頁二第張五第日九十月三年丑癸夏
WAH KIU YAT PO
部分進行 3.尿素如何生成?尿液如何形成?何 以排云的尿液初時没有臭味久之則 有刺激性臭味??
報日僑華
1978
中文中學會考試題預習專欄
生物科 (廿七) 梁景垣
.本期温習内容:
(1)續上期排泄系统、神经系统
本期練習題
1.下图為哺乳動物泌尿系的模式图
A字云图中各部名称
Bf的功用為何:
C.試概略说云 血液与尿液之 成份比較,
2下图為有臟之內部構造.
B
A. 害云图中各部名称:
j構成的空心球袁叶 這個球裏59部合称為
C上列右图中那一部分含尿素最後
那二部分含尿素最少
d何谓重吸收作用?在右图中那一
4試绘脊髓的構造图,註明各部
名称:脊髓有何功能,
5.何謂反射作用?反射作用与行為”
有何不同?試述反射過程 三上期答案。
1. Aa會厭軟骨,6甲狀(盾狀)軟骨 c、環狀軟骨,d氣管軟骨環
体除吧,肺氣宴
九肋骨,九肺囊,0小支氣管,橫膈膜 a.為會厭,主要功能為封闭喉,以免食
物吞入氣管中
20:為肋骨与胸骨及椎骨,構成胸腔一
方面保護心和肺,另一方面藉肋间肌 之活動上下移動改变胸腔容積 完成吸氣与呼氣的動作。 力、為橫膈膜,当横膈肌收缩時下 !移,使胸腔容積擴大完成吸氣, C当横膈肌收缩下移將腹腔臟器 推向腹壁,胸腔加深;另一方面由於外 肋间肌收缩;使肋骨外翻上提,使胸 腫加厚子加润,胸腔容積因而擴大压 力減低,藉肺囊本身之彈性而擴張, 结果肺囊中的氧压示下降,由於肺囊 中之氧压低於外界氧压,故空氣流 遂經鼻腔咽喉,氣管支氣管而進
入肺囊中
e部為氣管壁上之軟骨環,由於此軟 骨環的缺口部分正貼着食道,故此利 便吞食較大塊的食物
E¿為細小支氣管末端的肺氣囊,由数 個肺泡所構成,而這些肺泡由一层 上皮细胞構成,外侧纏以微血管網 “内壁附有粘液湿润
二期星
日一月五年三七九一曆公年二十六國民華中 育教僑華
二氧化碳与氧交換時的物理变化完全 是由於氧体的分壓不同之故,分子便由 分壓高的一方向分壓低的一方擴散 体内各部氣体分壓及擴散方向图解 外呼吸:
内呼吸
肺泡中空氣。
60静脉血~
0-70
組織细胞$40 (附分壓以加ing為單位,肺泡中所 含之CO,甚微其分層可視為口計算) 二氧化碳与氧的交換之化學变化很複 雜差簡單表示之甚情况可能如下表。
(内呼吸)
(在血液中)
-HHb
CO2+H2O
(外呼吸
CO2
(附H6表示血紅素分子式) 3. 魚類是行呼吸,其鳃呼吸的過程.
如下:
鰓孔闭合,張 闭,吸入水,水絰 口腔,流經鰓絲思 的表面,以交換氧 3.二氧化碳,其後 口闭合,而鳃孔 张闻,水經鰓裂
鰓孔而排出,如是 反覆進行。
思孔
4、Aa角質层、5顆粒层,c氐實生层,
可表皮,但真皮 f皮下微血管.g豎毛肌 只感觉小体,必皮下脂肪,毛髮泥皮脂腺 (汗孔m乳頭突,无汗管0.毛球 P汗腺 B. 人的功能為接受外界的刺激 之皮下脂肪有貯藏养料及阻止散热有保 温的作用,友部有分泌油脂以润 澤皮膚毛髮力部泌云汗液具有 排泄,及調節体温的意義, C.在保温方面:
,表面具有毛,皮下有脂肪层均有防止 散热的作用,已皮下微血管收缩,使 血流量減少,以減少是汗量(3)同時真皮 收紧整体散机面和减少
石散热方面,直接经体表散热(3) 音汗散热,山,由於汗液长散時要吸 收氧化热,故可降低体温 由於保温与散热两方面调協结果 保持了体温稳定,
D.皮膚表面有数层、角度化的细胞层,因此 有保護作用,其意義,防止機械損 伤,回防止化学药物之侵蝕山防 止细菌或寄生蟲的感染。(4)防止水 分散失或浸入,(5) 防止熱量散失。 E.皮膚受太陽光之紫外綫的照射下能合
成维他命D增進健康,
5A丸將原生質代謝後所生成之物
排除出体外或细胞外之生理作用称
為排泄
排泄名排道同是排除魔物這是相 同的一方面,但排油所排除之魔物 是代謝结果之產物,而排遺所排除之 魔物為消化不完全所留下的食物渣。 B变形虫代谢物直接透過質膜排除: 草履虫大致同上,蚯蚓以骨管排泄 排蠊以馬氐餐排泄,蛙及免以肾, “肺及皮膚行排泄,
C.略(見早期曾有解答)
1973英文中學會考試題預習專
經濟及公共事務科 (廿六)
Econo & Public Affairs
(26)
Mention the, contribution made by: 'the Department of Commerce and
Industry, Trade Development Cowney and Hong Kong Export Credit Insur ance Corporation in promoting. the Coverseas trade of Hong Kong.
Ans:- Trade with overseas countri -es has derived for Hong Kong the main source of income and its promotion is the work of many organizations in which the: Depart ment of Commerce and Industry, the Trade Development Council and the Hong Kong Export Credit Insurance Corporation are three of the most important ones. The Department: of Commerce and Industry, a. Government/department takes the Leading role in the trade promo ion of Hong Kong.
Its overseas activities in- clude the establishment of trade offices in great cities of the world, and the participation in. The trade interational fairs. offices in London, Washington, Bussels and Geneya are responsib le for keeping in touch with the foreign merchants who are interest -ed in Hong Kong products. Some of the offices alao maintain a permanent exhibition of Hong Kong products. Besides these offices. also help the Trade Development Council to participate in the different important intermational trade fairs after which Hong Kong. usually gets a large number of orders.
In local activities, ( besides issuing certificates to guarantee the goods be locally-made, "and keeping an information reference section to meet the inquiries of foreign merchants, it also invest- igates into the complaints of foreign merchants on Hong Kong products and clarifies all
dbellous rumours. In case of: new regulations or limitatione. imposed on Hong Kong by other countries, it suggests methods to overcome the difficulties thus: arrieen and to negotiate with the.
different governments concemed.
. The Trade Development Counc11
a statutory body, financed by the
·Government to be established in
1966, helps a great deal in
developing Hong Kong's trade with: That the Council other countries.
consists of members who are all representatives of the different trade promoting organizations in Hong Kong "shows its significance and effectiveness in foreign trade promot
otion.
The Council has its headquart er in the Ocean Terminal, Kowloon, where a display centre of Hong Kong products is maintained. It has branches too in the overseas, sinh ra in mana, New York, Brussels, Stockholm, Sydney and. Nairobi. Recommendations have been made to establish more branch Ces in. Europe so as to get a
bigger European market for the Hong Kong products.
Different kinds of magazines are. published by the Council, such as the "Hong Kong Enterprise", the "Investment Hong Kong", etc. which prove to be a good medium. between. the local exporters and the-overseas buyers.
The Council tries all the best to make negotiations with other countries to allow Hong Kong to participate in more intemational fairs where Hong Kong producte always get high appreciation.
Another organization contribut -ed much to the promotion of Hong Kong's overseas trade is the Hong Kong:Export Credit Insurance Corporation, established in 1966 to insure goods against economic and political risks which are not previously insurable in: Hong Kong. So-called economic and political risks include the loes of goods due to civil disturbance, wars, foreign exchange troubles, default etc. The average premium charged is less than one half of one per pent of. the invoice value.
Thus,
nore and more local exporters have come to know that with the bacrifice of a very small portion pf their profit, they can enjoy a Government-backed insurance Which protects their entire amount bf profit receivable. As a result. Local exporters are freer and more Confident in selling their goods abroad.
Hong Kong's overseas trade, with the close co-operation of the Department of Commerce and In- dustry, the Trade Development
Council, the Hong Kong Export
Credit Insurance Corporation and
other trade promoting organization 一白,: develops by leaps and bounds.
Economic & Public Affairs
(27)
In what ways has the Government done in promoting agriculture, and fishery in. Hong Kong.
Ans:- In Hong Kong, the food- producers are incapable of provid- ing enough food for the great population. Thus, the Government has been trying much to encourage agriculture and fishery. Its effort is not without success: though the Colony is still far from being self-sufficient. in foodstuffs.
:A.Farming:- Since there are only about eighty:square miles of land in Hong Kong under cultivate
·ion, the Government has tried every effort in developing: more Land by introducing terraced : farming and making. reclamation. Yet, the annual yielding of rice.
is still too little. So, the Government begins to encourage the farmers towards diversificat ion of farming which results in: produòing. more fruits, vegetables and other crops.
There are teams of specialists and advisers stationed in the 30 agricultural areas of the Agricul- ture and Fisheries Department in. the dolony to deal with all farmy ing problems and to contact with the farming community. Rural.. educational programmes are held every year to enrich the farmers" knowledge of improved farming when arrangements are made for the advisers to visit the farmers, field and for the farmers to visit the Government experimental farms.
to achieve pest Besides, control, the use of insecticideg are tested and demonstrated.
∴ / Moreover, the Agriculture and Fisheries Department administers four different loans, viz. The Vegetable. Marketing Organization Loan Fund, the World Refugee. Year Loan Fund, the J.E. Joseph Trust Fund and the Kadoorie Agricultural Aid Loan Fund, which are all available to needy farmers
M The Vegetable Marketing Organization, under the control of the Agriculture and Fisheries Department safeguards the interest -s of the farmers in selling their vegetables.
B. Animal Husbandry:-: Animal huabandry has been greatly improve ~ed in recent years by adopting advanced methods of management. through the advisory services of
the Agriculture and Fisheriäs
Department.
A herd of exotic breed and a herd of local breed are distribut
ed to the pig-breedere for breed− ing stock. Besides, artificial insemination service is also provided. 7.
Tuberculin testing and vacinal -ion are regularly carried out on all dairy animals to prevent widespread animal diseases and investigations are constantly made in the incidence of animal disease in the Veterinary Laboratory.
C. Fishing:- The Government's policy is to increase the supplies: of fish: and to improve the living. standard of the fishermen.
*The Agriculture and Fisheries Department helps to introduce to the fishernien new fishing methods, to operate mechanization into their junke, and to train. them in navigati ional techniques.
An important development: was made by the Government in the: design of a prototype: 66 foot wooden stem otter trawler which changes the traditional two-boat method of fishing to a modern
single boat method.
For the development of fishing industry, a fund of $8 million has been set up, in which $5 million is supported by the Government. The Agriculture and Fisheries Department is also concerned with biological and iydrographical research and the. exploration of new fishing grounds
The Fish Marketing Organizat- ion is formed under the control: of the Agriculture and Fisheries: Department to help the fishermen. to sell their fish in reasonable prices by public auction and to. help educating the children of the fishing population.
Co-operative movements have been introduced to agriculture and fishing industry by the Government as instruments to improve the economic and social. "conditions of the people. With
the Government's support, guidance and. encouragement; different com operative societies have beeri formed with activities related to housing, thrt, loan, credit, marketing, irrigation etc.
To conclude, the Government through the Agriculture and Fisheries Department, encpurages agriculture and fishing, socially, economically and technologically.