1768
F
英文中學會試題預習專欄
•
解開
Leonomic & Public Affairs
Lecture No. 17
By K. M. Lau, J.!
Answers to questions in Exercise XIV
Question:
(1) Describe the work and Iunctions of the
Labour Department.
Answers
Labour Department
Supervisory Industrial Training Undertakings
Section
Administration
Section
Section
Industrial
Industrial
Young Persons Health Section Relations
Women &
Section
Section
Trade
Unions Section
Workmen'g Compensation And Oversea Employment Section
}
How the labour Department is organized
Directed by the Commissioner of Labour the labour, Department has to carry out the following functions (a) to inspect factories and see if they are complying
with existing labour laws;
(b) to bring legal action against those who violate
the various labour ordinances;
(e) to conduct managemant courses for supervisors
engaged in local industry;
(d) to promote sound trade unionism;
(e) to settle labour disputes,
(f) to provide training for trade union leaders j (g) to administer the Workmen's Compensation
Ordinance, 1953;
(h) to arrange workers for overseas employment; and (1) to provide job-seekers with information on
employment in local industry.
In order to achieve maximum efficiency the iepartment is divided into eight separate sections, aix of which are under Labour Officers, one under an Executive Officer and another one under a Medical Health Officer (seconded from the Medical and Health Department). The Commissioner of Labour is directly Rasisted by a Deputy Commissioner of Labour who heads a large staff comprising an Administrative Officer, a number of Executive Officers and Labour Officers. Junior staff includes stenographers, interpreters, translators and Clerical assistants..
Administration Section
Planning the day-to-day work of the Labour Lepartment se a whole is the chief responsibility
the Administration Section. It also deals with matters. affecting personnel, finance and the recruitment of new staff.
Supervisory Training Section
ONG
Factory supervisors must be trained in the prevention of occupational accidents; they in turn can teach their workers on how to maintain safety within the confines of their factories in order to reduce industrial mishaps.
The Supervisory Training Section plans and organizes training programmes for these supervisors. The courses usually include use and maintenance of machines and preventive measures that cần be adopte. to minimise the risk factor.
Officers from this section visit factories regularly to give advice and guidance to workers principally on the prevention of industrial accidents,
industrial Undertakinga Section
Officers from this section are chiefly concerned with the study of plans of proposed factory buildings with a view to adiising the Building Authority whether such plans should be amended or not, and
ither they should be approved.
-Befors new equipment is installed in a factory. Industrial Undertakinga Section is consulted in lar to mintain certain standards of safety, an
uired by the Factories and Industrial Undertakings) finance, 1955.
Inspectors from this section pay regular visa com factories to ensure that this ordinance is ictly complied with by factory supervisors anu oprietors, so that all places of work are jğlutely safe for everyone.
A Factory Inspector is always called to the ne of any industrial accident so that after dding a careful investigation he can determine cAU ises of the accident. In this way, similar Äidents can be prevented in future,
“de Unions Section
The work of this section is focussed on advising guiding local trade unions. Courses on trade Ion education are conducted from time to time no lt trade union leaders are taught how tó run their Sons with efficiency and within the laws of ng Kong.
men & Young Persons Section
Labour Officers from this section administer thei actories and Industrial Undertakings Ordinance, a aw which protects women and young people employed In local industry.
One of the most important jobs of this section is to see that no one under the age of 14 is employea ʼn industrial undertakings, and children between the e of 14 and 16 are not asked to work for more than hours daily, nor are they allowed to work overtime,
that ther
be given one hour of rest for
WAH KIU YAT PO 缀
every 6 hours of continuous work. Women, on the othe hand, are not allowed to work for more than 10 hours a day.
#
The Women and Young Persons Section also maintains an Employment Information Service which informe job-seekers about existing vacancies in local industry..
Industrial Health Section
The work of this section is chiefly directed towards the maintenance and promotion of industrial health in Hong Kong, by introducing preventive mkgures against occupational diseases.
Regular inspections of factories are conducted by Health visitors who ensure that places of work ar always kept hygienically clean and tidy.
Certain industrial workers such as lead or quarry workers are given medical tests periodically to detect for radio active substances. An industrial hygiene laboratory has also be established to enable Health Visitors to conduct experiments to improve industrial hygiene.
}
This section also investigates workers suffering from occupational diseases, in order to make subsequent recommendations in respect of compensations, It also conducts first aid courses for factory workers, The St. John Ambulance Association has a part to play in this.
This section also helps families of injured factory workers, with the co-operation of the Social Welfare Department.
Industrial Relations Section
Officers from this section recommends and shows. ways of improving labour-managerent relations to both the workers and the management: They explain, for instance, how joint consultation can solve
labour disputes. There are times, when Officers from this section have to act as intercessors to help the workers and the management solve their dispute. Workmen's Compensation And Overseas Employment Section
This section administers the Workmen's Compensation Ordinance, which prescribes the amount led to of compensation an industrial worker sentit. receive in the event of his being injured on fallen
seriously atak while at work.
have to
Officers from this section, therefore vestigate cases of workers suffering from occupational diseases or injuries in order to determine the amount of compensation their emploteri have to pay. Their rommendations (and findings) are forwarded t
det Court if death occur to the inju decision
Thi
workers of cont by Orri
rights also a proces:
Questi
Answer
disputes arbitrat
Whe concern o employer. dispute with. practicably po
is known as "ind:
But when a disput
comprising a large numbëls Impossible for both partieft
case the final
wal to manual
Tork. The terms
fully studies
hat their
this sectic
the
trial
and
Station
GAGN
is humanly and discuss their
BRA
trouble. Instead, each party will appoint one or moré representatives to go to the meeting at which representatives from both sides can discuss the dispute.
They then return to their respective parties. and report the decision reached. If both parties, agree to the solution arrived at the dispute 15 thereby solved amically. This form or joint consul tation is known as "collective bargaining".
There are times, however, when joint consultation fails to solve the dispute. If that is so, the Industrial Relations Section of the Labour Department will step in as a third party to agt as the intercessor. An officer from the Department will listen to the views of both sides, and using his impartiality he will attempt to bridge the gulf separating their agreement. He will try to explain Judiciously to both sides, what the apparent solution,: should be, and if legal points arise, he will interpret the law for them. When both parties accept his recommended solution, the dispute is over. This method of solving an industrial dispute is krawon as monciliation.
Should conciliation fails, then the last method, arbitration, is used. Both parties will then present their case before a tribunal which functions in the same manner as a civil court of justice. This tribunai is headed by a completely unbiased person, known as / the arbitrator, who is appointed by the Governor.
The arbitrator is advised, guided and assistea throughout the hearing of the case by a staff of men and women who are skilled in conciliation work, and who' are fully acquainted with the principal aspects and davelopments of the dispute.
After studying the eläins or both parties, toe ́arbitrator, like a Supreme:Goart. Judge hearing an appeal case, will consult his advisers before making a decision as to what course of action should be takana, to bring the dispute to en impartial end. He then announces his decision, and both parties who have previously agreed to have their dispute solved by a tribunal after conciliation has failed, will now la all probability accept the decision of the arbitrator.) and the dispute therefomu janda.
Extréise No. 17]
1. What do you understand by srv? uiscuss its benefits,
2. Discuss the underground rail system as proposed
recently by the Mass Transport Fossibility: Report
日
*#*%
$#$%$#$%%$#5%%$#5%%%$#$%
期理
%$#$%$#5%$#$#S#%%
日五廿月二年八六九一般公年七十五國民孳
夏僑
犬題類習書酒
(TE) ·養美鑒 十六解答
%$#$%$##$%$#$%$#$%$#%
1968
生物科
習題
生活的 植物体
動植物 的屍体
生活的動物体
發酵與呼吸
植物行光合作用
空氣中的
接弯的循環
R. BARRJA NA PEASTere
細菌
中間階段的
解産物(土)
腐敗細菌
容:點:自然界中循過,其展空氣土壩,影臘您係加下:
WASSCER
(1) ***B*%*** WRTHE · QEAXWIE KEUSE AL
细菌的作用彎彎演學。
(2) ARMANE\SNA*=**! • UBND IMA¶BAYYET ›
CHEW PushMANCE
(五)氨氮化,物决的分輕常素洲象的作用卻會慧生專
LASER; KYTAROSTNE › ARKIV 稍定製化細菌化確記
可食料
植物的 蛋白質
30000
龜或含丸
的化合物
磕爐
硝酸鹽化細
空氣中的
ttun
推動物血液須。
LISTA**)
(1) 鍾婚(大)
(#)
(m)
周點細菌
身
(**)
大腿 右心球——→右心室 下腔
L
(無糖麵)
哺乳類、鳥類的血液循環。
3)
QUERCAME)
《慢血和鮮並混合)
→大
(欄血)
(灣血和鮮血混合)
(2) MERCAT)
心案-左、右肺動脈 鈰內路左、右攀蟹
(氣體交換)
(海鮮メ含)
——→心部。
一个
辭)
(灣血和鮮血混合,
式戦、再提類的血液付環徑
(未完轉入第四慿第三
>