頁二第張六第日九十月二十年子壬靨夏
橋
1973英文中學會考試題預習專欄
經濟及公共事務科(十三)
Economic & Public Affairs. 13)
Should containerization be in- troduced in Hong Kong? Discuss
its effects on the local import and: export trade.
Ans:- Hong Kong has entered into: ca new era of containerization last
year. Containerization is a new system of handling cargo. Tradit ionally, small parcels of cargc care handled in mid-harbour, Whern a cargo-ship arrives. at the port it will anchor at mid-harboura: Small vessels will unload the goods from the cargo ship and the wcargo'is then transported ashore.
This way of handling cargo is: time-consuming and costly. It cannot meet the heavy demand for containerized caIKO.
In view of this, the Goveriment established a container committee in 1.966 to study and examine the possibility of introducing contain -erization for the Colony. The hy Committee also" recommended waya by which our port can be modermiz- ed to meet the challenge of the, era of containerization. After examining the facts, the Committee. submitted a report to the Govern- ment. The report suggested that Hong Kong must follow the examples of other major advanced countries of adopting containerization.The. first container terminal began operation last year. Kwai Chung was chosen as the most favourate site for containerization. The OCL Overseas Containers Ltd.) 19. providing its service now. The first container ship visiting the Colony was the "Tokyo Bay". This marks the new era in our import and export trade.
Containerization has been in- troduced in America, Europe and some Asian Countries such as Japan and Singapore. This cargo-handling Aystem. has, several distinct advant- ages. Firstly, it will speed up The Toading and unloading time.
Much time and energy will be saved because the cargo is contained in: a standardised container. Accurate information concerning the weight and number of cargo can be obtain- ed!! easily. Secondly, it gaves: space, Therefore, the costs of handling cargo is much cheaper than the traditional system of cargo-handling. Thirdly, it ensures that cargo is less likely to be. damaged. This is obvious for all cargos are contained inside a metal container which can protect the cargo much better.
Since most cargo ships had been fully converted to container ships. Hong Kong will lose most of its trade unless it provides facilities. to the container ships for loading
and unloading purposes. If the Colony does not provide necessary facilities, container ships will by-pass Hong Kong and visit some- where else. They may visit
t Japan and Singapore. It is not surprisin that Hong Kong will suffer a lot in lieu of this. Competition is so keen that the Colony must follow puit if it wants to preserve its Competitiveness in the world trade
As Commerce flourishes, import and export trade is bound to expand In order to cope with world deve- Lopments, containerization must
be introduced. This has signifi- rcant effects on the local import rand export trade as mentioned.
above.
2. What is meant by money?:
What functions does money Fulfil in the present economy?
Ans:** Moderm economies are charTM acterized by the high degree of. :epecialization, Examples are
specialization of persons of
WAH KIU. YAT
報日橋
1978
business firms, of regions. It is true that without this high degree of specialization our productive power and standards of living would be far below their present levels. It is equally true that specialization would be impossible
without a highly developed system of exchange. Money, therefore, 19 "productive for it facilitates
specialization and production,
Economists agree that all those things that are generally accept able in payment of debt and for goods and services are regarded as money. Based on this definition, money supply includes coins, paper. money, and demand deposits at
barika money has to fulfill severan. functions, each of which obviates one of the difficulties of pure barter exchange.
The functions are : (1) it perves as a unit of value, (2) it is used as a medium of exchange,
(3) it is a standard of deferred. payments, (4) it is a store of value. The first two functions. are usually called the primary functions of money. The last two functions are known as derivative: functions because they are derived: from the first two primary funct- .1.0ms
In order to riderstand the functions performed by money in the present economy, it is appro- priate to look at the defects of barter economy and see how each defect is made good. The firat serious shortcoming of barter
economy is the lack of any common unit in terms of which to measure and state the values of goods and services. Money can remove this. defect by serving as a unit of value in terms of which the
"value" of all goods and services is measured and expressed, Of course, to be a satisfactory measure of value, the monetary Bunit itself must maintain a relat~
ively stable value.
The second shorteoming of pure barter is "the lack of a double deineidence wants. In the barter economy, business transaction can take place only when the two persons are willing to exchange their goods. It may happen that one person wants to exchange while another individual may not need the commodity and therefore he refuses to exchange, In this case, no trade takes place. Money again helps to remove this defect. The. cowmer of a good or service need
not secure his aupplies from the people to whom he trades his goods. or service, he can use his money to buy the things he wants most.
A. third disadvantage of pure barter. is the lack of any satis- factory unit in terms of which to write contracts requiring future payments. Contracts involving. Future payments are an essential part of an exchange economy. In barter economy, these future pay- ments would become' difficult for. three "reasons: (1)it would invit妵 dispute as to the quality of the goods or services to be repaid, (2) the two parties would often
be unable to agree on the specific. commodity to be used for repayment (3) both parties would run the "risk that the commodity to be
repaid would increase or decrease Beriously in value over the durati ion of the contract. Money serves. as a standard of deferred payments satisfactorily only to the extent that it maintains a constant pure chasing power through time. Money becomes the unit in terms of which deferred or future payments are stated.
A fourth disadvantage or pure parter is the lack of any method of storing generlaized purchasing power. People could store purchas- ing power for future use only by
holding specific commodities. The
stored commodity may deteriorate
-期星 日二廿月一年三七九一圈公年二十六國民華中 育教僑華
中文中路會考試題預習專欄
生物科(十三) 梁景桓
本期温習内容
續上期え植物生理部(a光会作用, 6.呼吸作用. 練習題:
/填-
:
光合作用的條件為
↔植物在什麽温識中進行光合作用
> 光合作用的初產物為
副產物為
-
合之概括反應式 有氧呼吸之反應式
(6)离離氧呼吸之反應式
2. 選擇題:
光合作用中所產生之乘是由下列那
呼吸作用之最终目的是下列哪一项 吸入氣(b)放击 COC释放能 (3)睡房中不宜放置盆栽,其原因是,
>由於植物的蒸散作用。安空氣太潮湿
由於植物的呼吸,吸氧而放Cox任室中 氧氣不足而碳氢太多。
由於植物行光合作用,吸收光纾佳惠两学 缕不-
足
金泉缺中若有油览,要全死亡還是由於下列哪一项 原因(a)使中毒(山)阻止空氣佳溶解者水
中心使水污染
5)植物在日间有陽光的環境中的情况為
(a)只行光合作用(6 只行呼吸作用。光合 作用呂呼吸作用同時進行
3. 試就下列各項比較光合作用与呼吸作用
光合作用。 呼吸作用
原料:
進行作用之時间
14進行作用三维点
「5.產能量之去換上
6在代谢意義上
4.將下列裝置放於陽下五小時,然後作如下属理
A為非綠色部分 每日為綠色部分 為绿色部分
氫氧化鈉
五分鐘結果如何?
何在
目的何在?何以要用酒精者?
职工以水冲洗瑙果如何?目的何在
(4)冲洗後浸入不 中目的何在?
(3)结果:A、B、C三區的表現如何
(6)解釋第五項的结果,並下一结命。 試作-驗証明種子在萌時進行呼吸的
安驗:
6.試作一隻驗証明呼吸作釋放能量
三上期答安。
in value. Because of this disadvant / A.植物所需要的化学元素有,碳,氢氧
-age, money is used to overcome
the difficulty. It is a store of
value. Every person is free.
8. to save cup his money for future, use. Money
is a good store of value with
which to meet unpredictable emerger -ies and, especially to pay debte that are fixed in terms of money.
Questions for next week.
1. Suggest ways to promote tourism3
in Hong Kong:
What is the economic significan -ce of the Stock Exchange?.
氮磷钾、硫、鈣鎂鉄锰錮鋒 鋼硼氯
B. 土壤肥料三要素是氮磷、鉀
C.植物缺少了鎂及铁兩種元素便會
呈現白化現象
D 植物体的水分及溶解之無機盐是 沿木質部之導管或管胞,而有機养分則是
由數支部之篩管或筛细胞輸送。
12.A.砂糖溶解,水渗入-
滿主溢示
B無变化.C砂糖亦溶解但並不 升高
»融從薸洞穴中之精溶解,成為糖液,由 .於A為新鮮出的蔻由於洞六中糖液濃 度大於肉壁细胞液之濃度,故此水分便
進
B鲿洞安糖故周壁细胞中的水分 不会渗入洞中的C薯為煮出者细胞 死後,细胞膜為全通透膜故此亦不是 生半渗透作用,洞中水分不会增签: 3)生物细胞膜為一层具有半渗透性学 膜因此能藉此種渗透擴散作用進 行吸收作用。
(1)水耕法是於1865年由德國植物學家
Sach's 首先昔:明,以研究植物只养听 謂水耕法,就是將植物所需要之客机 盐:按適合的分量配合,溶解於水中 配制成培养液,以此種水溶液代替 泥土種植植物换京之又称為客土種植 山,因為水中所溶解氧量不多故票通人 空氣以识根部呼吸否則根都會
境下生長故此须要通先以做成 個適合根生長黒暗環喰 水熱法の利用価値で下
(4)完全控制植物生長所需之养分,故可
控制植物之生長黃育与成熟 山可不受土地或環境所影响。 地清潔衛生可減少植物本身躯病器 (日)可带者肥料不致浪费 (e)通於作研究植物营养的方法. (4)缺鼠時,葉呈淡黄,葉蔗育不全細小,
缺磷葉呈黄或紫黑而乾调,相片瓷 不良;花细小疏除,果实并细小早落
点,经渐壞死,蒸加小柔弱 4. 植物的生活史可分為孢子停世代和配件 世代,孢子停世代应生孢子仃专性繁殖,孢子 萌茇而成為配子伸;配子伴世代產出配冬 行有性繁殖而生成孢子伴,此種孢士辞世 代和配子停世代蜦而替代,周而復始的 坐话史方式称為世代交替现容。 種子植物之世代交替如下图
(配士停靠代)
5.取菜心枝條,浸於水中切击原切口部分 立即播於盛有曙红溶液的燒杯中技术 通風的地经西小時,取出枝條,略冲洗外 表之染液,然後以刀片备隔一吋作一横
·切薄片及縱切薄片,放於微鏡中檢 香之則見到各切片中之尊管壁均呈红色 除尊管外其餘組織的细胞均没有 着色故此证明,水液必然是经导管上 升所以才只令遵苦壁者色(图略)
6. 種子成熟後若不經散播便落在母标附近萌 養生長,便造成多數後代群聚於有限度的土地 上生長,由於水分养料、陽光,以及空间之不足营生 互相排斥現象形成同核競爭必有部分死亡, 違背繁殖的目的,所以種子要散播到速度以 期期良好的生活環境而免除间换数争主 現象達到繁延種换之目的。
7.差在樹幹基部作一環狀制及,由於设 部被切断,故此上部枝葉所合成之有機 养分不能輸送到根,结果根部因缺养分 而凋萎死亡随着整株植物亦因而死亡