食教僑華頁一第張八第 日八廿月五年未己居室
1979
中學會考試題預習專欄
經濟及公共事務科
建議參考資料
高明德出版社提供
SECTION B
(a) Problems Ancountered in 'the Develoment of Tuen New Town
Limited supply of flatland is the most serious physical. problems. Except for the marrow valley floor, the area is rather hilly. lills, like the Castle Peak fill, are found -flanking both the cast- ern and western sides of the valley. The steep slops, wäich descend directly to the sez, render the coastal dove- lopment difficult. In order
to obtain enough flatland for the development, vast côpital has to be invested, and fime has to be consumed lovelling the hills, terrao- ing the slopes and mclaimi the ser Loreover, Tuen Mun is quite far away from the urban areas, meaning
nsportation between the
regions is likely a pro-
(3) Suggested Landuse Planning
to ture Tuna kátín into a Balanced and Self-contain- ed Community
In order to turn Tuen Man sto a balanced and self- contained community for ball
million peopl careful- lax
zoning akonid be made
To bause the people, proportion of land
ld be used for res
that better
low-cost
lestial
22 JUN 1979
WAHA KILE
ferry piers and goNOTES: Should. be constructed."
(a) Type of Agricultora.
Activity
Dairying
Reasons for the Develop- ment of Dairying in the Waikato Basin
PHYSICAL FACTORS: Vaikato Basin enjoys warw temperate oceanic climate. It is alm
var all the year round. Viaters are mild (around 9°C), without any frost problem. Such a wara condition. pernite. out-door grazing throughout the year, cutting down the production cost-
The abundant and evenly distributed rainfall and the fertilized soil allow the growth of excellent grass and hay crops like alfalfa all the year.
ine cool summer tempera- tures (around 18, C) are also.
aging since dairy cattle give meh silk in cool guzzers and nilk cas be kept for a longer time.
The Yaikato Basin is undulating plain with small population pressure, cheap land is therefore available for the ruming of dairy farza which can derive higher
ara per muit en them that from the practice of other
for the cattle,
HUMAN FACTORS:
supply
are good road net- onnect the banla to bouring large cities Auckland City and
Local market is
報日僑華
managezent, a significant
loss of rubber land to scall holdings is resulted
Other factors such as the long time required to Lake for a return and the require÷ent of abun- dant labour are also dia- couraging,
It is obvious that such of the former rubber land has been replaced by the growth of oil valu. The increase in oil palx acreage is due to the increased de- mand in the crop, - which can be used in producing a great varieties of products like margarine, soap and coszetics The labour required is only about half of that of rubber.
Some land for coconut plantation is also replaced by oil pain.
At the saze time, there is the introduction of new plantation crops like cocoa and anger cane. This is mainly due to the government's policy to diversify fara crops and to stablize the market price.
(b) Explanation of the Inpat-
Output Model of PlantatioR Africnl bore, with Heferei
to Rabber Plantation in
Parysia
INPUTS
Malaysia experi-
De dial climate of
ences. which teperatures are high (25°C) all year reound and rainfall is abundant (1,000
2,000 s.n.) and evenly
tributed. Such a type of rm and moist condit
le for the
of Since
falls
五期星
日二廿月六年九七九一层公年八十六國民華中
problems are urban congestion and pollution..
Due to the hilly nature of the conurbation, there is an insufficient supoly
of space. The high population density and keen competition of landuse result in bìgh rent,
which in turn encourages vertical develoment of buildings. High-rising com- plex with small dwelling units are found..
The conurbation is of: high accessibility. The con- centration of economic activi~ ties there ofier job opport¬ unities and higher living. standardi. A lot of people are therefore attracted to
igrate there. The streets are congested with people. and traffic vehicles.
Pollution is sure to be
gases problem, too. Waste se like carbon monoxide, nitroges oxide and sulphur dioxide discharged from factories and vehicles are harmful to the inhabitants. There is a lack of green belt and open space to serve as city 'lungs! The dense road neturok with varti- cal expansion among high-rise- vaïldings is likely to trap noise between them, The roof helicopter pad and Ballet. Train also cause noise polla...
tion.
(2) Changing Pattern of
Industrial Location in China since 1949
Prior to 1953, the majer industrial centres in China. nly found along the
Kancharia. lith
First uration of the
Plaa în
decentralizatioER- Frean fed
(ternoon,
for
wester
alluv able.
good
alae suit.
ob
read inland -
the
for districts of
skilled and
and Cente
input for
ting
like
order to achieve regional self-sufficiency, the dove- lopment of local industries which were closely linked with local agriculture was the first step. Industries. like the production of farm tools, fertilizers, bricka, cezent and steel were deve loped to encourage the exploitation of local sources. Key cities as industrial centres for gional development were ea- tablished, such as Shanghai, Lanchow-Sian and Urunchi ae the industrial hearts of Yangtze Delta, Central China and N.W. China respectively.
·Such a development plan, of course, was also planned to redistribute population in China, te improve standard of living and to integrate ninority
races.
10:
Physical Factors leading to the Flooding of
Flooding of Huangho is partly due to the useren dis- tribution and are
great variability of rainfall in the area. The sudden torrential de poers in Buser and melting ice în Boring cause high flow of water în the river, making it liable to flooding,
Rapid deposition in the river bed is another principal factor. The river flowa rapidly in its and therefore,
erosional power,
EK CORTSG,
great.
especially true when it flewa through the Leesa Plateau of which the soil is easily eroded because of the careless deforestation in the past. heavy load is thas adde tge river carried domstream. and final deposited behind.
inte
Deposition is extremely rapid
LION
course when the
bed
(0)
The far is built on an undulating plain with only few interruptions by low bills.
It
be
divide
icated
There should also be areas 20zed
industrial: uses. they are better to be In the outer zonen oz.
ther away; fro
resid
ФЬ
how
identia
so that can be
site for a pover
too.
ch thin the romide tinh
industrial belts, should be much open and green belt. In
air there remains and people can liv
ygenic enY
Other facilities all, the basic needs shelter” security% education and recreati should be provided too should be land planne building hospitals and for building schools social welfare organ Along the coast, Shelter for fishing should be construct
Coupled with the
ment of the Név
ortation should be. Reblic transport service
be provided. Main
ere
rondg linking up the mov tom
th the uruan areas should be
Local read tuurk ould be well planned for onvenient inter-sonal zov
Along the court,
norther
ize size
ddecks
pit.
ki
The fara iz close të sads which enables transport of dairy pre te large cities like ülten and Aukland,
planta
toe, and
ily obtained
forein invest-ents
rder to increase yield and se quality, laboratory esearches are done by the Rubber Research Institute.
OUTPUTS Prith
opera
ex
ation.
for quality
ing, etc., while
for paying buying food, ferti- lizer and insecticide.
(6) Description ef
Growth of Tokyo Com bation.
the Agricul-
radnál along" the coast fro
led to rubber
The decrease of rubber land in mainly due to
and fizetantiens in ber prices în 190 affected by the kee tition from syntheti: The splitting of lar plantation into an
inge is another factor After the independency Kalaysia, many former rubber plantation owners left the country leaving th
the hands of local pe Due to the lack of capital,
techniqu
sad sežentific
whe
#tl
to Kann
and Yokohama. was faster since the latter long been an outport
for Tokyo.
East-
The coalescence se three cities is
encouraged by the
loped transport memangat then. growth to Comba waa
ienced latex and finally our coastal cities
tely merged up to:
conurbation
(b) Major Urban Problems
The tus major urban
phout the
the far western province of Sinkiang in the N...
(b) Reasons for the
of Industrial Escations: în Chinn since 1949,
The first atage of developmen before 1953 Cas
period of rehabili tion It planned mainly to pre-
consolidate and ize the existing dustries, The Industrie ere therefore, still concentrated at the old centres, reflecting the effect of industrial inertia
The decentralization and dispersion in the and third stages
political re
centres were estab
srior Location
importance since the
oding
therefore
(b) Vain lessures taken for
Flood Control
To control flooding of Hwanghe, silt-retaini aro constructed. the Jiuchis Gorge' Gorge Dan and Langyang
the largest.
help to regulate river flo and retain flood water.
der to reduce the
silt added to the
methoŝs "of seil tion have been tri
arestati on
and plantis
the north are all
ccessful.
trai
partly
river
Thed
not so vulnerable to attack.
great effort put in exploitation of new irces an construction
ways and railway: beglected. Z
iemt af zor indus- trial centres in Sinkiang
made possible by the
the
rece
of oil-fields and tion of Lanchew. ailway.
trial deva
in Szeckran Batin mas ai by opening up of
oilfields at Nanchong
LP. in the Fin kiver and
mloitation of Phom plas
discover
en of oilfields at
nd iron ore in
good exam
The aim to achieve - region ecozenie balance
a main reason for the changing pattern.
flood di
llies
In the Lower
the
are
dre
orces,
ged and
constructed All these help to lessen the danger of flooding.
(c) Benefits of the
for the Agricultural Activities in the North China PlL
With the construction of the silt-retaining dama, flooding is brought under control and ixrigation water is supplied. Theré maice. possible the opening up of marginal land and the grow-
ing of more
Crøpe à YERK. the soil conser- tion practices, soit becomes Ere fertile, 411 these attempts help to raise the agricultural productivity and encourage diversification of crops. Extra incom be obtained by the growth af vegetables other than single-crop grain, also provide good sites for the construction of H.B.P. station, making farming meelunization possible.