CITY
HALL
三弟强国
日五初月四年朱丁唐王
育教僑華
英文中學會考試題預習專欄
(廿八)
黃文謙・
'HISTORY `(28) YBy Mr. WONG Main Hymui)
Answers
歷史科
(53)Give brief accounts on the Japanese aggression on
Manchuria and the Italian conquests on Ethiopia and Albania..
-
ANS. (AJJapanese Aggression on Manchurle: *
In the autum of 1931, the Japanese militarista时 ordered their troops to 'occupy Manchurie of China. Within a short time, the entire region was overrun, and the Chinese troops were crushed. Manchuria was then declared "independent" under the new name of "Manchukus." Patriotic Chinese sought to bring pressure on Japan by boycotting Japanese goods, anipa) and banks. Japan replied by ordering her warships to shell Shanghai and sending soldiers to occupy.tn. city. Chiang Kai-Shek's troops resisted fiercely but i unsuccessfully, and the Chinese nad to promise to end the boycott before Japan would withdraw her troops./ from Shanghai.
Encouraged by their successus in china, the ' Japanese militarists determined to take control ol their own country out of the hands of the duly elected moderate government. Early in 1952, in a wave of terrorism and sesassination, they murdered the heao of the largest political party; a few months later, the Prime Minister himself was killed. After these events orderly constitutional government ceased, and i navy and army officers ruled the country
From Manchuria, Japanese armies were pushed southward into the main part of China, the próvinice. of Jehol was seized. In the year 1935, the Japanese also conquered two more northern provinces and brought] under their control the great cilies of_Peiping and and Tientisin."
The Japanese rulers, inspi[ed by their conquests, made plans to bring all Ching under their domination. In July, 1937 the Japanese artiles marched into the city of fokäuchlu near Peiping, Stripe these tioops mat with stiff Chinese resistance, the powerful Japanese navy. was employed to land marines and troops at : Shanghai. After great losses on both sides Shangha was captured and a large army was dispatched northia naso to join the other armies coming toward the south. After this successful operation, the, Japanese proceededt to capture Nanking, Hankow, and almost all the key pouts of Northem China. in the South, they seized the great city of Canton..
Chiang Kai-Shek te government; which has moved up the Yangtze River to Hankow, now Hed-further inland to Chungking where they stood firnly until the surrenderv of the Japanese militarists in Agust, 1945
The Japanese military adventures put an end to the peaceful international cooperation. The League of」 Nations had failed to prevent Japan, one of its members from attacking Chine, another of its members In vain, China had appealed to the League for assistanc The League merely sent a commission to the Far East to study the situation and adopted the recommendations ⠀⠀ that. Japan be ceusured. But the foremost members of the League, Great Britain and France, were too filled with
pacific sentiment at the time to favour going co war
【蝦排!
13:
WAH KIU YAT PO
with Japan over distant Manchuria, particularly as they feared that, if they went to war with Japan,
Germany would seize the opportunity to make trouble) for them nearer home,
Tai Nazl Germany had just withdrawm from the League) of Nations and now:Semi-Fascist Japan not only did likewise but also denounced her naval agreements with Great Britain and the United States.
(月)Italy's Cornque sts on Ethiopia and Albania:-)
(e) Ethiopian Campaignt
There can be no doubt that the railure of the League of Nations to helt Japan's aggression in the Far East encouraged other ambitione dictatorships to undertake similar aggressions) elsewhere. Indeed, Fascist Italy was only following the Japaness. example when her armies) invaded the East African empire of Ethiopia, another member of this League, in 1935. In this case, Great Britain seconded Ethiopia's appeal for assistance, Largely because a successful Italian conquest would menace the British life line in India via the Suez canal. On Britain's
persuasion, the League imposed economic sanc- tions against Italy, League members refused to. sell munitions and a few other products to Italy and stopped buying her products, but what! they withheld Italy obtained from Germany who wds do more the member of the League.
It was
T
the beginning of friendship and close coopera- tion between these two countries. It also market a further weakening of the League by the angry withdrawal of Italy from it and inasmuch as the
ng league:members could not agree to: tright war on Italy in defense of Ethiopia, Italy went ahead with her imperial- istic enterprise and experienced no great difficulties in conquering the whole of Abyssinia.
(b) Seizure of Albania: ---
Kussolini, being inspired by his conquest on Abyssinia and the easy success of Hitler's occupation of Austria and Czechoslovakia, dispatched Italian Bruies across the Adriatic Sea into Albania where they overcame native resistance, blotted out the little country's Edependence, and thus enabled Mussolini to annexial banis co ltav.
Outline the Nazi policies under Adolfhitler, How
these policies bring about changes of economic life of the Germans and the Nazi expansion of territor tes which led to the outbreak of the Second World War?
AND,187Anciveten campaign and-Anti-Christian Campaign:
After the selzure of powers, a campaign of: terror was immediately directed against the Jews, who were made scapegoats for all of Germany's misfortunatea du.ing, and since the World War. The government officially eponsored a boycott of Jewish shop-keepers and professional men and decreed that
so governmental positions what::
views were subjected to official Jupe from Naz1. mober
ver
Another iyortant obstacle in the Nazi path towards unifomity of thought and action in. Germany was the existence of the Christian churches. The. Catholic hierarchy had hoped that they could averc an open conflict with the Nazis. Hitler and his associates, however, soon proceedea to interfero with Catholic societies and publications in an attempt to compel them to serve Nazi ends. When the Nazie began to seize church property, ta imprison Catholic officials, and to close Catholic achools, the Papacv: protested. The
明
several Protes:
日三个月五乍七六九一
六十五中
tand churches were nominally united under an Imperial Bishop. Conflict resulted when a Nazi- inspired group of "German Christians" attempted to substitute German scriptures for the Bible, to reinterpret Christ as a model: of Nazi militancy; and to make other doctrinal changes. The more conservative Christian congregations rebelled and repudiated the authority of the Bishop, whereupon many of their pastore were jailed and subjected to) other indignities. (b) Economic Policy: -
With regard to economic policy, the most' triking feature of the Nazi rule was the extension of sweeping government control over production, trade, and banking. The whole of economic life was depended upon the purpose of the Nazi Regime' the building up of a mighty military machine by means of which Germany would undo the Treaty of
Versailles and become the greatest power in Europe) and even the whole world.
Under the slogan "Guns, not Butter!", the Nazi government speeded up and considerably expanded the basic industriea necessary for rearwament irons, steel, coal, electrical power; and machine tools -- while it restricted the production of goods for everyday use. Foreign trade was cut down' to vital imports and sufficient exports to pay for the imports. Scientists worked to produce suba- titutes for such essential raw materials de rubber, and oil.
(c) Aggressive Foreign Policy:-
The Nazis spent much effort on building up German military strength. Planning for offensive warfare, they concentrated on tanks and aeroplanes. Hermann Coering became commander of the greatly. enlarged air force. In 1935, publicly repudicting the limitations placed on German ammaments by the Treaty of Versailles, the Nazis. reestablished universal military conscription.
With an outspoken program of conquest and a strong dictatorship forcing a whole nation to bend its energies to that purpose, Nazi Germany created great distrubance in international relations. The Weimar Republic, placing its main emphasis on peace,) had tried to secure revision of the Versailles. Treaty through friendly agreement with other nations. When Hitler first came to power, Germany was weak and he mace no bold changes in foreign policy. In January, 1934, proclaiming his desire for peace, he concluded & Non-Aggression Pact with Foland) giuary. anteeing the existing boundaries for ten years Then,
with his eastern border secure, Ritler encouraged Nazi agitation in Austria. In July 1934, the Austrian Fremier, Dollfuss was murdered:
In January 1935, the inhabitants of the Saar Valley Voted in a League of Nations Plebiscite to return to Cermany. Emboldened by this success, the wazi called upon Germans living in Danzig, Meniel, Schleswig, and the Sudetan districts of Czechoslovakia, as well as:
apon the Austrians to struggle for union with Germany. In the spring of 1936, German troops entered the thineland
and began building fortificate the sand years
...... the Wazis' gave aid to Franco
In Spain and estab
rished the Berlin-Tokyo Axis, which by soon joined by- Italy. In 1938, Austria was seized and annexed, und in that Autumn, Germany caused a great international crisia by demanding the Sudeten region of Cuecnoslovakia. Thisio
res was finally turned over to Hitler by England arg France under the Munich Agreement of September, 1930. which Germany soon violated by occupying almost the h role of Ceecoslovakia in March, 1939. In September ora
ear, the German Invasion of Poland, growing out
Second vent War
if Tict19vover Danzig, marked the beginning of the.
日多生招小官
寥寥仍者津問
發:再:又:
又將
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新
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繼加
港大中文系今秋擴-
[豪門比價考試,以调 空襲下的教育:
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昕无烧
退休 繼任人選已物色就緒 比例增加 現任系主任羅香林教授將告 學生數字將增加一倍 教師數字亦作:
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一央文、主修科試卷
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會林教授,行將退休,其慢任人選亦已由小李局的色號緒。
港大中文系目前方學生二百十四名,其中三十四名爲研究生!一八十名爲一、為三年後,方准修 上定此中行多林中期試之
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「非指某一程之老
無料亦作選俗科
黑、茶及世痰。卷不及格者,則有故 ...小,段各者較多,但位鷸校林 學額 為數不多。位於人口狹杏地區官可、棉花、黃慈、甘。至如有過平數之代 立地隆之宫小,招生情况不能 牧畜i維猁生堂 勒令退图之處。...
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,海中说菜市區官小美爲困齡、望、聞及愛愛土萬華於結時補名被
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因生招生
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發現如此,官立小學在新區空區戲。(線)
,但在此第三區年捕,
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許其升入第四年級攻一名中大學生之樂龍」。(成) 人口之分佈及主考仍不及格時,將不讓,故中期考陝於一班,帶紀有繒大影响 茲著徒會劉雅的,督
旅居參加中小島站
港大明年高程度科目試
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中文史課程範圍
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地理科課程範圍
桀與海共學之姓蘑 ) 康生鞍品力華、太子治得失(九體類風書
愛優、歌妓,順得、中醫文化出版事南
一品學兼優生(藍)
分甲∑丽部份 甲部爲地圖
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·模型之分及其特被十二日關選,柩六月 土地利用區及地對會園,後世及薩蘭德,新區天台校聯會反對
小學培英文訓練
根忒忒怒、人類活動
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鞫臂星在米蘭家京下較的建寞,流將此計劃實施。因之售會將模畫上透們形,建美
名人仓
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曲
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