其三第張六第
日四初月五年申戉歷夏
英中會考歷史(二)試題
HISTORY
PAPER"}
Time allowed - Three hours)
Attempt FIVE questione angy, These may be chosen from any TWO Sectiona
Not more than FOUR questions may çe saken from any one Section,
A
SECTION
LAY
CITY
日十三月五年八六九一瓶公年七十五國民高中
WAN KIU YAT PO
·某考英裏文學史;英 新隣感兴有变化俺、
等;英系新文學業、黄映紅等六名。 1 文字眼,及縢代文 云、體合萍、魔將亮 文學系考中艄文里忠明澱、凝致崧、馮越 考試两小時。計中國。社會激育學無有米 |基永考試三料;每科幻隊、崇竾鱭九名 六月二日至五日】護、群、洪榮 三天,浏粿條行。任 林耀怒、將嶲武、王 組織考試委員會,定 驚,容甓傑、高棲生 月試委員及監考委員, 英铡豁文革领有周 年林汪浦、未光茶、黃精聶樂針:中國文 同仇、伍;郑宇君书·暴某有梁金明一名, 八、陳編給、朱鷺文、 又該校本年· ** < E#·***** E-RELEASE {#,只由該校聘定陳 築工程學瘀毒案棒 大專院本年寵景棠穗 筋混凝土,等科;建 (常熟)本設計,平面渕景及鯛
康業生共三十餘名
學年畢業總考
聯大書院進行
等二名。經濟
借土木工程學系考牌一名云。 家及成本會計等科;包括前辦理,创起開 | 考貨幣與銀行 - 會計 校下學期新生招考, ̧嶁科;會計銀行基米。共計三十名。骸 15-BERLER BEKTRIK | U 「臺灣企棄絲織真 啪影等七名。建築工 欧學等科;新棠管理 屬德爾、米萬村、柯 ,貨幣與蜞行;及財、雄明發、陳啟明、 KERBETER KERES BÉE Į 維及銅集行政等科;劃一名。土木工程學 新聞學漸槍,銅級表 會計銀行學系有幾
一共为教育原源;歲、志
污銀
j次比賽,比賽豬菜
|NKIEW | •
時事間安比養,本週表、杜牌彰、姬鑠事
• BKX«#BIKE 65(88) • * } (RE)BEN BASES.
維多利亞勝筲箕灣
校際時事問答比賽
**KE
||WESKITEMS REGER)
第消尙
四息有
張刊教
讀第在育
英中會考歷史(=)答案
KURSEGEEO)
本比賽兩隊分別爲符 很懶。
「映聲英文 台湾出。諺、失水玉、張婉,
•\AR - MAR]
|。問答比安將進入
|,結果結多利亞工業
SKNKKCEK.
| 昨銘豪加比賽舞方形者注意
|61|8###1}}
KKEN-RESHER
貴名慧-
下:
I
5.
b..
China and Japan, 1793, 194), and Hong Kong, 1841 - 194)
How did me condtiiona of trade at Kantun #Ķeci Anglo-Chinesa relationā up to 1637
Trace the expansion of Russián power indha Far East in the "second had of the 19th Century.
In what ways cho umpan succeed in adjusting gernell to the challenge of the West in the second half of the 19th Century 1
Write a short account of TWO of the folowing, mang thais importance) with reference to Sino-Wevitra relations in the period 1860 <_94=;
(a)
The Burlingame Miksson, 1868 - 70,
(b)
The Tientsin Massacre,” 1870,
(c)
The Maggary Affair. 1875,
(d)
The Sina French War, 1884 - 85:
In what ways-did the victory of Japan in the Sino-Japanese War of 1894 - 95 affect the Far Eastern policies of the Great Powers up to 19007
How far could the Empress Dowager Tzu-hsi be held responsible fur cha] collapse of the Ch'ing Dynasty"
7.
Give an account of China'a relations with Japan from 1923 10 1941
How did the growth of populattan in Hong Kong between 1841 and 1947, reflect important events in China? SECTION B
9.
10.
J.
12.
13.
14.
15.
5.
Europe, 1814 1939
What were the origins of the Congress System and why did ni break down ?
What were the attitudes of Great Britain, France and Russie towards the Eastern Question in 1827. 1854 and 1878 ?
In what ways dié Cavour!s diplomacy help bring abour Italian unity ? ¿
Explain how Napoleon I had lost support at home and abroad by 1870
How did colonial rivalry in North Africa (including the Sudao) affect relations among the European Powers between 1870 and 1914 7
How är were the revolutiona ya Kuzsia in 1917 caused by the First World War?
What arrangements were made concerning Germany in the Versalffee Conference of 19197. How did the general attitude of Germany towards these arrangements change between 1919 and 1934?
Choose FOUR of the following. Describe their aghievements and show) how they helped to improve the life of people:
(a)
Henri Dunam
(b)
Louis Pasteur
(<)
Ferdinand de Lesseps
Gugiseimo marcom
fet
William Rontgen
W
Marie uric.
SECTION
14
19.
BO
ti.
2.)
13.
Great Britain, 1814 1939
What conditione fed to the passing of the Reform Act of 1892? What the consequences of this Acı?
What efforts were made m England between 1814 and 1950 to improve working conditions? To what extent were these efforts successful?
What steps were taken by the British Government to promote free trade in the 19th Century? Explain the attitudes to iree trade of (a) indysteindu (b) farmers, and (c) factory workers.
,
Why did many agricùimiral labourers and small farmers leave tarang in the second half of the 19th Century ?
What efforts were made by the British Government to give Home Rule to Ireland? Why did they tail and how did Ireland eventually gain independence ↑
What were the main developments in education in England between 1870 ano 19397 Why was more attration paid to education during this period
What social and economic problems existed in England in the years. 1919 - 19297 What sitempta were made to solve them?
Choose FOUR of the followedzig- Describe their achievements and show ho they helped improve the tide of peoplez
کر میری
George Stephason
Taj
(B)
Humphry Davy
(c) Michael Faraday T
Florence Nightingale)
(0)
Joseph Listes
(0
Alexander Flaming.?
SECTION D
依帆·
Bator
{Suggested Azavora
1. Bow did the conditions of trade at cantonjarreot)
"Anglo-Chineas: relations:úp,to.18397;
Western" tradere first came to China to trade in the 17th century when the Ching Emperor K'ang Bsi opened Canton in 1689, Kang. Hai saw the value) of customs duties and harbour fees, but he and his offloisla regarded trade with the west ma á. favour granted to foreigners. Foreigners could do business in Chinese ports only if they” obided' by the rules made by the Chiness. Otherwise, they? were free to leave China, Thèse rules were not easy to follow, and foreigners found themselves placed under unfair restrictions.
Western)
By the middle of the 18th century, merchants were forbidden to trade at any port except Canton. They had to obey a set of regulations which remained in force for the next hundred years or so, These regulations provided · that foreign merchante must leave Canton and retire to Macao or India after the end of the trading season, usually from October to March. While in Canton, the movemente were restricted to certain areas outside the city limit's No warships were allowed near Canton welther foreign women, nor guns nor other weapons might be brought into Canton Foreigners could not employ Chinese servants, nor to ride in sedan chairs. They were not allowed to learn the Chinese language. All goods purchased by foreigners were to be paid for in cash. Foreignere were not to, have dieds contact with Chinese officials, and all communications were to be in the form of petitions; sent through the Co hong merchants, who were appointed by the Emperor to deal with and supervise the foreign traders. Foreigners were to be under the control of the co-hong in all matters, In addition to these hindrances placed on
foreign traders, there
a tariff system whichke
As they were res obliged to deal were unable to goode. Meanwhi
laissez-faire- all restriction
merchants resent or abroad. In pä restrictions plão were eager to enl trade.
The western country?
he added irritation of}
wom time to time.
pert and were
Chong, they For their..
br. free of
and
Hat, hone
ainase, and
dioneered the
opening up of China wasasa ni Already'in -
1793, King George 111 had d
Lord
Macartney to the court of Chien Lung. Macartney mission was to ask for feyer limitations to be placed on Sino-British trade, permission for British merchants to reside in China and for British ambassador to be appointed to the court Peking. although Macartney was treated with the greatest courtesy and hospitality, his reguests, were not granted, in a rather haughty reply, the Chinese government indiosted that they had no desire for any enlargement of the Sino-British trade, and pointed out that foreign residents in China were coûtrary to Chinese traditions. Undaunted, the British government tried again in 1816, then Lord Amhërst headed a second mission to China. But Amberstis unyielding attitude to perform the ceremonial Kowtow to the Emperor of China prevented him from gaining an audience with
the Emperor. Thin second mission also failed to achiqvė its ends.
By this time, British merchants were becomig annoyed with the altitude of the Chinese zovernment. There were éêne who believed that
guaranteeing
that
they
would
refrain
from
importing opium into China, on pain of death. Most of the foreign merchants signed this bond, w with the exception of the British merchante. The entire British community, with the British Superintendant of Trade, Captain Elliat, at its > hegd, retired to Macau.
By 1839, British patience with China had #orn out. Marchants in England were urging the British government to make a show of force sgainst China, and war broke out between the countries.
TWO S
5. In what ways did the victory of Japan in the s‡no-
Japanese War of 1894-95 affect the Far Eastern policies of the Great powers up to 1900?
The victory of Japan over China in 1895 aatounded the western powers no less than Japan herself. In future, western powers realized that they had to reckon with Japan, who almost overnight, became the first non-European great power of modern times. Her colossal gaine in Korea and Manchuria had upest the delicate balance of power in China, and this led to wides spread effects. Rusaia, in particular, became suspicious of Japanese ambitions in Chins, and in 1895, six days after the conclusion of the Treaty of Shimononeki came the intervention of Russia, Germany and France. These three powers forced Japan to return the Liaotung Peninsula to China for an additional indemnity, Russia båd persuaded Germany and France to join her because she pointed out that Japanese occupation of Port Arthur at the tip of Liaotung would pose a cobstant threat to the nearby capital of China.
This would be an obstacle to peace in the Far East. In reality, Russia wanted the Liaotung peninsula and its warm water port for herself. For the present, Japan could do nothing in the face of the three great powere, and she duly surrendered Liaotung to China. But her fury knew no bounds when In 1897, Russia herself leased Port Arthur from China. This was to be the cause of the Russo- Japanese War some years later.
After the Sino-Japanese war and the Triple) Intervention forging Japan to relinguish Liaotung, there was a growing sympathy and friendship or Britain towards Japan, Britain wasɔ naturally auspicious of Russia'ə Far Eastern aimsf These suspicious increased when Busala proposed tó connect Port Arthur with the Trans-Siberian, Railway through Manchuria, thus virtually **tending Russian influence in that corner
In view of this danger, Er Näin -becamé more friendly towards Japan, and their association 'finally culminated in the Anglo- Japanese Alliance of 1902 directed against Russia.
In 1897, two German priests were murdered In chabtung. Germany demanded compensation fron China and German gunboate steamed into Kiaochow)
China had no choice but to agree to lease Kiaochor Bay to Germany for a period of ninety- nine years. At the same time, Russia was granted,
five year lease to Fort Arthur, Immediately after this, Frande, the third member of the Triple Intervention, also demanded reward. She' was granted a ginety-nine year lease of Kwang Chow Bay in Kwangtung. China also promised that s she would not alienate to any other power than Franne Kangtung; Kwange1. Yunnan or the island of Hainan
Britain so`rar nad remained neutral. But ene viewed with alarm the concessions that China) had granted to Buggia, Germany and France. She was determined toʻmaintain the balance of power in China, and an 1898, she obtained a ninety-year] lease of the New Territories, and a second lease of i-hal-wei as a naval bare for as long as Russia occupied Port Arthur.
29.
"
30.
31,
32.
United States of America. 1783-1941
Discuss the problems the Confederation had to deal with in the yeara following the War of Lodependence.
Describe the reignone of the United States with England, Spain and France from 1789 to 1803.
What effecti did the War of 1812 have upon the (4) politics, ibi economy.. * feltornion affairs, of the United States ?
What was the importance of the Presidency of Andrew Jackaan 7
To what extent Could Jackson be held responsible for the Panic of 1837!
What were the policies of the Kadički nepuncVE MY Reconstruction, 1865-175 What were the reactions of the South towards these polician?
Why did the United States acquire, Hawass and the Philippines in 1898) What were the main political, social and economic reforms attempted during the Progrgisive. Period: 1896 - 1016? Why were they important *
Choose FOUR of the following. Describe their achievements and state why they were importantie.
(4)
John Brown
– (b) - Andréw Carnegie
(c) wright, erompire
Henry Fero
·Charlie ChapliİS )
Souis Armatrang
-3">China, would never agree to: nemove her restrictions)
•unless she was forced by war to do so. But ia 1833% the British government appointed Lord Japier to the newly crested post of British Chief Superintendant of Trade, and he was” ordered to settle in Canton but not to offend against. Chinese laws and customs. But Napíér had arrived. in Canton without first obtaining the Emperor'a approval, and he was ordered out of Cantons He retired to Madao where he later died of malaria.
The relations between Great Britain and China were already strained when the situation "WAB} aggravated by the illegal trade in opium, Opium had been imported into China since 1800, when an increasing number of Chinese had taken up the habit of smoking the drug, Although the Chinese government had outlawed the sale and the smoking of opium, the drug was still being smuggled into China in increasing quantities. This trade was also draining, the Chinese'sconomy of silver. In 1838, the Emperor Tao Kuang decided to put" an end to the trade, and appointed Lih Tee-Hsu as Imperial High Commissioner with sweeping powers-to dastroy the drug traffic, Lin proceeded to Genton in Marok 1839. Snd immediately ordered all stocki
Fandered to him for destructiön. the foresen tehdara to nigala "bond,
By this time, Chinà was on the verge of being "partitioned among the European powers. Each foreign country had certain "spheres of influence" in China, and in these areas, each enjoyed almost azclusive economia privileges. China had almost
· osazed to be an independent and sovereign state. But she was saved from collapse by the timely intervention of the United States. The United States had acquired no Chinese territory, but her statesmen had kept a sharp watch over the scramble for conosasions, for their country wa» by
then a Pacific power. She realized that the partition of China- would be more to the dia- advantage of the western countries, as in the case of Africa. Só in 1899, John Hay, the American Secretary of State, proposed to the European countries the Open Door Policy. By thene) suggestions, the existence of the powers' spheres of influence was recognized, but each was asked, to respect the sovereignty and integrity of) China; to promise not to interfere with any tresty port, and that only the duties fixed by tas tariff. agreed with Ching should be collected in thear spheres. These proposals were accepted by Britain, Germany, France, Japan and Russia. This
Door Policy saved China from the humiliation/ of being partitioned by foreign countries,' and wasto affect east-sest relationg · far, nRAY decades,