頁二第張八第日七廿月九年午戊饜复
WAH KIU YAT PO
£ff • & 15 • *
1979
中學會考試題預習專欄 中國歷史(三)
雄風出版社陳日華提供資料
(3)清初之內政及其治政策(精)
(五)康熙、雍正、乾馋三朝爲潤代之全盛時期,不論文 洽、武功,均足關進。分析其實要政績,並分析 满知統治波策之特點。
(甲)廣限之政鰍(1662-1722)
(1) 開殺博學鴻儒科一以天大初定,明
朝遺民逸老,不時露山河救國之思。 乃極力圖來。康熙十二年(1673)語 舉「山林釀逸」;十七年(1678)邃
·昭德州學鴻儒,錄取數千人。
(2) 拋倡導術——開明史馆,金儲備臣入 翰林院」佐撰,又易成廉字典、河
·文龍府,湘艦數函等回籍。某輯今 圖書集成,用以廠术土人之反抗意識 (3) #CE DASHURAIS JE » BA
斌、張伯行皆位*
1979
中學會考試題預習專欄
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經濟
Economic and Public Affairs (3) Production and types of production.
The purpose of production is to
satisfy the needs of consumers
by making goods and services.
Input
Capital
Land
Labour
Fntrepreneuship
Production process
Output
Goods and Services
Consumers
Therefore, production can be defined as the activities or a list of production processes. which make use of raw materials with the combination of other factors of production so as to produce goods and service to satisfy human vants directly or indirectly,
For instance, there are a
there number of productive processes. existing in clothes manufactur- ing:
||Growing]
Spinning
Weaving
Knitting
Dyeing]
Printing]
1979
(4) 揚倡理學......重憶母孔,親蹑孔廟,
,藉未信倫國學說,控制士人思想行 曲,更把朱憲配耙叶哲,統制天下之 靈離容權。
(5) 賦稅......康熙五十一年(1712)
下令盛世期生人丁,永不加歌、艾音 榮幾種。
(6) 南巡怕河——六次南巡,閱胎黃河工 程,河蟲精息,勤求民釀,亦以震慑
(7) BUEN--TORTATIMOR
明珠之服務
(8)禁止奴———明代仍有蠆奴之風,帶
租下令除此陋習。 (9)禁止圈地 入關後,宗敏及八度將
領團佔百姓田地,御史傳最炭禁。 行之。
(10)定準蠵候————喪鼠三次親征,卒將準
·陳爾不定,阿爾泰山之東入消版圖。
(Z)NEZEN (1723--1735)...........
(1) 吏館——針對职阻晚年之飄他,
嚴厲對付貧官,使內無權好,外無重
·
減免缺税江南之蘇、极、蟹、湖 四府於明代賦稅特黨,一串法,各 省稅額劃一,然增收匯稅,關稅,菟 「卷糧」,故雖震用兵而財用不缺。 (3)除「蔬民」陽級——山西、陕西之樂
Finishing|
Garment making
In the stages of production,
raw cotton can be comed, woven,
blended, printed, dyed and unde
into material which is tailored 2 into attractive dresses.
The productión activities can be classified into serveral stages which are carried onto step by step.
Cost of land and Capital
$10
Cost of
Labour
$19
$10
$20
#10
20
$40.
$10
$10
$60
$80
the value of finished product
In each stage, the value of manufacturing product is added and the utility of the product produced in every stage is increased,
Therefore, production is the value — adding process because the value of the product is accumulated through various stages of production. Accordingly, production can be. classified into 3 types:- 1. Primary production":"\
It is the production of raw materials made available by nature. Usually it is the basic form of production such as agricultute, mining, quarruing, oil drilling. fishing etc.
Primary producta, which are also known as primary goods are products of natural resources. For example, tobacco, iron ore, crops, coal, wheat are all primary products. They are made to
(1) water;
(ii) cone HS04-
報日僑華
六期星 ®
我浙東之隋民,微州之神、掌國 之世德、常熟之可白蟻、街、關定 謎民,廣東之確民,削「釐民」之號
HAI (4)规和滿應用人咖方,不滿,漠
、張廷玉、岳鍾琪等漢人將獲髂健。 又刊大劇《迷錄,調和滿、漢民族間 之羅開。
(5)数抑架堂————禁止宗室交外漤,應死 盘弟允禟、尤襖及除諾響。
(6) 證環機處——因用兵西北,政王又 不甜國事·易魂模密,乃成立軍機處 ,用以提高軍,讓攬朝政,加强專 制政治
(7)改上牌确——接納要南巡鄂爾泰建 話,巖西南邊地之世襲土司,由朝廷
滋官,以削其潛伏之勢力。 (8)收伏理蔵——————1724年,雍正平者為 安裝獎,設正蝦藏大臣,統兵分駐前 後藏。西嫩至此正式成中國領土。
(A)REZEN (1736-1795)
(1) 騰起特科博學塑膠、經學、陽城 馬周皆於此時招帶。巡所至,又召 KATE - WHAT?
(2) 糊豆者——解决瀾費,開四庫館,
金約時等儒臣集四庫全書,凡3457部 -79070卷 • 爲中國有史以來最大之
(3) 辨千宴——一种敬老人,粉飾太平。 (4)用兵津區——自稱「十全老人」,有 meet the need of consumption of human being on one hand, and provide raw materials that make further stages of production possible on the other hand, ⠀⠀ Secondary production refers to all manufacturing industries, such as toys, vigs, electronic products, and garment manufacturing.. It is the process of utilis king all the raw materials, equipments, machinery and more complicated labour akill to produce new products.
Secondary products are those semi-finished or finished products which are made of new
materials, such as furnitures, garment, household electronic appliances (>
etc..
Tertiary production refers
to the
ision of services For cer
the transpor- tation services is nested after the finished products have been manufactured. There are 3 kinds of
services:
1. Commercial services –
e.g. banking, insurance,
ware housing. ii, Social and community
services – ë.g, medical welfare, education, hou- ging and fransportation. iii. Personal services – e.g.
the performance of singer, autor and entertainer etc.
Why agriculture is insignifi- cant in Hong Kong in comparison with other industries? Agriculture is one of the main types of primary production in Hong Kong, Compared with other industries, primary production contributes relatively little
A
日八廿月十年八七九一瑟公年七十六團民都中育教
「十全武功」 (與伊;兩 定大小金川;兩Ñ溺機;一部: 3.一帶台灣3一阵翻甸;一路安國。
(5) 提倡文藝——御製詩文,令冪問唱和
,影響國內學界,成一時風尙Ò
(丁)消初鋐怡政策之特點:
(1) 能把握當時民眾一種但求安居樂業之 心理面加以控制,和用,造成其疵治 目的。
(2) 採用寬猛相濟,恩威並施政策,使爐 袞畏懼貼服。剪力固欲,漢人民抗 力量消沈,若廷斯自懲處書,其張 寬敞,皆能適應利用。
(4)清初之對外關係
(六)試簡述清初與葡萄牙、西班牙、荷及英國之關係
(甲)葡萄牙:
(1)自東方新航路發現後,商人槇爾遊 →先後佔印度西岸及馬六甲,勢力遠 及蘇門答臘、土、雙斷東南製易。
(2)期末在明政府默許下,衛人到廣東。 義建、浙江沿海各地通商,由於其海 盜行篇,被泉州及寧波更民驅逐。
(3) 彌人宜期廣東官吏,租借澳門,建晟
眝貨,強調之為殖民地。
(4)活姐,還向中國要求管储攤,皆被灣 廷拒絕,乃利用此根据地,阻止其他 國家與中國通商。
(乙)西班牙:
明末,西班牙人到達呂未等,改善 菲律賓,後來相繼入獄深州 、漿州居民多移民路。
(2)西班牙裝晚商人,廣加驅逐,曾兩次
to Hong Kong economy but it supplies a large amount of perishable foodstuffs and it acts as the stabilizers for local fodd supply, According to recent statistics, farmers in the New Territories produce about 43 percent of the vegetables consumed, and about 65 percent of the total live chicken requirement and about 17 percent of all pigs. The rest of the foodstuffs are.
imported from mainland China, South East Asia and other countries in the form of fresh: food, frozen and tinned food, Because of the insufficient development of agriculture Hong Kong depends so much on importing foodstuffs from overseas. It is because of the following reasons:
1. There are only 12% of total land used for cultivation. the development of agricul- tural production is limited by the searcity of cultiva... table land, Hong Kong is too small in area and there are Dany mountains which are unsuitable for farming. 2. According to the Urban
3.
Renewal Pilot Scheme, many of the rural area such as Shatin, Yuen Long, Täuen Mun Tai Po are being renewed as new towns. The original cultivated land has now been transforming into industrial site and commercial centre. Since Hong Kong lacks. mineral resources the fertility of agricultural land is very unsatisfactory. And there is not enough
大殺筆備。
(3)清初,由於向中國求裲遞窗,為人
·從中作梗,因斷瓦市,方准許中國人 往來貿易,然限制甚多,華商限大千 人,每年新税法,且必須信奉天主
《丙》樹關:
(1)自荷刪東印眸公司成立後,得其政府 授以世兵、任宜、冰和、武順等特碼
,逐漸奪取確人控制之南洋軍島,鲣 梵巴連線或爲遺業中心。
(2) 明末甘大攻澳門,受中、聚合力阻 擊。巧攻取西班牙所築之皇薩爾灂及 參香(即今台灣叢貨、淡水)二 ̇城·德制全台。
(3)1661年,節成功收復台灣,荷人盡失
斯布à
(4)1664年,派兵助清軍陷氏所時讓門
• DUBAI •
(丁)英國:
(1)於明末1600年成立東印度公司,在印 二度東岸及西岸設立不少商站(FAC-
TORY)
(2) 163742, MI ( JOHN WEDDE L),串艦至澳門,英宋互市,不得 不,轉赴門,欲向廣東當局交涉。 豬人挑撥,發生衝突,終得入廣州。 (3) 明亡後,清廷觀斷鄉氏與大陸之戰
,內æ江、浙、閎、麥四省居民三 里,一切海外貿易遞無法進行。 (4)東印度公司多次要求在澳門互市,確 因和人阻模,惟有轉向台鐘,始出入 廈門,安平兩戀。
Hong Kong is said to be an industrial and commercial
centre which is export, oriented, but economy dependa so much on trade that attention has been paid to development of local manfacturing industries rather than agriculture.
5. The development of manufact-
uring industries provides a number of employment vacancies so that many of the working force in agricultural industries had been"attracted. In recent years, the farmers have shown an increasing tendency to abandon their cultiva tion to find jobs in Bann..... facturing factories. The shortage of labour seems be a very important problem.
tion)
to
Although modern production techniques (e.g. open cast methods, mechanised cultiva tion and sprinkler irriga-
are gradually being used in cultivation, the technical skill has not been well developed, The agricul- ture in Hong Kong is known - as labour...
intensive
and traditional. Questions:
1. Distinguish between light
industries and heavy industries, Hong Kong has long been developing the light industries rather than heavy industries. Why?
2. What are the unfavourable
factors affecting the deve lopment of Hong Kong secondary
rainfall although the modern 3. What poloduction?
irrigation system is being used.
Groups
(i)
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
d)Describe what would you observe
Periods
lat
a solution of a compound of X; (ii) a solution of a compound
of I?
when placing, in turn,”-
中學會考試題預習專欄
(1) a wet blue litmus paper;
(ii) a wet starch-iodide paper; 2nd
AE
FG HWK
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near the outlet A. Give equa- tions where you think appropriate.
3rd
B
X
e)Name the substance(s) that would
be obtained and write an equation for the reaction, if any, When gas W is passed into
4th
5th
化學
Chemistry (3)
Question 4
In the experiment as illustrated below, a gas W, obtained by the action of concentrated hydrochloric acid on potassium permanganate crystals, was passed over some heated iron filings and a black solid X was collected.
cone HCL
gas w
Kino water
crystals
iron filings
heat
conc
excess gae W
solid X
(a) Identify and name the substances
W and X.
(b) Give an equation for
(1)
the formation of W; (ii) the formation of X.
(c) State the purpose of passing
the W sucessively through
gas
O.
H
N
(i) cold dilute podium hydroxide; (a) Give the letter of the element (ii) hot concentrated potasium
hydroxide.
It was found that 3.25 g of X: was obtained in the above experiment.
which
(i) consists of monatomic
molecules;.
(ii) is the strongest reducing
agent among the elements in the 2nd period; (iii)is the strongest oxidizing
agent; (iv) is composed of a giant.
covalent structure of atoms.
(i) What was the volume of gas
W, measured at.š.t.p.; that. had reacted with iron? (ii) What masa of iron had been
converted to the solid X?. Would there be any reaction if the fron filings were substituted(b)what are the elements in group
in turn, by
(i) copper powder;
(11) carbon powder?
**
If there was a reaction, give an equation for the reaction.
Question 5
Part of the Periodic Table is shown below with some of the elemerita being represented by letters which
Give an equation for any react- ion that might have occur. (f)The element, Hydrogen, can be
placed in the Periodic Table either at the position marked with (a) or that marked with (b), but neither position is satisfactory. Give a reason why hydrogen can be placed at either position,
have been de employed to promote our industries?
(111)State the type of bond
present in a piece of the metal X.
(iv) Do you expect the chloride.
of the metal X to have a high or low melting point? Explain your answer.
(b) Show, by equation(s) only, how
the following conversions may be brought about:-
(g) P is a compound consisting of
the element F and chlorine while Q is a compound consisting of the element B and chlorine.
Using the outermost shells, draw a diagram to show the electronic structure of P. (ii)Explain briefly why P is a liquid but Q a solid at the room temperature. Question 6
VII collectively known as? Arrange them in decreasing order of boiling points.
(c)What are the elements in group.
collectively called?
Arrange them in the order of decreasing electropositivity, (a)why do the elements A, B, C and
D, being placed in the same vertical colum in the Periodic Table, have similar chemical properties?
CI
(a) 0.24 g of a divalent metal X
is completely dissolved in 50 of 0.5M hydrochloric acid to give ita chloride. The re aulting solution is then diluted to 250 cm 50 cm of the
are not the symbols of the elements(e)what would you observe on mixing
seperately with
diluted solution requires 25 om of 0.02M sodium carbonate sol- ution for complete neutralis- ation.
(i) Write the equation for the
reactions concerned.
(ii) Caloulate the relative
atomic mass of the metal X.
ず
(i) Lead(II)carbonate is, con-
verted to lead(II)chloride (ii) Copper is converted to
copper(II)hydroxide. (111)Ethanol is converted to 1,2-dibromoethane.
(iv) Ethanol is converted to
magnesium ethanoate,
Give
(c) What would you observe in each
of the following cases? equation(s) for any reactions that might have taken place.
(1) Chlorine gas la passed
into an aqueous solution of potassium iodide for some time.
A few drops of starch solution is then added.
(11) Acidified silver nitrate
solution is added into an aqueous solution of sodium chloride. An excess of ammonia solution is then. added into the resulting mixture.
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