育教備
張卡第一百九十月三年酉己歷夏 WAH KIU YAT PO
1969-UP.
生物科
(二十八)
JIOLOGY (28).
Antwer to the questions of last week:
.(a) What do you understand by "transpiration"?
·(b)
Адв
Distinguish between transpiration in flowering. plants and perspiration in mammals. What
external factors determine the rate (i) transpiration and (11) perspiration?
Transpiration is the process by which plants Jose their water as water vapour into the atmospheric air. This is brought about by the evaporation taking place in stems and leaves especially in the stomata.. Consequently excessive heat in plant is released and the
transpiration pull" created facilitates the transpiration of mineral salts in the vascular bundle.
Distinction of Transpiration from Perspiration
Transpiration.
(1) Evaporation of
water in the form
of water vapour from the stomatal pores of the
leaves in grean planta:
(11) Has the function of forming a transpiration streas which helps the
conduction of water in xylemy
(iii) Transpiration occurs in the parts of the
body of a green plant.
(iv) Loss of water by,
transpiration.,
Perspiration
Release of water and wasté or. metabolism through the sweat pores of the Bweat glands of man or some other mammalian skins.
(11) Has functions of
excretion and body temperature. regulation which
keep the body
temperature constant
in a hot
environment.
perspiration
accurs in the skin
of a man or the
skins of sons mammals,
Loss of water, by- products of
metabolism by
perspiration.
(b) External factors that influence the rate
¡transpiration:
Light the influence of light on transpiration is mainly indirect, as it brings about the opening of the stomata which are the chief apertures of water loss, in transpiration.
Temperature - the nigher the temperature the greater the rate of trjnspiration. An increase in air temperature increases the. temperature of the leaf. In turn the increase in temperature of water in the leaf speeds the rate at which water molecules escape as water vapour from the leaf surface through the stomatal pores.. Therefore sh increase in leaf temperature favours an increased rate of transpiratio because water may evaporate more rapidly from the leaf,
Relative humidity – is the amount of water\/ vapour in the atmospheric air at any elated temperature,
The higher the relative humidity the lesser the rate of transpiration. Usually the rate of transpiration varies inversely with the relative humidity of the air.j
Moving air (wind) - In still air the rate of transpiration is reduced while in moving air the rate of transpiration is increased. 5. The moisture content of the soil It
affects the rate of transpiration indirectly by altering the absorption rate of water by the roots of plents. As far as we know low soil temperatures markedly reduce the absorption of water by roots when there is an optimum amount of water in the Boïl. Factors that affect the rate of perspiration:- Temperature - In high temperatures, sweat passing through the sweat pores of the sweat glands is excreted more while in low atmospheric temperatures excretion of sweat is lessened. This is one of the physiologica functions of excretion by means of perspiration in mammals. In addition, this in a cooling effect bringing about a lowering of the body temperature.
2. Emotion-Functional emotion is controlled. by the hormone, adrenaline, which, when increased on account of temperor in anger is secreted increasingly. The increased, hormone will cause heat in the body because of its stimulation to the muscle receptors. So body temperature increases and the rate of perspiration is affected.
2. (a) What are the main functions of the mammalian
blood? By means of a labelled diagram, show the structure of a named mammalian heart and indicate the course followed by the blood in the heart of this mammal.
Ane
(b) State Five differences between arteries and
veing. What happens to the blood as it passes through the capillaries in lungs.
(a) The main functions of the blood arer
Transportation - (i) The blood (oxy- haemoglobin of the red blood cells) conveys -oxygen from the lungs to the tissues and
carbon dioxide in the deoxyhaemoglobin from the tissues to the lungs.
(ii) The blood carries nourishment,
arter
報日橋
absorption from the small intestine, first to the liver and then to the tissues. (111) The blood conveys the excreta (urea and nitrogenous wastes) to the kidneys for excretion in the form of urine and to the liver for excretion in the bile. Chemical co-ordination - Hormones secreted from the endocrine organs are distributed by the blood to the tissue cells so as to com ordinate the working and functions of the body.
tion of infection - The leucocytes
blood cells) possess phagocytic
action. That is the bacteria invading into the body are ingested by the leucocytes In addition, the blood can fulfill the function of the antigen-antibody which combate the bacteria and neutralizes their toxins.
Temperature regulation The blood absorbs the body heat and carries it to the skin and lungs for dissipation into the air. This is the way to keep the body heat constant and to prevent the body from becoming over- heated.
Coagulation of blood for healing process The blood platelets in the blood form a clot to stop bleeding by the conversion of fibrinogen into fibrin in the presence of calciumions and other factors..
四期星日五十月五年九六九一曆公年八十五國民蓋中
「接第六張第二頁)
内山會考專欄數學科
(廿八)
喬仲强®
ac=abrtc-v
a^(c-b)—b(c+b)(-b)=0
-b)(a−bc-b)=
ac-ab-bor fo
()卷
依畢氏定理
CB
=180° it'x 2B+B+B=180′′
(u) abc-b
C=45
A=90°
-brbc [Ab-cl
9] a=b+bc
*k 7 to 14 494#*8 a=b+bc. (别証)作<A的平分线 AD, 則
B2DAB=28
(对等角之边相等)
AD=DB= t
bc=t+xt=t(t+x)=ta
三角形两边之積等於夹角平分
线平方,加第三边上两线段之積厂
QED
喜一(三角形の角平分銭;対出典的郡域比例
k-t, last, bike xrt a a
•b+bc-a.
hot bc ta
2.E.0.
(6) A ABC R, 九备為其外楼园及内切园半径,着
Support The constant pressure in the arteries causes the blood, to support the tissues and to maintain the turgidity of the body
($) =
Aorta
pulmonary
Artery
Right Superior
Right Auricle
Inferior Vena cava
Semi-lunar Valve
Tricuspid valve
Right
Ventricle
Vena cava
Inter Ventricular Muscle
25=a+b+c
R=abc, it'λ
+b+c=3b
.E.D.
姥
(7) ▲ ABC + Ža2+
(証)由餘弦定律.
af står at A+ cot C=2cot B
b+c - abc cos A
c2= a2+f-rab cos C
b= a+c2 zac coz B
b+c-2bccos A+ a + b2 2abcos 0
•2(a2+c2-zac coB).
2b-2 b c cos⋅ A-20b cos.C.
Thrabe,
atc-baccosts.
abccos A+2abcos C-4accos R
Q=2Kain A, fxzRrint
Zuse By cot Arcot C-200t 8
simB
(8) 4 A B C 4 £ A-8=40° R a+b=2e E
~pulmonary
Vein
“化簡
•Left
但
Auricle
valve
Bicuspid
但由正弦定律 代入
2Rain A
-Left
Vent
The Structure OF A Human Heart.
The human heart is a bollow, muscular cone- shaped organ which is divided into four chambers, the upper called atria (left and right auricles) and the lower called ventricula... (left and right ventricles). The whole organ is wrapped in a tough membrane, the pericardium. situated in the thoracic cavity. The cavity between the inside of the pericardium and the outaida of the heart fills with fluid to minimize the friction during cardiac movements.
all four chambers hava muscular walla, but of different thicknesses. Those of aurioles are thin dependent on the amount of work. required to force their contents into the ventricles. The walls of the right and left ventrioles are thicker, especially those of the right ventricle, because they have to pump blood through the lungs or to produce pressure required to force the blood out of the aorta to the rest of the body.
The gate between the right auricle and right ventricle is termed the tricuspid value because the latter is composed of three fream and flaps while the gate between left auricla and left ventricle is called biouspid value which includes only two flaps. These two values will regulate the flow of blood.
(b)
here is an artery, the pulmonary artery, coming out from right ventricle to the lunge. The aorta, which coming out from the left ventricle to the rest of the body. At each base of these arteries, there is a whorl of three flaps called the semilunar value, preventing the blood from retreating back.
There are two veins, superior vena cava i and inferior vena cava entering the right auricle.
Arteries
(1) They carry blood
away from the heart. (11) They are usually
thick, muscular and have slastic walle..
(iii) Blood in arteries
is usually oxygenated, the exception being the pulmonary arteries.
(iv) The diameter of
lunen ia smaller
Veins
(1) They carry blood te
the heart.
(11) They are usually
thin, non-muscular and have less elastic walls.
(iii) Blood in veina ia
usually de-oxygenated with the exceptioh of the pulmonary veins.
·cos:
(EE)
正法律
B+ X =
a+b
cos C
+
cos C
RR sina
rinC.
Ain AtzinB
cos/C cos 45
Zain ±(A+B) co1⁄2(A–B)
a+b=
arb
Lain — — 1-2 ( 4 ) = 1-2×7=—•(4*)
第廿八次預習題
(1)某人步行,若每時速度較豫定速度多行1里,則早到内心 時,若速度較豫定速度少行完里,則遲到1小時,求两地距離 及豫定速度
2)两地相距40公里,甲乙二人相向而行 5小時相遇,甲行1
·公里呀需時間較乙行1公里好需時間少8分鐘,求二人速度. (3)某人乘單車旅行24哩之路程,每時速率多行2哩
則可早到1小時求原来之速度
(4)求1至500間能被6或9万整除之一切整数之和
· (5) 32 x+4 = y + = =1, H3£ 3+==|
(6)基等差報數第中項第項等各
* } p2 + g + r2 = 3 p q r
(7)% a+b+c=0, EXÉE a+b+c2 2(af+fc+c2α),
其逆定理成立否?試証明之
4 (9-x2 = √12 (x1b-3 +3
(8) (a) the y-
维横軸俱以一吋表一單位)
(f)利用此图像,以求方程式 40-3X-9=
(v) Valves are
absent except
the semilunar
valves present in
the bases of
aorta and the
pulmonary artery
***
(y). Valves preventing
the blood from
retreating back
are present at intervals.
When the deoxygenated blood passen through the capillarien in lunge the sodium bicarbonate in the plasma of the blood p decomposes releasing carbon dioxide which is diffused into the air saon and is expelled. At the same time the haemoglobin in the rad blood cells combines with oxygen to fore oxyhaemoglobin making the blood oxygenatea.
Questions for this weak:
1.
2.
(iv) The diameter of
lumen is larger.
8
What is a parasite?
By means of a labelled diagram, illustrats, the external feature of a Named plant parasite. How is this parasite adapted to its mode of life?
What is a saprophyte?
What are the similarities between the parasitic and saprophytic modes of life? (0) Why are saprophytes important in nature?