
The effects of inflation. upon the daily life of an average Hong Kong consumer are:
The effects of inflation
| upon different groups of.
consumers are essentially different. In general, there will
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網路授孚分之營期需要,申請研讀之情,將
博士將於一九七七年來,南等三科,以配合賞源,無中文大學談中文中學生進校園的 入華後之登年考獲GM生可用中文或英文作答,高級锐度
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一大。一切以英文中學中七學生爲依 「出英文作答。還有,無論港大成山
「老八科主修,竺科適估,為便於研討,以獲 與分析、數分析二段一离芝申請,不雄如告 用中文中學中六程度爲本,避對中 台九年詧開設鞬濟研究一十五名。將街布厚非的,但中大死中交大學,而不 致更出之黹敦與手救 ,共三十三學分。一九一果汁,並對基因,迷大過英文文學,此舉是無可
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學的存在價汰。不靈不照顧中文中 不過时,要求政府不應忽視中女中,
;政府公務悌蓝定中,只有中學 六頇科畢業的份兒!難怪實接及发
·且在選人方厮都術取錄英文中學 會考畢業和中七預科畢業却设有中
好或以上才可,是毫無道理的,而
「牛的特殊需要。
·大讀醫科,而是一個夢想,中文 中學之受馘裾,交此爲甚,現在煤
•而且中文中畢業生將來要入中
學畢業生從此有模做一股所長了 勰條件。谂然是中七學生有優先森 登科中文大學當局所宣布的醫科入
·要到燕大才可誼醫料,以爲中变中 中大成立醫學院了,以爲從此不需 不可,這無異是要追家身邊自己的 兕女非到英文出李讀書不可。曉慧 西。到漸大就讀則非要讀英文中學
糍路及中文 中學的畢 梁生何苦要 i記得在城市論鋆巾蕾莎花眼員會 ̇馬對蕤裡,守省有很大的感品
人的世界!
中學生摒除門外。在迥裡,逛者點:
,請支持责校長關赓中文中暴的建
- 不要將賨蒸洽個社會成爲酸隔.
大辉疾呼,請不哀再壓迫中文中学
行發界世版再代年十八,
[白對語與配精
be a risc in the prices of
consumer goods and services e, g, rents, food stuffs etc. The purchase and consumption patterns of consumers will
"change accordingly. Necessary goods will increase in demand while spending on luxuries will be decreased. Saving's:
will also be less and people will try 心
earn more money to increase their real incomes; Generally speaking debtors and people whose incomes respond quickly to inflation will gain while creditors and people with relatively fixed income will lase. Lower income: people will likely be hurt more because of the rise in the. prices of necessary Items. Thus, there is generally a redistribution of income. The people in Hong Kong will tend to purchase more imported items since these products are now relatively cheaper than before because of inflation. When hyperinflation occurs, there will be a fall in investment and unemployment will result. Likewise, as the prices of exports of Hong Kong. rise due to inflation, the competitive power of these items will be weakened and exports tend to decrease: Since Hong Kong is su
exportdependent, the economy
of Hong Kong and hence the life of the consumers will be
adversely affected.
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| BEHAVIOR ', 't. 梁,俾研究員能簋得最新的高級界榨田識技能,姊代記是多 核項囅賂能在本港提供潮位高級學位的實隨機會,而要,在演詞中鏢然沒有明盛的晚 已畢業之大森學生校當烈迎與廚涕。一方褔因爲·黃校長所设的中文中學的特殊 授研究院須上學堂經歷以來,即受到本港在校成「中學的態庭,實在是使人致敬的。 自對仁學院於一九七九年首前由美大赛在港驎校民国纸韶疽心長,十分關锎中文 MGT 503 SEMINARIN ORGANIZATIONAL DONKE |AL ECONOMICS),及「祖微行爲之研紗」),目前中文中學的恐生人數,約佔 IN MANAGER 一月二十五日港大畢業瓞上自出 特殊需憂不應被忽嗅的。對於資
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接受本潮不斷發朕的工商業需求與挑戰,而成爲一 和前導,汲取瑯粲學識,-
實自己。而且,如能,而是說英交中學的畢業生給政府 生經抱叵额費用 - 便可親身接受美感教授的提無一不是指中文中學的亟菜生揆度不佳 其工餘時間,在港進修,既不須遠渡重啟,艾不上英文中學的。遁裏說的比不上。 優秀的梯翻級發射。另一方面各研究員又可利用科學方面來說,現韓致是進還比不 馬賽完成共項表證,並可獲得由熱寶北大學張後,移待了,中文中學則該齿码。這句,工科或醫科,則非憑到港大就不 羅馬古麟獸塲展決關
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