显须用凸透镜焦距為, 解設所用之凸透镜之焦距為土
-14
真二第張六第 日八廿月二年戌庚夏 WAH KIU YAT PO
郭日僑華
六期星日四月四年〇七九一曆公年九十五國民華中 育僑華
1770英文中學會考試題預習專欄
倉魚頭 中文中學會考試題預習專欄]
堅道英文書院主編
鄧炳恩
歷史科
(#)
HISTORY (22)
What ware the aims of the League of Nations? Was the League successful in-achieving these aims?
Outliner
1. Introductorys the 14 Fointe and the League of
Nation.
2. Aimes. (a) to protect independent countries
from aggression;
to preserve peace.
3. Initial successes: nettling disputes and
aiding post-war recovery
in its first decade of lira.
4. Reasons for failures
the exclusion of the U.5, and the U.5.3.R.{
3) the exclusion freed foros.
5. Fallures: aggressive acts of Japan, Italy and
Germany.
5. Conclusion.
At the end of the First World War President
Wilson of the United State laid down the famous
Fourteen Points for the reference of the Peace
Conference. The last point suggested the formation of
an international organization for the guarantee of the independence of all states. His idea was realized by the establishment of the League of Nations with its headquarters at denevar
The League aimed at the co-operation of governments of the whole world for the protection all independent nations from aggression and the preservation of peace. The member states were"
required to settle disputes by arbitration and should never resort to war, Article XVI of the Covenant of
the League--the Sanction clause-permitted the use of moononic and, if necessary, military sanctions
against any nember which committed aggression. For the preservation of peace, besides the permanent Assembly at Geneva, an International Court of Justice wua set up at The Hague. The member staten MOTE obliged to accept the rules of international law- an operated by the Court, to respect all treaties
by the County to 7
concluded between them, and to recognize the need to. reduce their armaments. An International Labour Office. (ILO) was set up to secure international agreements Con wagen, conditions of labour and general social
conditions e-
The League made somɑ important achievements in fulfilling its niss during the first years of its existence, 'It rettled a number of disputes between its members states in the 1920's and thus prevented these disputes from developing into a war. The first case was over the Aaland Islands between Sweden and Finland and was settled by a decision of the Council which gave the islands to Finland. The dispute between Germany; and Poland over the division of Upper Selenia was also settled peacefully. In 1921, the League scoured the withdrawal of the Italian troops whieh bombarded and occupied the Greek island. of Corfu as a reprisal for the murder of four De Italians by the freske, In 1925 the fighting-between Gresos and Bulgaria was quickly settled by Leagus
envoys.
The League also contributed much to the post- Mar recovery of its member states by it economio and humanitarian work. Austris and Hungary received direct ecomenio aid from the League to reconstruct ... their ecosexy, Greek and Bulgarian refugaes wore
helped by funds. It also assisted in fighting post- war spidemies and the drug traffic.
Dampite these initial successes, the League WAB distined to fail because of its many serious. weaknesses, The United States refused to bacono a nember from the start although the League var enthusiastrienlly proposed by President Wilson sna Russia had not entered it, The Covenant threatened the use of asanomic, or military sanotions against aggressors but the League did not have any armed forces to enforce its decisions. It simply depended on the voluntary co-operation of its members. Thus, arbitration could only be used successfully in caMON concerning smaller states. In case of the Great Powers or determined armed challenge, the League was left halplass,
As early as 1923, Lithuania seised the Baltic port of Kamal by foron compelling oosupying French troops to withdraw. In another case, Polish troopm captured, the city of Vilna. In both incidente, the League had to accept the results. The weaknesses of the League became incrassingly obvious after 1930. In 1931, Japan attacked Chinn and set up a puppet state in Manchuria. Although Japan was condemned in the aggressor by the League, no decisive action was taken against her, In 1933 Japan withdrew from the League, followed by Germany which was now under the rule of Hitler.
in 1935 Italy invaded Abyssinia. in embargo on the sale of ́áras to Italy was imposed by the Langue but it did not prevent the conquest of Abyssinia by Italy. In 1936 Germany occupied the Rhineland, It was an open violation of the Versailles Treaty but the League did nothing to oppose it. In 1938 when GermaD troops invaded Austria, neither the League nor the great powers side any other than verbal resistance, In 1939 Csachoslovakia was overrun by the German army, British, French and Russian protests were ignored by 4 Hitler. In the sans year, Italy successfully conquered ilbania. ly 1940 the Roms-Berlin-Tokyo Azis had been
stablished.
The Longus" had done a lot of valuable work in the firat decade in settling disputes and helping- Post-War. IeSovery, Nevertheless, it failed in the more important task of preventing aggressions which finally led to the Second World War. Therefore, the Gleague was a failure in leaving its' aims not fulfilled.
GELULOSELY ROSOURE TOP Japan's motives in her expansion in China during 1931 to 1941.
物理科
K光之折射及光學儀器填-
題題解 1光在水中之速度為2026x10米/秒 解設為光在水中之速度,C為光在空氣中之
速度
• C = 3×10⋅ */*Y
•· M = C/V
v = C/M = 3×10° / 1·33 = 2.26 X 10′ (866)
2二硫化碳對於水之折射率为1.22. 解鼓二硫化碳對於水三折射率为nu
****** & alw = 1,33
-# Wok 2 # # of alls = 1.62
willy = all's falles = 1·62/1.33 = 1.22
3.此平凸透鏡之焦距为55.6厘米 解設此平凸透镜之焦距為士
凸面
平面
曲率半径為=30厘米
晚瑙之折射率為alkg
则由公式
+ = (μ-1) ( + + +)
= (1-54-1) (30 + 0)
=0.54/30
f =55.6 (2A
凸透镜之焦距为子则
此凹凸透鏡之焦距为64.5厘米
解极此
+= (u-1)(+++)
= (1 62-1) (-24 + 20)
= 0.62/40
$ = 14.5 (34)
- 传敞透镜為30厘米又依高15厘米
= -30 (34)
135 = (30×5)//10 = 15 (38) 太像在透鏡前距透镜 重米 解設所成之像距透镜为你则
-9+ (D)
7.須用凹透鏡,焦距為2吋 拼設所用之凹透镜之焦距為
+ = 8,2 (4)
Oktliner
1. Introduction: Japan's aggression not purely
predatory 2. Causas of expansion:
economic strategio.
c) paychological complexos (d)) ultraantiönalis
3. The Kasaburian Incident, 1931 4. The Sino-Japanese War, 1937
5. Conclusiāns Japan was 'fooled by the aray!
During the decade from 1930, Japan pushed on her Programme of evoracam expansión and aggression into China, However, har policy of expansion was not purely predatory, she was motivated by some internal naeda and psychological complexes.
Japan a fundamental motive was adenomio. Ear population was fast increasing, from about 50 million in 1910 she reached 64 million by 1930, Japan must seek outlets for engration as her “cultivable land was very fully exploited. Or she could
absorbed the surplus population by extension of her industry. However, Japan was lacking in natural resources and overseas markets. The United States and. other markets were closed to Japan owing to the economic depression in 1931. China also boycotted Japanese goods, inflicting more harm to Japanese trade, Thus Japax wanted to acquire territories from which she could obtain raw materials and an exclusive market. Chins was a most promising one.
The second hotiva was strategio. The Japanese people believed that their country was particularly vulnerable to invasions from the continent. They regarded Manchuria as a barrier against Russian ancrochment. They also wanted to exolude ventern influences from China so that no western: Power would be established there and threathened her supremacy in East Asia, Thus she wanted to dominate China.
The third gotive was her psychologocal complexes. Successful westernization made them, believed in their own ability and their 'manifest destiny — to frea Asia from western domination (The so-called Japan's Monroe Doctrins) end to lead her to regenerate under Japanese Leadership (the so-called Pan-Amianium). On the other hand, the western restrictions on Japanese enigration and trade made them felt humuliated. They became anti-West, and believed in a "New Order in Fast Asia? under Japanese hegemony to revive the tradițional order and oriental virtuss.
Fourthly, there was a strong tradition of
18/12
f = -24/13 (x) = -22.2 (17)
(放大率之精確值為6倍,其近似值为5倍, 解放大学之精确值為2+1=6
放大牢之近似值为
因25厘米為明视距離,
10.顯微鏡放大率之精確值為90倍,其近似值,
100 1
解放大率之精確值為15(學+1)=90 倍
放大率之近似值為
25 L 25X36 Inte
K光之折射及光學儀器問答計算題
1.在一長方形稜鏡B之頂上噴火折射率当儿
之液体平行接觸面之
入射光耀侞图經胶镜 6折射後其方向與面 之垂線成一角度
狻鏡之折射率為儿,求
从孔及~表米液体
時声音在空氣中之速度為346米/秒,
在氢氣中為1284米/秒, 现有
一中則為1440米/秒。
●曲面,两曲面間
-
滿氢氯而製成西曲
办率半径相同
(a)試决定此透镜之形狀及其 李半径使之
对声音之焦距在空氣中芍 50米;
曲季半径在
(b)若在水中使用透鏡之形状,
如何才可使其焦距为50米 直径为20厘米之玻璃圓板其下半浸沒於 液体中版面。 工件表面互相垂直液体之 『率為1.155,玻璃之折射率為1.414,现有
光束自液体衣铝直上射,於圆板边缘上 A折射進入圆板A点與圆板之盛直直
距離为S.亊 s 於某一臨界值S時 交面處作全反射走
光末會在冕板块空氣
界值S!
4 2 2
13.5 厘米三針於一落透锐上前45型
透镜之焦距
若將與山性質相同之箔透鏡L2置於與該 封之間,且距L苟25 厘米之處則一新像即 因此透镜系统而生成試計算此新像之高及 舆該針間之距離又此新像為實像抑为虚像
ultranationalistic elements in Japan. Her insular and isolated nature had generate among her people a strong sense of national pride and patriotism. Her.. long military tradition had given her military and naval leaders a special position in Japan. Her Shinto religion had inspired unbound devotion to the Emperor and justified their divine mission' to spread the
Imperial Way to neighbouring countries. All. these were strongly manifested in the decade of 1930s when the military elements seized control of power in the government.
These are the driving forces behind her expansion into China. Japan lost no time in seeking bør opportunities for expansion. Japan had always wanted South Manchuria with its rich resources. When the Chinese Nationalist Government asserted Chinese sovereignity in Manchuria, Japan became- convinced that swift action was necessary if Japan was to maintain her position in Manchuria. On September 8, 1931, the Japanese, on the alleged pretext that some Chinese were mining a section of the South Manchurian Railway, took military action and occupy Mukden.
·Disregarding Chinese proteats and the judgement of the League of Nation, Japan occupied the whole of Manchuria and Jehol and set up an independent state called Nanohukuo — a puppet of Japan.
In 1936, the Nationalist and Communist joined hands in the United Front against Japan. Threathensc China by this the Japanese took swift action against C Hostilities broke out at the Marco Polo Bridge in Peking and soon a general war began. The Japanese. owing to tâbir superior armforces, was able to capture the main cities and communication libes of China. But Japan had not conquered China. The Nationalist Government withdrew to Szechuan and other inland territories. In 1940, the Japanese set up the #true government of Free China' at Nanking under Wang Ching Wei, But the Nationalist Government refused to come to terms with Japan. In 1941, Partly as an attempt to cut American supplies to China, Japan moved into South East Asia and attacked Feras Harbour on December 7, 1941. War was declared and the Sino-Japanese War became part of the Second World War.
The Japanese believed that in fighting China, they were 'liberating' China from the evil influence of Communism and the evil effects of the Nationalist anti-Japan propaganda. Their war sing was to build up the 'Great East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere, to bring peace and stability to Ania, However, these were merely pretexts for war put up by the militarista. The Japanese cannot justify themselves in osusing great sufferings to Asin. In the words of a historien, Japan had been fooled by the azmy!,