THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, THURSDAY, JUNE Sed, 1926
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PROPERTY OF GERMAN PRINCELY HOUSES.
TRIAL OF STRENGTH IN THE REICHSTAG.
BERLIN, April 20th. The' Referendum Bill for the confisca
aqwelcome to them.
THE PETIT BOURGEOIS.
IS HE DISAPPEARING?
FEELING THE PINCH IN FRANCE.
+
[T THE PARIS CORRESPONDENT OF THE "OBSERVER."]
S
."
For many generations it is from the mall bourgeoisie that Franes bas 'drawn the intellect and the character which have maintained her great place in the world as a nation of clear thinkers, of
speakers, of eloquent
imaginative artists. There have always been fewer rich men than, say, in England. Above all, there. have been enormously fewer moderate well-to-do men.
tion of the property of former rulers i following, the prescribed course, writes the Times Berlin correspondent. What appear to be two last desperate efforts are being made to deprive the referen dum of its most dangerous features by two of the Middle parties, the Democrats and the Centre, whose instinct is always to postpone as long as possible any open struggle between Republicans and Monar
On the other hand, there have been chists which might retard the process of fewer very poor men. The average edu- conciliation. The wing parties seem to eated person whom you would meet in have accepted a trial of strength as in-France would be very modestly comfort- evitable and the conclusion may not be able. He might be a saläried official, of which there are many, and, indeed, too The Democrats have introduced in the
many, in the highly centralised admipis Reichstag their amendment to the Strative that has been inherited from the cialist Communist Confiscation Bill. It eighteenth century. He might be a pro- adds the phrase "and settlements with
fesional maD. He might be an army former ruling houses to the description officer. He might have been any one of of the purposes of the Bill and provides these, and now merely be living on for the grant out of the expropriated the income derived from the investment properties of means sufficient to enable of his small savings or on his vory slen former rulers to maintain a reasonable der person. He would be the grandson, standard of living." It has no prospect if at the son, of a peasant, for the of support,
urban population of France is only a The Centre "Party has produced an very small proportion of the whole, but entirely new Compromise Bill." This be would be far mere highly educated measure, like its abandoned predecessor. than many who, in other countries, would
would set up a special court to hear
have more important social pretensions. Royal property claims, but it omits many
UNDERPAID CIVIL SERVANTS. of the detailed instructions for the
According to British standards, he court's guidance. It justifies the depar- would always be underpaid. The reason ture from the strict application of the for these low salaries may, partly turn ordinary property laws by reference to upon the modest standard of living, the new situation created by the revolu-which is, however, their effect as well as tion, and it lays down that the princely their cause. At its base it arises from houses must bear their share of the con- that preponderance of the peasant ele- sequences of a lost war and the im- poverishment of the nation.
ment in the French nation. The-peasant loves saving and hates paying. Even as There is a vague hope that this mea-
he has bequeathed the virtue of thrift to sure might be coupled with the confisca the small bourgeoise, be has inspired the tion proposal in the referendum, but State with the vice of niggardliness. there is little doubt that this hope could France is not and has never been gene- only be fulfilled wish the aid of the two-rous to her servants. If these servanta thirds majority required for an altera-sccept what are oiten ridiculously in tion of the Constitution which cannot he surficient wages, it is partly because this found for the compromise itself. The virtue of thrift enables them to live and even to, save upon incomes which in Eng- whole muddle into which this issue has land would be regarded as incredibly fallen is due to a clumsy and short-insufficient for the former, to say nothing of the latter. It is also partly because sighted approach to hitherto untried the laws of the equal division of inherit operations of a written Constitution ance among children and the practice of Months ago "the perils of a referendum giving every girl her dot when she mar on so in fammable an issue were realized, rica, together man that there is hardly any family that does not possess a tiny and it was decided that steps must be little. independent income, drawn, of taken to restrict them. But the task was course, from careful investments in
Government securities. undertaken without a proper reconnais sance, and the would-be saviours of the situation have time and again blundered upon unforeseen obstaclea
THE PEASANT TO THE RESCUE.
All these conditions mean that when the value of money falls, as it has fallen to-day, the small bourgeois is immediate- ly hit, and hit very hard. The savings which he lent to his country produce The referendum article of the Constitu- the same number of francs in interest," tion has placed the Government in abut their purchasing power in negligible. quandary. The confiscation will be re-His salary, already small, has become pittance, and the occasional increase jected by the Reichstag and will have to which he has managed to extract as com be submitted to the country. As it has penaction for the rise in the cost of beer impossible to obtain enough support living Ings far behind that rise. for so alternative, the voting in the" referendum may be very close. Of the Is the small bourgeois, therefore, going 12,500,000 who voted for the confiscation to be crushed out of existence t I think measure in the preliminary canvass, at not. If he is in the employment of the least 2,000,000 were bourgeois voters. Government, he probably adds to his in- Many other bourgeois voters who wanted come by doing other work out of office some check on the claims of the princes hours, but that is not going to save were held back by the hope that an alter him. Besides, that has always been his native measure would take shape. These habit, even before the present bad times. may now vote for coniscation in the re-do not say that army officers have ferendum, but even then it is doubtful always been in the habit, as some of if the necessary 20,000,000 votes would them are said to do now, of spending be cast for it
their evenings in waahing, down motor.
In the meantime, however, the publi- cars-which, by the way, will perhaps cation of two fresh referendum probe driven na taxis next morning by posals, one demanding 50 sad the other Russian generals in exile. I do say that 100 per cent, valorization of depreciated many of the journalists of Paris have paper, has driven the Government to in- always been Government officials at cer- troduce a Bill declaring that these pro-tain hours of the day, posals come under a clause of the Con- What will save the small, bourgeois. is titution which excludes certain financial his close relationship with the peasant. measures from the referendum provisions. Currency depreciation has not hit agri- For this Bill it can obtain the necessary culture, and the peasant father or majority. If, however, it presses the Bill, grandfather will come to the rescue. which it is bound to do in view of the Individually the peasant will come to fact that valorization at such rates the rescue of his son or his grandson; would mean the collapse of the whole but that does not mean that collectively economic structure of the country it will he will be converted to the view that drive many more voters to the polla ia it pays to give good salaries. How far favour of the confiscation of Royal pro from good are the best public salaries perty. The voters will argue that if the in France may be judged from a few. claims of the humble sufferers from the examples. The highest judicial salary inflation are to be disregarded, those of in France is equal to hardly £370 a year the prices must. receive like treatment. at present exchange value, while judges There are already signs that the refer who preside over important courts are endum fight will be bitter. Count paid less than the equivalent of £300. Westarp, the Nationalist leader, made an A Marshal of France gets only 35,000 impassioned defence of the former. Kaiser francs (under £300 to-day), while a and ruling princes in the Reichstag lieutenant-colonel gets less than half 'sa debate yesterday. He contested hotly the much, and a captain of long service not Republican taunts that the Kaiser fied to more than
a third An ambassador, Holland in 1918. After, he said, Prince whose expenses are heavy, is only paid Max of Baden had, in deliberate dis-63,000 francs, while the highest perman- regard of the truth, announced the cat ofatial employed by the City of Paris Kaiser's abdication, the Kaiser had made has no more than 30,000 francs, the chief a beavy personal sacrifice in order to engineer 28,000, and many responsible prevent a civil war and to enable a more appointments, such as those of muni favourable peace to be concluded. When cipal analysts, 11,600 franes. Dr. Rosenfeld, the Socialist Deputy, de-age salary of the Government servant clared that the German princes had push was shown by a return made in 1922 to cd Germany into the war, he was, said: be 6,684 france, which was then well Count Westarp, branding Germany, anew under 2100 a year.
The aver
with the war guilt lie. Long after the Altogether the petit bourgeois" in DameB of the revolutionists had sunk isto France cannot be said just now to be oblivion, the names of the German prosperous, though he continues to supply priuces would still shine in splendour. the brains and the directive energy which The conclusion of his speech sounded make France what she is. However, the like a call to a Monarchist crusade, and peasant, who has many times saved that tone has, indeed, been characteristic, France in other ways, will probably now of all his recent utterances on the subject ave her in this, and will rescue the of the referendum.
small bourgeois from extinction,
EX-SERVICE MEN'S PLIGHT.
200,000 WORKLESS IN IRISH FREE STATE.
A constant stream of letters from Irish ex-Service men whose conditions are be coming steadily worse is reaching the, offices of the Southern Irish Loyalisti' |Relief "Association.
The relief secretary of the association, Major L White, says:
There are at present nearly 200,000 workless ex-Servicemen in the Free State who served in the British forces during the war, the great majority of whom are in desperate straits.
They are without dole or rolief, as there are no boards of guardians, and those who were given temporary dole have received nothing for two, years,
So acute is their plight that many of them are, according to representatives of the association in various parts of Ireland, living in s condition of semi-starvation under the most appall. ing conditions,
Most of the writers declare that they have been unable to get work as they had served as loyal soldiers in the British Army.
TYPICAL CASES.
Typical cases are:-
County Galway—áman'with a wife and seven children unable to get work. The family are living on the earnings of a boy of 15.
Dublin.-An ex-sergeant of the Royal Irish Fusiliers, with wife and family, living in a cellar. The children nearly naked.
Major White said that many are relying on food tickets supplied by the association. He added:-
We have tried to amist as many of them as possible to go to Canadá or New Zealand, but the problem becomes
All our re more acute.. every day. sources are now required to provide clothing and bare necessities. In Dublin we are serving out 2d., food tickets
We appeal to people to send their cast-off clothing to us for distribution.
RINGWORMS ON CHILD'S HEAD
Had To Cut Hair. Itched Badly. Healed by Cuticura.
My child was troubled with! | ringworma on the front of hat head. I had to have her hair cut off for the trouble soon spread all over her head and itched badly. I could. nut itaks her in company because the breaking out looked so badly, and mada her very irritabla.
I read in advertisement for Cuticurs Soap and Ointment and sent for a free sample. We were RO pinated with the results that we purchased more, which healed her." (Signed) Mr. C. G, Holt, J, Maiden Lane, Stamford, Lines, Eng-
Dally as of Cctions Soap, with touches of Cuticura Ointment now and then, keeps the skin fresh, smooth and clear. Cuticura Tali cum is also ideal for the skin. Song
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