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英中會考地理(二)答案
堅道英文書院撰答
Suggest answere
of
Certificate of Education Examination (English)
Section A
Geography-II-
1) Photographe A and B in Fig. 1 show two Hong Kong
rivers. For each:
(a) Describe the main characteristics of the river and its valley as seen in the photograph, (b) Name To features which may be found in a.
river showing such characteristics. Explain briefly how each of these features has been formed,
The characteristica of the river and ita valley oan be summarised into
Photograph A: The river is having a steep gradient as a result the velocity of the running water can be considered as high. The high velocity results in a high rate of erosion au illustrated by the large nunger of boulders present in the river course. The valley wall is steep and comes very close to the river itself. In fact the river can be described as confined by the valley. One of the most distinot features which can be observed in the photograph is the pressure of interlocking spurs. This may be produced by unequal rate ur erosion as the river twists and turns around Castroles of hard rock, In fact, river cliffs are neily discernible.
PHOTOGRAPH
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報日僑著
二期星:日六十 月五年〇七九一曆公年九十五國民華中
(A) River meander
英味會考地理(二)試題
(B) Swamps (on both sides of the
river)
(c) Padi Fields.
(D) Valley wall
The two features are
(1) Interlocking spurst - this is formed by vertical erosion of a river in ite upper
course as it twists and turns around obstacles of hard rock. A greater rate of erosion is found on the concave banke of the benda and as a result the spurs will interlock with one another. The undercut concave banks will form river cliffs while on the convex banks the rate of erosion is much slower and consequently a gentle slip-off-slope will be formed. (11) Ox-bow lake - ox-bow lake is formed by an acute meander where a narrow neck of land separates two concave banke which are being underout. As the water overspills the bank during a flood, the neck may be out through and the river would take a new course, by- passing the old meander which is then left as an ox-bow lake.
FORMATION OF MX- BOW LAKE
DIAGRAM ·
(A) DX-BOW LAKE
DIAGRAM
(B)
(a) Name and describe the domi ant types of natural- vegetation found in the Congo Basin and in the extreme north-western part of Africa. Account for the differences between these types-
MAP FOR QUESTION TWO
GEOGRAPHY
PAPER 11
Tinc allowed Two and a half hops
Answer FIVE questions. At least ONE question should be chosen from each of Sections A, B, C, and
BLE OR BUIT Sketch-maps and coagrams
SECTION PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY
THEY NOIP TO VEústrate an answer.
Photographs A and B in Figure I show two Hong Kong rivers, For each:
Describe the main characteristics of the river and its valley is seen in the photograph,
b) Name TWO features which may be found in a river showing such characteristics. Explain briefly.
how each of these features has been formed,"
Name and describe the dominant types of natural vegetallon found in the Congo Basin and in the extreme north-western pan of Africa.
Account for the differences between these types,
The following two paragraptisation the South China Morning Fast describe two natural disasters one of which occurred in a Philippine island south of Manila on the 28th September, 1965 and the other in Hong Kong on the 27th September, 1965;
"At 2.25 am a giant gush of fame shot up and rose high in the sky like a red-hoz cannon ball, a tremendous explosion shook the ground and rocks and ashes started falling like rain. Five villages on the island were reported buried under lavi and hand all vegetation and mostly coconut trees had turned brown from the heat... Every five minutes or so, thick whils smoke would shoot up hundreds of seet.
STRAIN TUM, LIGE A
A four-year-old boy was killed and three other people injoret Vaf fight when tons of mud ashed down a hill in terrential raźn.
A junk capsized off Ishy Yi Islanit, near Trim Wan throwing its ten occupants into the choppy sea
"About 20-30 per cent of the New Temtones vegetable crop and from ju to ou put cent vegetable seedlings were affected by floodings.
Wind gusts of 52 knots and 49 knots were recorded at the Enservatory and the airport respectively. At the station on Tate's Cairo, guasts of 67 knots were recorded "
Name the two natural phenomens described here
Write a brief explanatory sccount of the occurence and characteristics of each of them.
TROPICAL EVERGREEN"
RAEST
13 MEDITERRAN
FOREST
With the aid of sketch maps or diagrams, give a reasoned account of the following:
The International Date Line
Fiords in Western Norway
Ocean currents in the North Atlantie.
·JECTION B
Section. B
REGIONAL GEOGRAPHY
On the sketch maps of Monson Asia gave in Figure 2, draw in the winter and summer pressure systems and the resulting winds.
Discuss the effect of the monsoon winds on ne enthate of mong nung“
(A) Interlocking Spurs
(B) River Cliff
(C) Large Boulders.
(0) Narrow Valley - confined by
sleep wall
Photograph B: This photograph 1llustrates a typical scene encountered in the lower course of a river where active sedimentation leeds to the building up of an alluvial flood plain, Here the velocity of the running water is reduced to a minimum since the relief is. almost flat. Features which can be seen in this photograph include river meander which as formed by the swinging of the river as it moves repose the level flood plain. Marshes and Bwamps can also be observed on both sides of the river, parts of which have been reclamed to cultivate wet padi. In contrast to photograph A where the river is confined to a narrow valley, the valley wall in photograph B is very remote from the river course and is found at. Tery great distance.
(B)
PHOTOGRAPH B.
©)
The domiant type of natural vegetation found in the Congo Basin can be described as Tropical Evergreen Forest, Such vegetations are. characterized by the presence of a large
Unlike variety of plants within a small area. the temporate forest where one type of trea may cover an area of several hundred square miles; in the Congo Basin, one may find several hundred species of flora within one acre. AB the trees are tall broad-leaved evergreens, they form an almost continuous canopy which presents the direct penetration of moat of the sun's rays. Consequently, there is little or no undergrowth on the ground which is covered mainly with saprophytes, ferns and herbaceous plante. In the extreme north-western part of Africa, typical Mediterranean vegetation can be found. It is characterized by a wider spacing of the trees and as a result of low emount of rainfall, the vegetation becomes scrub-like and the fruits of the plants" .concern are covered with a thick skin to
prevent a loss of their moisture content. leaves of such trees e.g. oak, and fig are thick and this can reduce the rate of transpiration.
The most important reason that account for the differences between these two types is the amount of annual precipitation may be as much as 80 inches, this coupled with a high*** temperature result in rapid plant growth. On the other hand, arid conditions prevail in most part of N.W, Africa and so the trees have a wider spacing for the amount of precipitation. is not sufficient for trees growing closely apart. The adaptation for a drier climate by the vegetation is also illustrated by the
appearance or the trees and the fruita as described previously. Every measure is taken to ensure a slow rate of transpiration as rainfall ia very low in such areas.
There is little or no undergrown an Dúvi cnese areas. In the Tropical Evergreen forest, sunlight rarely can penetrate to the growth o that vegetative growth is very much retarded though water is in plentiful supply. In the Mediterranean, type, the reason is just the Tavarne, as there is ample sunlight for plant growth but there is always a shortage of water supply.
(a). Write a brief account of rice cultivation in the Lower Mekang Basin.
Draw a large amonted sketch map of Japan (Le. ons with brief explanatory notes on the insp) to show why fishing is important there.
Compare and contrast the rellet, climate and human activities of the Yunnan Pisteauand.the Siklang Basin
Section: BI
Describe the distribution of population in the Indian Sub-conti
(b) Account for the high papalation density of Eastern Pakistan.
Draw a sketch map of Western Pakistan to show the major ingatton stines. Desenbe briefty now turge-scale ungation is practised there. Discuss the importance of irrigation in the development of this region.
Section B IN
Describe and secount for the distribution of population in Australia,
Draw a sketch map of the Murray Basun to show the major brigation schemes. Describe how large sale irrigation is practised there. Discuss the importance of irrigation in the development of this region
SECTION C WORLD HUMAN AND ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY
Figure 3 show a large-scale plan of a Corn Beh farm in lowa
(a) Give the conditions necessary for the growth of the chief crap.
Give a reasoned account of the farming activities which are carried on to the farm
What are the main characteristics found in this farm which cannot be found in an average Farmin Hong Kong?
Both Hong Kong and the region shown in Figure 4. are important Industrial areas. Narne and give an example of the major sypie, of industry carried on in each Compare and contrast the reasons for Us rise of Industry in these two arcas.
What are the user of rivers? Give examples."
Show how River Rhine and (ii) River Amazon play an important role in the life of the reve through which each flows
Draw large sketch wraps to show the importance of any TWO of the following towns i
New York, Paris, Buenos Aires.
Using some of the toutation given in Figures 5 and 6, give reason for the growth of the port of Mombasa
(未宗章入第四張第三目)