真二第四第日六廿月正年亥辛歷复 WAH KIU TAT PO
僑
新光出版社主編 SUNLIGHT PRESS
1971 英文中學會考試題預習專欄
經濟及公共事務科
(十七)
Economic and Public Affairs
Lesson 17.
21st Feb., 1971
Answers to Exercise 16
1. What are "census" and "by-censua" ?
particular details do they usually re.
Answer
census 18 a country-wide sur- vey carried out by the Government with: the purpose of getting detalled and ac- curate information of every individual
Advanced countries usu-
in the NIE NEU aus once within five to..
ally take
ten years since they can provide most up. to-date references for future developments.
Sometimes a by-census has to:
be carried out between the big censuses. It is a country-wide survey of every se- lected individual, with the purpose of adjusting the figures of the former cen sus, clearing obstacles, for the coming census, and seeking out any of the points that have been missed out in the last scensus.
The emunerative items in a cen- gue may include full descriptions of -household particulars and personal data
These items. ace suminarized to be revealed. under four main topics :-
age Distribution, ---- age distribu- tion contains figuares showing the pro- portion of the different age groups in the whole population. High birth-rates and death-rates usually results in a young population by which we mean a signi. ficant proportion of the population being under 20. On the other hand, low birth- rates and death rates often results in an old population. But, a great propor- tion of population either on the young. or on the old is a burden to the whole country, while a great proportion on che 20-60 age group, indicates a great avail- ablo labour force.
DOI WIBUTI DUT 100 ---- Sex distribu- contains figuares showing the proportion of the two sexes at different age groups. Girls are always outnumbered by boys physiologically but once over the age or 50, it is usually men to be outnumbered. by women. This is partly because physio- logically females. can live 5:Longer life than males and partly because males have greater chance to be exposed to danger.. eng. employment in heavy industry, invol− -vement in warfare, etc. But the same thir is not necessarily true to Hong Kong, wher population growth is much influenced by 'immigration,
Geo-
Geographical Distribution. graphical distribution contains figuares mehowing the density of population in each arsaof the country. In the 1961 census Hong Kong, an area in the Central Distric and an area ne ar an Chai Market were found to be most densely-populated. Bus the 1966 by-census reveals a striking change of population in geographical d1s- tribution, a heclthy tendency to move: Trom over-orovded urban areas to the pre viously sparsely populated suburb.
Uccupational DistriDution. ---- Uccu- pational distribution contains figuares showing the proportion or working popu- lation employed 1.. Various lines. The 1961 census shows that 40% of the whole population is employed in manufacturing: industries and the equal percentage in various kinds of services., This is enough to show the importance of trade and in- dustry in the economy of Hong Kong.
Besides distributions in Languages used, educational standard, place or ori- gin, conjugal status, etc. are all valu- Cable information revealed by census and:
by-census,
Explain the causes that change the popu- lation of a country and the importance of census and by-census in relation to social development.
Answer:- The change of population is in Luenced by four main factors :- birth,
報日橋等
日期星日一廿月二年一七九一曆公年十六國民華中育教僑華
rate, death-rate, immigration and emigra- tion. These changes may mean an increase or decrease in the number of inhabitants in a country..
Birth-rate --
urveverything Temains constant it is found that the increase of birth rate is directly proportional to
In fact, the rate of population Erowth.
the birth-rate depends very much on the number of women that marry, 1 The number of women of child-bearing age, and the nums ber of children the married couple. want to have. But two noticeable trends about
that birth- birth-rate can be observed:
rate is much higher in underdeveloped countries than in advanced countries and that within the same society "the lower. classes usually have a much greater birth rate than the upper and middle-classes.. This can be explained by their educational standard. In Hong Kong, because of Late 1 marriage and Ludustrialization, and throw "ugh the work done by the Family Planning Association, birth rate has been decreas sing in recent years, resulting in a rise of the standard of living.
Death-rate
a rapid growth or population is very often caused by Low death-rate. in fact death-rate depends many factors of which the most important are geographical position, political sta- bility, medical asrvice and sanitary con- altions. But death-rate has been decrea- sing in recent years due to advancement of meddeal researches, especially in the: field or Infant mortality-rate. Hong Kong
is crude death rate is now around:5/1000 compared with averagely 8/1000 in 1950's and infant morte lily-rate is now around 25/1000 compared with averagely 65/1000 in 1950's, The great fall in infant mor- tality-rate is greatly responsible for the rapid:growth of Hong Kong's population after the 2nd World War.
Immigration ---- The rate of popula- tion growth is very much influenced by the influx of population into a country. Because of the political instability in South East Asio, Hong Kong is regarded as a place where people can shelter and de- velop. Indeed, vidoughout the history on the Colony, the influx of population come mostly from Chine, and some from other South East Asian countries. These in- nigrants have been being absorbed into the rapid increasing population of Hong Kong.
Emigration --- when the people of country leave for her places, it causes the population to aop In Hong Kong, the number of enigrants is too small to have any effect on the decrease of population, but a tendency of emigra- tion is now growing, chiefly because of the population: pressure and the limited opportunities for development. These emigrants include university graduates, all kinds of professional people, skilica. and unskilled labourers, etc who settle down mostly in Canada, United States. australla, and South america.
As the 917e or population onanges. all the time, it is necessary to know the approximate figuares by holding census and by-census. With the information revealed in the census and by-census, the Goverme ment is able to inow the need of the com munity so that: plans can be made to meas future demands.
" It is aimed at going good for averybody, especially for the future... "generation. nTo that end those in author- ity must now, as accurately as possible. general facts about the population for the planning of economic and social de− velopment so that money will not be was ted by facilities being over-provided, or provided in the wrong place. The neces- sary facts can be found only by the census.
Mar 11 18 round coat the rate of population growth is too high, drastic measures have to be taken to limit inn. gration and to control the birth-rate..
with the information on age dis- tribution, the Government is able to know the nature of many social problems, potential labour force and the magnitude of available military manpower.
Furthermore, sex aistribution will help the Government to know about quality of its labour force, docupational distribution clarifies the working of present day economy and geographical
distribution provides valuable references. for the town planners to avoid condem tions and over-crowdedness.
Exercise 17
医院
夏十三業中文大班校外
針,無極限制, 志人士均可韩名品加。
王風光行九樓八〇九至八 尖沙哐维英大
·公加本俱導進修,
六室課,全期限变
午七牾至九時在尖阻
日心先由
卷八姐下月以何主該
九七一年度
一點二小時,與停时
並近,酒合及職業
·核茬六講,每
程課設新部外楼大中
導輔生學與驗測育教
暴
中文中學會考試題預習專欄
生物科
(十七)
●李大雄-
第十七講
21-2-31
練習十六客案
(甲)(a)扁球形
(d)暗紫紅色.
(2)()黑色的
(仙單核白血球
病菌
泥蛋白質
的變形蟲
(a)骨髓汤圆形
(2)纖維蛋白
(三) (a) 90%:
化)生理機能 的卵黄素 (2)廢物 毒素
練習十七
(一)填无題:
(C)鮮紅色
(C)核的形状 (4)無顆粒
(4) 250,000
名(C)拨径 紅血球
(4)氨基酸
(0) 養料肉細胞
病
(8) 膠溶体 維他命
(6)二氧化碳 )抗體素
二人類的血液中含有抗原(或稱())和抗 體(或稱(HF))。前者存於紅血球中,並可分 兩種,即抗原A和抗原B;後者存於血清 看可分為抗體~和抗體b.當輸血的 (C)便發生血球凝集作 用
血球和同樣發生凝 作 用,因此含抗原A的紅血球,應配以 含抗體的血清含抗原B的紅血球應 配以含抗體的血清,方可避免血球的 凝集
(C)人類的血液可根據血液的凝集反意試驗
而分为A、B、AB和O四型。
血型紅血球分有抗原
·A·
B
AB
填-
題(淋巴系》
血清含有抗體
淋巴系是一個輔助血及在血管內
*(a)的一個循環系。淋巴系是由淋巴管、淋
液和淋巴腺所組成。
(1)淋巴液是一種血色而(f)的液体,
種液体是血漿和(C)從名 中渗出浸漬於組織间的細胞间 的液体,其功用是傳送(d)称备 細胞、收集各細胞產生的廢物 及清除侵入組織的細菌病毒
(1)淋巴管是(e)的小管。它不與()相建 它開口於各組織之细胞内。淋 巴液於完成任務後,一部份济
可微血管,而
在淋巴管
如一部份則收集 再由小淋巴管收集 於大淋巴管後分由左右雨
(ii)淋巴腺是一()形ù)狀结缔組織的)
分佈在淋巴管每隔若干距離的
能產生
並能截留淋巴液帶 回的病菌或毒素, 便不能流入 血液中,因淋巴腺有()作用。
(三)填-
題
脾臟是一個淋巴組織它的表
的關係。它的主要功用是
们能製造白血球,尤其是(C)
有加强
身体抵抗力的功用。
面呈(a)狀。脾臟缑(1)系統有着密切
Distinguieh between a change in the amount demanded and a change in demand.
能便(d)的紅血球崩解,因而促進的 球的代謝作用。
(1)能調節循環於体内的(七)
血球的貯藏庳.
它是綱状内皮系统的活動中心天 一。脾臟的细状内皮细胞能吞食 衰敗的红血球及在臟中把. 其中血色素爱為(g)
What is meant by marginal utility T does the Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility operate ?
HOW