REFERENCE LIBRARY 28 DEC 1933
请教伊藥 寅三第張四第日九初月一十年申虛歷IVKH MALYAT PC 報日橋
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文中學會考試題預習
地理科(八)
劉玉領
GEOGRAPHY (8)
13. (a) Describe the three chief agricultural-
methods employed in South-east Asia.
(b) frite an explanatory account on the distri. bution of rice and rubber in South-east Asia.
Three agricultural me thoda predominate an South-east Asia, namely, shifting agriculture plantation agriculture and shallholding egri- culture.
Shifting agricul ture is the most primitave forn or al three. The shifting cultivator clears a
a small spot of land in the forest for cultivation. He usually burns down the original vegetation cover so that the am can be used as fertilmrs. However, he has no knowledge of soil conservation and therefore must, leave pui a first clearing for a new si te men the soil
there has become exhausted after having been in use for several years. The abandoned field. are thus left at the mercy on a oil erosion. This wasterul method is practised only in the sparsely peopled mountainous interior the least accessible orested areas suon as in parts of Sumatra, Borneo, Indo-China and Malaya
Plantation agri ulture is planned conger- cial agriculture on a large scale, This in. volves a comuination or European organisation capital, akill put native labour. Usually thế. plantation is in the form or an estate and 13 scientirically managed. Plantation agriculture was the result on the first impact or Europe on South-east Asia, the object of which is to provide tropical products in large quantities cor markets or temperate lands. Under this.
system, the peasant farmers Decome vage-earners. Plan cations are located mostly on the coasta) Lowlands where communication by rail and by- sea are both convenient and the physical en- vironment is best suited to pre commodities produced. Hoe ver, this land use as not popular with the indigenous peoples who regard to 5- tate as completely foreign. The gene, al tend dency is or the estates to paas into the bands of the indigenous peoples or to oe partly replaced by the smallholders.
Smallholding agriculture relers to the production of crops on small areas though some LETES, ORA do very large. The basis of anall- holding is the inten ai ve altivation of a small area of land oy the smallholder with the help of his family. These farms are privately owned. As a rule, in addition to the subsie Lence, crops grown to meet with the needs on the farmer'a family, cash crops are also produced for sale This is the most important for or agriculture in South-east Asia at present.
Bica
south-east Asia is one of the most impor- tant rice-growing regions in the world. Every territory hers grows rice in its delta lands, river valleys (eg. the Irrawaddy, the Menam, tue Nakong, the Red River, the Barito River)
flood plains or awampy lovlands at 'the
boast, {e.g. the Annam" DOGSETIMI AZAKRIVBORST" the West Malayan coast, the Acheh coast, the Fadang coast, the northern lovlanda of Java, the Manila Plain or the Philippines.) Thế may below will illustrate this point. Three coun- tries of the region, Burma, Thailand and Indo- China produce mora rice than their om needs, and are able to export part of their crop to other countries whereas Indonesia, the Phili-, pines and Malaya have to import from the se ↑ zinau boul countries.
nice is ideally suited to the equatoria (and monsoonal lands of South-east Asia becausey
of the high temperature of approximately 80 ? and the heavy rain of over 60a throughout the. year accompanied often by flooding. Flooding? is pecessary for the optinum growth of the crop. furing its early period of growth. Apart from
in water, the great rivers provide irrigation water. There is flat land on the delta, at tha
and coast, in the broad river valley, or on terraced hillsides. Alluvisi deponi ta found
are usually very fartile and can retain the moisture, Usually an imperm-able hard-pan
under the fields to prevent the ▲way too readily. Cheap transport is by mens of rivers, distributaries"
WH Lei
canals or sea.
Chit of
es in S.8
Rubber
mil
Tữ vìr- Đứx or the world's production of natural rubber comes from S.E. Asia. Rubber
plantations are found on Malaya, Java, Sumatra, Borneo, South-Vietnam, Cambodia, South Thailand and South Burna. Malaysia and Indonesia- are the Leading producers each responsible for zearly 1/3 of the world's total,
at
The rubber tree is confined to regions of @quatorial climate where there is a constant temperatureof about 80°F and a rainfall of least 70" evenly distributed throughout the year. There must not be a dry season for pro- longed dryness will inhibit the growth of the tree and low numidity will cause the over- rapid cessation of the later flow. It needa also well-drained land so that the foothills
or vestern Kalaya are ideal for the planting of rubber trees. As in Malaya, rubber in Jävs is grown on the foothills between 500"- and 1,500 above sea-level in undulating well- drained country where there is some rain at all seasons. Thus rubber plantations in Java are confined to the wetter west a
and to those parts of the extreme south-east where the dra season is not pronounced
Sumatra
Area: 10 90.01
50,000 184,000
roving areas in SEPA!
Rubber
в
Total population
65,000,000 16,000,000
For the information given above, calculate the average density of population per squari mile in Java and Sumatra.”.... Explain why the average density of popula tion differs substantially in these tir islands
aj The average density of po ulation in Java
-1,500 persons per square mile The average density of poptilation in stra = 87 persons per square mile)
(b) The average density or population differ
substantialy in these two islands. The difference can be contributed to a numbej of historical and geographical factors.
Firstly, though Sumatra was the
in the group of Indonesian islands to fiest
discovered by the West, it did not come under Dutch control till early this century, In contrast to Sumatra, Java expanded its population greatnly under the influence of the Culture System' a full century earlier. The Dtuch concentrated on the intensive farming of tropical crops and the promotion of extneisve foreign trade as a result, Java enjoys batter town faci lities, sanitary conditions, and communi cation network than Sumatra.
Secondly, Java has rich volcanic soils, which warrant intensive farming. Ejection ox basic lava from time to time enrich the soils of the lolands and alone make possible, the continuous farming of the land. The fertility of Javanese soils aay be judged by the fact that the rural districus a1@ usually more densely peopled than the urban
咩時沒話要 去代有同文代們宜,時 表是高爲藏語在智萬
淺談英文中學中文教育的幾個問題
的交白内
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中文班育就開委員敛的盤及上面有)的吗? 「必是一時代的。」(三】,這樣來,文字惡的文言文來得高。..
循道中學中六文科合课,桂昌,馬溫城粹華 THE EXTRE 白問題,只是古代漢路和現代漢語的問頸而已,我們供世竟得文食文癞話】,因假時代)的意義。(克) 座於白話,是獨代漢語。正如斯爾先生:「太,我們既不能以架與分高下,也不能以文、白山五孫墨白括交很佔百分之八十,其內容則還是之學校獲前教育, *現在我們所相的交食-是古代漢語的赫,在不同、學上艱深、最高超的技巧,才是兼不容易的,他在一個比发,我們建順將中文教育研究委,而定,跳育內容將有重 茲,我們認露,文白之惡的問題根本上不存在。 因灣最深的無論、架累的感情嗎?證才是交织,文,白籬數的百分率,本來是沒有意请的|專爲車貼色提未來工作 香香波被文合恩語交稱會的於該目標,白話為誤,洪易,外國於說在神,不是部以最洁易的文字來,完全檢棄文曾文,只不過說比重要關小。中文高,作之開得上。环式還激 交敦下問題看既是文宮,白插的問題——其中朝各的深刻,閼態中,你大的文學螟,如中國的白塔最乖。我們建额以白話文君主,並非意味積教育困群事校行政工 陸中文政育的刊物,艾米,都把現今英文中學中文章的價值,不在於文字的解奈,而在於內」 白話文的份量,菠實不能,尤以中四,由五臂宮采集信主的重视 五,更帮助。 主要中學生難用中國語文應付生活需要四、替文文,因爲專攻白師文,對寫作能力的統 一員會報告所提出的百分比倫轉過來,就是中四 其啓示,期爾行將實施
台灣先生在小多年前也&爲中擊生不必分的夫 林述解着」和「秋水」讓我寫到思想的獨放大便共同討論,期演革 WALS-BIKIN (NGABIJ - T&JEVSKIJKJE – 24 |
·宁。然而大漠還是感到交會交易風解的妨礙,來
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尖沙咀地四號出 廿八)下午七美歌 提益之歡。沢又一八一分(下)恢悷功救夊傧節森宗• SOE BACK » REPRES
(服用有之孫氏経印
土語。司馬遷史記的文字,則是漢胡的口語,英達的能力,即中文程度,也就易於很高了。 了「詩經」某民文學,「超」經營著門附方 屏用,能够生實和高的黃健,這樣問雅和
的「容器」和「是」,各2色化的文摩新品,現代語,英坡們生活的一部份,因此神門前 津貼校長今日餐會 参加會田泉府
講長
育會
「象」が「男」近「参加」 孫乗樞講電視教育 総
地區史館東同屬
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|登記者,今日下午均前
一,傳言解時杏易但落 KAFFETANAK-
四話文運動,以適應代的需求。... 「交之夜,有唐宋古文運動,明清八股之,則 【晚節時,總有空學改常迷動的出現;南北朝群 「因盂一般文人有案件守性罷,常文語,日語檢 但文浩的進化銀鍵,往往不上日語,也許
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TE [+] #QK+1} - (RE) YTRE | ZEKNE) ELEK 中一至中三的跳程,白新文佔百分之六十年迷四十餘黨人,各校校一僱工作正在選冕養關,一會定於界 交管 二十六,有分九十六逾六百間,學生人曹亦獲,媒再以來,各 洛二十九台分三十七九龍新界各區種所小產會,公摭陵涿章校 百分网迅速,痒小學校色主席,同日如校其寫實 印發需養 未預報者,今仍可到會琳)
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ones. Sumatra has also many volcanoes,
out they are mainly of acidic type and the. soils they weather into are less fertile than that of Jaya.-
Thirdly, the mountain packeone or Java 19 lesa continuous than that of Sumatra. In Sumatra, the mountain back sone.orms an effective barrier plocking cross-island traffic whilst the numerous gaps between the conical hills of Java allow the pene- tration or roads and railways into the. interior as wel. as across the stand longitudinalty. Consequent to this, Java has an intensive communication network vhich Sumatra jacks.
Fourthly, Java lies south of the equator. Unlike Sumatra mhich 19 cut across by the Equator, it is less hot and less humid. The more pleasant climatic conditions help to attract settlers and hamper the growth or dense equatorial forests. Instead, rich grasslands prevails
Lastly, Java benei its from the absence of swamps. In Sumatra, large swampy lands along the coast keep people away. This is particularly true in its south-east where even the plain
the largest coastal plain
Questions TOT
o all the Indonesian islande, fails to
ttract inhabitants and remain undeveloped.
week
(5. (a) Describe and compare the climates of any
two of the Lollowing toms: Jakarta Nenila, and Saigon.
b) Explain briefly:
1211
the scarcity of ports on the east) coast of Malaya.
why most of the people in Burma. and Siam live near waterways.
why Kalimantan remains the Leas developed of all the Indonesian territories.
Write a geographical account on the Philippines.
Page 15Page 16
食四第張四第
日九初月一十年申戊屣豆
WAH KIU YAT PO