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WAH KIU YAT PO
郭日僑華
一期
日三廿月五年七七九一整年六十六國民中
育教備帶
九七七年香港中學會考
HONG KONG CERTIFICATE OF EDUCATION EXAMINATION 1977
中國語文
試卷三
*
BANNON EO 10%
本試聯必]小发作簽
CHINESE LANGUAGE
PAPER I
Oke hour and thirty dinutes 8.30a.m.-10.00a.m.
This paper must be answered in Chinese
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HONG KONG CERTIFICATE OF EDUCATION EXAMINATION 1977
中國籍文
試卷三
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EVANÉTRA DET
CHINESE LANGUAGE ·
[PAPER III:
One hour and thirty minutes
8.30 a.m.-10.00a.m.
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This paper must be answered in Chinese
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「經濟與事務建議答案
(未完)(接上期)
孔繁盛
Geography
Suggest Solution to 1977
H.K.C.E.E.
SECTION A
CONT'D
4(a). FEATURE, A TERM
Feature A is a corrie lake, or it is known variously as a cirque (French) a com (Welsh) and a combe (in Cumberland). FORMATION OF A
It is a feature usually found in a higher ground. The most satisfactory theory of its origin is that a shallow preglacial hollow has been: .pogressively enlarged. In mountainous areas, ice often collects in the hollows of rocks. with the freeze-and- thaw action, the cracks and joints of the rocks are widened, and pieces of rocks are gradually broken off. As a result, the sides of the hollow will become steeper, its backwall recedes, and its base. steeper. With time, the hollow will be enlarged into an armchair-like feature called a cirque of corrie. When con- itions become' warmer ice in the cirque wi11 vaste away and moraine will be pushed the and left on the lip. When the ice finally disappears, a lake is found occupying the
hollow.
THE FORMATION OF A TARN
Fre the base plucking ice forming
then action et
a. Hollow filled with ice
Bergschrund kisken material causet Akredīm ★ grind inf
Plucking
4. Hallow deepened at the back by
freeze-thaw action
grinding
more ine
plucking
C. The hollow is now overdes pened,
and a corrie is formed
mirane depuitel in the Tip of the.
Carte
(Warmer Conditions caused tre h waste away, & morame ir bepeated.
formand, and deposited on the lip
Moraine dam
Stream
near vertical
backwally
Take Chern, corrie
lake)
2. After the ire melied, a lake
okcupied the Carrié a Liique FEATURE B
Feature B is a hanging valley. FORMATION OF B
It usually occurs where a tributary glacier meets a main glacier. The
FORMATION
Terminal moraines are debris which accumluated at the edge of a glacier. As the glacier moves along, pieces of rocks will be broken off from the valley floor and
carried down slope. With the retreation or the increasing demand every effort in
main valley glacier, being larger in size and volume thane tributary valley glacier, is a more powerful agent of erosion than the smaller glacier. As a result, the floor of the main valley will be eroded deeper while the tributary galcier shallower. when the glaciers melt, the two valleys will be found joining each other at different levels and the term hanging valley is aptly used. Streams from such hanging valleys plunge in waterfalls to join the main valley. (b) FEATURE X
A kettle hole would be found at X after the ice has melted. FORMATION
The presence of such ice blocks broken off from the main sheet in the area will probably result in the develop- ment of circular hollow. The formation of each hollow is due to the deposition around ‘individual ice block.
with higher tempera-:` tures, the piece of ice will melt. The melt- water will fill up the hollow and
it into small vert
called kettle lake. FEATURE Y
Terminal moraine would be found after the ice has melted.
melting of ice, the debris will be left behind forming a ridge termed the terminal moraine.
SECTION B
5. SETTLEMENT A
FORM OF SETTLEMENT
A is a dispersed or scattered settlement, consisting of wooden houses, huts, stone houses or brick houses. The simplicity of construction shows that most of the houses are constructed for temporary uses only Such a pattern is associated with the influx of recent immigrants from China who had rented land from local farmers or on abandoned land. The dispersal reflects a lack of need for defence and a lack of association with a clan structure, It is usually á recent phenomenon in the rural areas of H.K. PATTERN OF LAND USE ** such a dispersed settlement is mostly associated with market gardening. Land, is mainly devoted to vegetable growing. Farmers prefer living amongest fields since vegetable growing is a very intensive type of farming, which requires constant care and much labour. Because vegetables should be supplied fresh in urban areas, such a pattern is found at sites with easy access to urban areas. e.g. near roads. SETTLEMENT B
FORM OF SETTLEMENT
B is a linear or ribbon settlement, or a nucleated form. The houses ae mainly of traditional Chinese style. The villages is a Hakka type which is located at foothill or on valley sides to
avoid vaste of fextile land. Houses are
nucleated together for the purpose of defence and cooperation on Farm work. Strong Family ties or clan structure are resulted. PATTERN OF LAND USE
Lines of trees are usually preserved behind the villages since the villages built in a straight line across the slope.. In front of the vill~ ages, there is a piece of flat land used for thrashing and dying of the rice grains. Cultivated lands are Found in the front with most of the land used for rice: cultivation. Veget- ables can be found as a subsidiary crop or Winter crop. It is predominantly a type of subsistence® cultivation. In recent years due to the rapid industrial development in urban areas, abandonded land has been decrea- sing as suffered from shortage of labour and inadequacy of water supply.
6. GENERAL CHANGES OF POWER
SUPPLIES IN JAPAN
From the graphs, ve can see that the total. demand for power in Japan increases greatly. The reasons are expicit. In recent decades, industrial progress in Japan has been remark- ably rapid, this in turn has raised the living standard which is also a contributing factor to the increasing demand. However, stock of energy resources in the country is in a large measure meagre, so thecountry has to reply considerably on foreign supplies. As she has not been able to expand domestic supp→
lies, there is an increase of imported energy.
the
TYPES OF POWER INDIC- ATING DECREASE IN IMPORTANCE
Although coal is still the second most important energy con- sumed in Japan, the demand of it decreases. Despite the small reserves, the product- ion of coal in Japan is relatively uneconomical because the coal seams are thin and faulted. Besides, the coal in Japan is generally of poor quality, only a small portion of which can be used for coking
and other specialized purposes.
H.E.P., which had long been an important power supply in Japan, decrease
considerably in import- ance. In recent years, the amount of electric power outruns that of the hydro-power plants. Japan is. quite well. endowed with waste power but most of the suitable sites had already been- tapped before the war, and further development is hindered by the considerable fluctutations river flowage on account of the seasonal varia- tions in precipitation, the shortness of the rivers and the faulted and pervious valley Floors. Some of the sites may be populated by farmers and are remote from markets. which means higher. transmission costs.
-
Wood is no longer important as a source of power because of the low thermal capacity and is inconvenient to use. TYPES OF POWER INDIC- ATING INCREASE IN IMPORTANCE
The graph apparently reveal that oil has been playing the most significant role in the Japanese power consump- tion. The consumption in petrolum, which is a convenient and relat ively clean liquid fuel is speedily on the rise as a substitution for other formsof fuels. It is greatly used in all types of transport means electrical appliances and many types of industrial machinery. By now, oil accounts for about three quarters of the total energy source injapan, yet she is able to supply only a small and low grade. To meet exploitating new resources and Colabora- ting with china in extracting oil from the Pohai and the Yellow Sea is made.. Supertankers are used which enable the import of foreign petroleum at a low price.
Another endeavour in compensating for the shortage of home power supply has been reflect- ed in the start of ulti- lization of nuclear power.
The increase in its importance is chiefly because of the increase of power demand and development of new technology. Admittedly, nuclear power, though neligible in the amount of production for the time being, shows promise in the